The Mood of the 1950 s Angela Brown

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The Mood of the 1950 s Angela Brown Chapter 27 Section 2 1

Comfort and Security Youth Culture • “Silent Generation” – little interest in the problems and crises of the world • More kids in school due to strong economy. • More leisure time to organize parties and pranks joining fraternities and sororities. 2

• Businesses marketed products directly to youth. • Ads and movies helped build an image of what it means to be a teenager. • Girls bobby sox and poodle skirts – boys in letter sweaters = conformity 3

http: //www. diddamsonline. com/images/pe 400117. jpg 4

Resurgence in Religion • New interests in religion in response to Cold War struggles against “godless communism” – hope to face threat of nuclear war. • 1954 Congress added words “under God” to Pledge of Allegiance. • 1955 “In God We Trust” on all currency. 5

• could call Dial-a-Prayer • Slogans “The family that prays together stays together” • Evangelists on TV and radio • End of 1950 s – 95% Americans felt linked to some formal religious group 6

Billy Graham • Billy Graham – Charlotte, North Carolina • 1939 ordained as a Southern Baptist minister • Joined youth for Christ to minister to young soldiers during WWII • Gained widespread recognition at Crusades in Los Angeles (8 weeks); New York (16 weeks 7

http: //www. law. harvard. edu/students/orgs/forum/graham. jpg 8

• Known as fundamentalism’s chief spokesperson • Televised crusades, published sermons, stated magazine Decision, wrote 18 books, frequent guest at White House • 1996 awarded Congressional Gold Medal 9

Men’s and Women’s Roles • Men – school, job to support wife and kids – public sphere, judged by what they could buy • Women – play supporting role for husband, keep house, cook, raise children, PTA, campfire girls, charity causes, exercise twice a week to maintain size 12 figure • Pediatrician Dr. Benjamin Spock stated mothers should stay home with children. 10

http: //www. voanews. com/specialenglish/Archive/images/ Dr. %20 Benjamin%20 Spock_visualhistory_freewebpages_ 02 Oct 04_150_se. jpg http: //www. yale. edu/rowing/media/Spock. jpg 11

• Many women of 1950 s married with children held paying jobs • 24% of all married women jobs to pay for “the good life” • By 1960 – 31% worked – married women with jobs outnumbered single women beginning in WWII 12

Challenges to Conformity • 1955 – film Rebel without a Cause – captured feelings of alienation • James Dean became a teen idol and film legend. http: //www. cch. unam. mx/historia genda/11/componentes/James% 20 Dean. jpg 13

• 1951 – The Catcher in the Rye – J. D. Salingertroubled by hypocrisy of “phonies” struggle against pressure to conform http: //www. everyobject. net/data/5 e 02 eeee 69 c 8224 a 0260 f 3 2 e 41128 b 18/raw 5 e 02 eeee 69 c 8224 a 0260 f 32 e 41128 b 18. jpg 14

• 1953, Alan Freed, a radio disc jockey in Cleveland, Ohio began playing rock and roll – Chuck Berry, Bill Haley, and the Comets, Little Richard, and Elvis Presley http: //www. onestientertainment. com/pages/chuck_berry_promo. jpg 15

Elvis Presley 16

• Adults disliked the new music; feared a rise in immorality. • Made efforts to ban rock concerts and keep records out of stores. • “Beat Generation” – called beatniks stressed spontaneity and spirituality • Challenged traditional patterns of respectability, more open sexuality and use of illegal drugs, met in coffee houses. 17

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