The Practicalities Perils and Promise of RFID Joe

The Practicalities, Perils and Promise of RFID Joe Mc. Carthy Connector in Chief Interrelativity, Inc interrelativity. com 1 March 2006

Outline What is RFID? “It may be simple, but it’s not easy” What is it good for? “Identify any object anywhere automatically” What are the risks? “The innocent have nothing to fear” What is on/over the horizon? “The future is here, it’s just unevenly distributed. ” interrelativity. com 2

What is RFID? Energy Computer RFID Interrogator Clock RFID Transponder Data Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a generic term that is used to describe a system that transmits the identity (in the form of a unique serial number) of an object or person wirelessly, using radio waves. [RFID Journal] Si Coil Encapsulation RFID Transponder [Roy Want, Intel] interrelativity. com 3

“It’s simple, but it isn’t easy” interrelativity. com 4

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EPCglobal • TAGS • EPC • ONS • PML • Savant. TM • ALE RFID Electronic Product Code Object Name Service Physical Markup Language Distributed Operating System Application Level Events (devices, data, apps) Reader Remote Host Local Host Product Network Savant ONS PML Tag EPC interrelativity. com 6

Complications Tag size, shape, frequency Passive, semi-passive, active Distance, orientation RF interference (EMI) Other tags, readers Other sources of RF Metal, liquids, … Standards Patents Data Format Writeable tags Interoperability Tags, readers, backend systems, industries, countries Frequency Category Range 128 k. Hz LF Inches 13. 56 MHz HF Feet 915 MHz UHF Meters 2. 45 GHz ISO, EPC (Gen X, Class Y) Microwave Many Meters interrelativity. com 7

Costs Tags Passive: $0. 25 - $1. 00 Active: $10 - $50 Readers, Antennas Passive (UHF): $500 - $3, 000 Active: readers + signposts, $10 K+ Computers, networking, databases, … Training (mandatory, $10 K, 1 -2 weeks) Forrester Research estimate (for a $12 B consumer products company): $128, 000 for consulting and integration $315, 000 for the time of the internal project team $80, 000 for tag and reader testing interrelativity. com 8

RFID Market Today: $2. 7 B, 1. 8 B tags (500 M passive, 1. 3 B active) 2010: $12 B; 2016: $27 B, 1 trillion tags RFID vs. barcodes 5 -10 B barcodes / year To reach 10 B tags / year, need < $0. 01 / tag (2020) Requires new technology Source: IDTech. Ex Hitachi mu-Chip (0. 15 x 0. 0075) Philips (plastic) Etc. interrelativity. com 9

“Identify any object anywhere automatically” interrelativity. com 10

Supply Chain Item Pallet Case Transport Vessel / Vehicle Container interrelativity. com 11

Access Control Countries Buildings Ski resorts Containers interrelativity. com 12

Asset Tracking At school Livestock Salmon Pets On the bus Documents & Folders Beer & Wine Airline luggage interrelativity. com At the park 13

RFID in Healthcare Medications Equipment Patients Surgical sites Blood interrelativity. com 14

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Transactions Exxon. Mobil Speed. Pass Illinois Tollway I-Pass Master. Card Pay. Pass Am. Ex Express. Pay ASK @ Olympics SST Power. Pay interrelativity. com 16

“The innocent have nothing to fear” interrelativity. com 17

Risks Internet: aggregate electronic data RFID + Internet: aggregate physical world data (!) Tracking & tracing: people, places & things Item-level vs. supply chain Boycott. Benetton. com Boycott. Gillette. com interrelativity. com Boycott. Tesco. com 18

Hacks RFID Chips in Car Keys and Gas Pump Pay Tags Carry Security Risks Avi Rubin, et al. , Johns Hopkins University, 29 January 2005 http: //RFIDanalysis. org/ Adi Shamir Weizmann Institute How to Kill RFID Tags with a Cell Phone Scientific American Blog, 14 February 2006 interrelativity. com 19

Real ID Act Passed May 10, 2005 Effective 2008 National ID Card name, address, DOB, sex, digital photo, ID number "common machine-readable technology“ not necessarily RFID WA House Bill 2521 More info: interrelativity. com www. epic. org www. aclu. org www. schneier. com www. unrealid. com 20

RFID + children Sutter, CA, school district In. Com Corporation Name badges + RFID Notification vs. consent interrelativity. com 21

“The future is here, it’s just unevenly distributed interrelativity. com 22

RFID + Mobile Phones KDDI RFID readers Active & Passive NTT Do. Co. Mo n 901 i. C FOMA® Sony Feli. Ca chip (+ surround sound, card scanner…) interrelativity. com 23

RFID + Sensors Temp. Sens Up to 64 temp. readings Three modes Interval (2 sec – 18 hrs) Out-of-range events Out-of-range + max/min Shelf life: up to 18 months Applications: perishable food, drugs www. ksw-microtec. de interrelativity. com 24

RFID + Robots Kobe, Japan Mobility Support Project Utah State University Center for People with Disabilities interrelativity. com Fukuoka, Japan NTT + Tmsuk 25

RFID + People Veri. Chip (Applied Digital Solutions) ? Mexico Attorney General Spain Beach Club John Halamka, M. D. , CIO Harvard Medical School interrelativity. com Tommy Thompson Gov WI, Sec HHS, Applied Digital Cincinnati, OH 26

Amal Graafstra … coming up in a bit … interrelativity. com 27

Shameless Self-promotion interrelativity. com 28

RFID + Displays Proactive Displays: Large displays with sensors that can detect and respond to people nearby Promote awareness & interactions in shared spaces Online community physical community + + Online Profiles Physical Tokens (e. g. , RFID) = Large Displays interrelativity. com Better Real-world Interactions 29

Registration interrelativity. com 30

Anatomy of a Proactive Display Profile • Photo • Name • Organization • Title • “ticket to talk” image • “ticket to talk” caption Queue (people detected nearby) Sponsor (banner) interrelativity. com 31

Social Impact of Proactive Displays Learning about / meeting new people Learning new things about old acquaintances Saving face by displaying names (+ faces) interrelativity. com vs. 32

A Range of Connections Coming soon to an[other] event near you … interrelativity. com 33

Thanks! / Questions? For more information http: //interrelativity. com/rfid interrelativity. com 34