
Style_of_Official_Documents.pptx
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THE STYLE OF OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS
the style of official Documents n Business Documents n military Documents n legal english n Documents of Diplomacy
the style of official Documents n aim - stating conditions binding parties in an undertaking and reaching agreement between them
the style of official Documents Features: use of words in logical dictionary meaning n special system of cliches, terms, set expressions n use of terminological nomenclature n no emotive words retaining their original meaning n
the style of official Documents special obligatory forms of address, opening and concluding n encoded character of language: use of abbreviations (M. P. ) and conventional symbols ($) n
the style of official Documents non-flexible compositional design n fixed paragraphing n restricted choice of syntactical patterns n
the style of official Documents n grammar and punctuation depending on the pattern (combining several pronouncements into one sentence)
the style of official Documents the whole document is one sentence
Business Documents n business correspondence n official reports n regulations
Business Documents Business correspondence n (letters) n telexes n enquiries n offers n claims (complaints) n business contracts (agreements)
Business Documents Business communication oral written
Business Documents Decisions and terms confirmed by the documents
Business Documents officialese
Business Documents Set-phrases and clichés invoice book value, promissory note, assets
Business Documents skilful application of passive constructions, introductory it, abstract nouns
Business Documents purpose – to reverse the focus from the subject to the object
Business Documents abbreviations, conventional symbols contractions
Business Documents Formal style of business English mostly in written form Informal English
military documents n tends to be sanitized n emphasizes the expertise of those who use it n contains a special notion of hierarchy
military documents Euphemisms surgical strikes collateral damage (bombing attack)
military documents Military terminology internal external
military documents jargon acronyms set-phrases
military documents different services different meanings
Documents of Diplomacy i. treaties and other inernational compacts treaties and conventions agreements declarations protocols
Documents of Diplomacy ii. constituent acts of the united nations and other international organs charter of the united nations statutes and other international documents constitutions of the united nations specialized agencies
Documents of Diplomacy iii. unilateral acts of the united nations ratifications accession, acceptance and approval reservations denunciations
Documents of Diplomacy iv. resolutions and records of the united nation general assembly and other international bodies resolutions rules of procedure summary records
Documents of Diplomacy v. final instruments of intergovernmental negotiations and visits final instruments of intergovernmental conferences
Documents of Diplomacy vi. diplomatic correspondence 1. un correspondence formal letters informal letters notes verbales interoffice memoranda
Documents of Diplomacy 2. diplomatic communications bet. Ween states
Documents of Diplomacy 3. other diplomatic acts agremént consular comissions and e. XQuatur letters of credence and letters of recall full po. Wers
Documents of Diplomacy vii. World economic and trade global economic cooperation and foreign trade documents
Legal English Law and legal system
Legal English Stylistic idiosyncrasy
Legal English Legal varieties of Latin and French
Legal English Latin (means rea, ab incio) French (plaintiff, tort) Ceremonial phrasing (signed, sealed) Conventional terminology (alibi, negotiable instruments)
Legal English - Language of legal documents - Language of works of legal reference - Language of case law
Legal English Language of the Language of legislature the judiciary
Legal English Features: Complex grammatical structures with lengthy sentences and repetitions and a general syntactical mode of combining several pronouncement into one sentence
Legal English Definite compositional pattern Usage of passive voice Usage of modal verbs which distinguish between obligation and discretion
Legal English Usage of words in their logical dictionary meaning, no room for contextual meaning Absence of any emotiveness Special system of clichés, set expressions, legal terms
Legal English Affidavit Agency agreement Certificate of incorporation Airways bill Authorization of agent Bid of tender letters Bill of ladding Certificate of Free Sale
Legal English Commercial agreement Commercial certificate Employment letter Marriage/divorce/death certificate Medical report Packing List Power of Attorney Purchase or sale agreement
Legal English Real Estate and Property Documents Registration of partnership, corporations or joint ventures Sole distributorship To whom it may concern Trade Mark registration Translation document Will
Legal English Plain Legal English Campaign 1963
Legal English abbreviations International commercial terms INCOTERMS
Legal English INCOTERMS the point of deliverance EXWork EXShip EXQuay
Legal English INCOTERMS the way of deliverance FOB FOR FOT FOB Airport
Legal English Master Pattern for Contract Documents Supplement Order Conformation