Скачать презентацию The Placebo Effect The Placebo Effect
Chapter 7 The Placebo Effect.ppt
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Скачать презентацию The Placebo Effect The Placebo Effect
Скачать презентацию The Placebo Effect The Placebo Effect
The Placebo Effect
The Placebo Effect • Refers to an improvement in symptoms as a result of medical treatment with an inactive substance or staged medical procedure. Ø Ø patient recovers without genuine medical intervention attributed to belief in the effectiveness of treatment belief mediates healing of symptoms cases reported since the early 20 th century
Dramatic Example: Knee Surgery • Doctor conducted controlled experiment on three groups of patients with knee pain. Ø first group: shaved off thin layers of damaged cartilage Ø second group: flushed out the knee joint and disposed of unhealthy tissue
Third Group • The surgeon simulated surgery by anesthetizing patients and making incisions. • No knee surgery was performed. • Patients were informed of staged operations two years later.
Results • Knee pain diminished significantly in all three groups. Ø no difference in the level of pain decrease in any one group Ø uniform results mediated by the placebo effect
Placebo Patient • Quoted as saying: “Anything is possible when you put your mind to it. ”
Research on Other Diseases • Depression is an area of major interest: Ø recent increase in use of antidepressants Ø critics claim that the $9. 6 billion industry is making profit on pills no more effective than placebos
Antidepressant Study • Psychology professor at University of Connecticut obtained hard data on clinical studies of six major antidepressants. • Concluded: Ø 80% of the effectiveness of antidepressants was due to the placebo effect.
Neuroscience • Neuroscientists have technology to determine the brain mechanisms responsible for the placebo effect. Ø Brain imaging techniques record events instigated by anticipation of symptom relief. Ø The body’s own pain relief center releases chemical to ease pain.
Other Studies • Parkinson’s disease: dopamine deficiency is a factor Ø Patients release dopamine upon ingesting a placebo.
The Body’s Capacity to Heal • Researchers conclude that the body has innate healing capacity. Ø invoked through the power of belief
Up Until This Point… • Doctors have invested therapeutic effort in drugs and surgery. Ø effective way in which to increase incomes
Скачать презентацию The Placebo Effect The Placebo Effect
Chapter 7 The Placebo Effect.ppt