The Old Southwest Frontier Alabama
After the American Revolution, many immigrants came to the United States seeking a better life. At this same time, many pioneer settlers began to move west from Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. Both of these groups wanted land for settlement. http: //xroads. virginia. edu/~MAP/TERRITORY/1800 map. html
The pioneers who came from these states came into Alabama along the Federal Road which had been an Indian trading pathway. Other settlers came into Alabama from Tennessee and Kentucky along the Huntsville Road.
These roads were rutted and passed through forests, over streams, and through Indian lands. In Letters from North America Written During a Tour in the United States and Canada written by Adam Hodgson, he described Federal Road this way: “…though tolerable for horses, would with us be considered impossible for wheels. ” http: //www. wetcanvas. com/Articles 2/11/210/
An excerpt from Vicissitudes in the Wilderness: the Journal of Peggy Dow who came to the Alabama frontier in 1810.
Excerpt from the digital collections of the Alabama Department of Archives and History http: //216. 226. 178. 196/cdm 4/item_viewer. php? CISOROOT=/voices&CISOP TR=1826&CISOBOX=1&REC=1
Most of these emigrant settlers were farmers seeking new lands with rich soil and long growing seasons.
Other settlers were merchants and craftsmen such as blacksmiths. They came to Alabama to make a living by supplying goods to the pioneers. Some of the settlers were doctors and lawyers who would provide needed services to the other settlers. http: //z. about. com/d/dc/1/7/x/K/Blacksmith. jpg
These settlers came in wagons, on horseback, and even on foot pushing their belongings in carts. Even when the settler came by mule- or oxdrawn wagon, only the very young and very old would ride in the wagon to make more room for the family’s possessions.
http: //216. 226. 178. 196/cdm 4/item_viewer. php? CISOROOT=/photo&CISOPTR=3975& CISOBOX=1&REC=1
The United States begin to survey the land it acquired at the end of the Revolutionary War and to sell this land to pioneer farmers. These farmers wanted land that was flat and had rich soil, so they built their homesteads in river valleys. Some of the farmers did not own the land they settled on because the United States had not surveyed the land or because the farmer was too poor to buy the land. These farmers were called squatters. http: //members. tripod. com/~Dream. Maker_3/Museum 2. JPG
Sketches made in 1827 and 1828 by Captain Basil Hall depicting two Creek Indians and a squatter. http: //216. 226. 178. 196/cdm 4/item_viewer. php? CISOROOT=/photo&CISOPTR=79 50&CISOBOX=1&REC=9
As the settlers came into Alabama, they began to occupy lands which belonged to the Native Americans. These lands provided their basic needs of food, clothing, and shelter. How will the Native Americans who were living on the land of frontier Alabama feel about these settlers?
Bibliography Atkins, Leah, and Jackson III, Harvey. Alabama: The History, Geography, Economics, and Civics of an American State. 1 st. Montgomery, Alabama: Crystal Clear Press, Inc. , 2005. Print. Alabama Department of Archives and History. Digital Collections http: //www. archives. alabama. gov/
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