The Relief of Ireland its Highlands Lowlands and

The Relief of Ireland, its Highlands, Lowlands and Mountains Nasyrova Elmaz

Ireland is an island in northwest Europe in the north Atlantic Ocean whose main geographical features include low central plains surrounded by a ring of coastal mountains.

The western coastline is rugged, with many islands, peninsulas, headlands and bays. Ireland is sometimes known as the "Emerald Isle" because of its green scenery, as can be seen in the left satellite image.

Politically, the island consists of the state, Ireland, which occupies about five-sixths of the island; and Northern Ireland, a constituent country of the United Kingdom, which occupies the remaining sixth. It has a total area of 84, 421 km 2. It is separated from Great Britain by the Irish Sea and from mainland Europe by the Celtic Sea. Ireland Great Britain, together with nearby islands, are known collectively as the British Isles; as the term British Isles is controversial in relation to Ireland, the alternative term Britain and Ireland is increasingly preferred.

The large central lowland is of limestone covered with deposits of clay and sand, with widespread bogs and lakes. The Bog of Allen is one of the largest bogs.

The coastal mountains vary greatly in geological structure. In the south, the mountains are composed of old red sandstone with limestone river valleys. In Galway, Mayo, Donegal, Down and Wicklow, the mountains are mainly granite, while much of the northeast of the country is a basalt plateau.

An area of particular note is the Giant's Causeway, in Antrim, a mainly basalt formation caused by volcanic activity between 50– 60 million years ago.

The Pol an Ionain cave, near Doolin, is the site of one of the world's longest known free-hanging stalactites.

Macgillycuddy's Reeks

Comeragh Mountains

Blackstairs Mountains

The highest peak is Carrauntoohil (Irish: Corrán Tuathail), which is 1, 041 metres above sea level.

Achill Island

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