The London Low Emission Zone Nick Fairholme Head

The London Low Emission Zone Nick Fairholme Head of London LEZ Transport for London

Outline of Presentation • Background • Air quality in London • LEZ proposals and consultation • Projected impacts • Key next steps and further information

Air Quality in London • Air pollution is a serious problem in London - 1, 000 premature deaths per year - 1, 000 hospital admissions per year • Affects most vulnerable parts of society • Majority of Londoners concerned about poor air quality and want to see it improved • Particular problems with emissions of particulate matter (PM 10) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) • Worse in central London, main roads, Heathrow • Road traffic major source of emissions

Projected NO 2 concentrations in 2008

LEZ Scheme Order proposals as consulted upon (Nov ‘ 06 – Feb ‘ 07) • Objectives: - reduce vehicle emissions - improve human health • Scheme to cover whole of Greater London, operating all day, every day • ‘Charging scheme’ as opposed to a ‘ban’ • Targeting PM, potentially extended to NOx • Diesel engine trucks, buses & coaches from early 2008 • Diesel engine heavier vans and minibuses from 2010

LEZ Scheme Order proposals as consulted upon (Nov ‘ 06 – Feb ‘ 07) • A standard of Euro III for PM from 2008 • A standard of Euro IV for PM from 2012 • Non-compliant vehicles to pay substantial daily charge: £ 100 – £ 200 • Enforced by fixed and mobile cameras • Non-payers to receive daily penalty charge: £ 500 – £ 1000

LEZ Scheme Order consultation – Summary of responses • 1900 public, 5550 business, 100 stakeholder responses • Majority of public and stakeholder respondents (70%) supported LEZ • Business respondents more divided with 47% supporting and 45% opposing • Attitudinal survey provided broadly similar results • Key issues emerging: - principle of LEZ - business sector / micro-economic impacts - discounts and exemptions

Mayoral Decision on Scheme Order – May 2007 – Made explicit that motor caravans, ambulances and heavier hearses included within scope of LEZ – Exemption for historic vehicles, those manufactured before 1973, extended to include those used for ‘commercial’ purposes – A 100% discount for showman’s specialist vehicles, with equipment permanently fitted as part of the ride of the show – A modification to make clear the circumstances in which a vehicle not manufactured to the relevant Euro standard for all four regulated pollutants may drive in the LEZ without charge (e. g. where they have received a Reduced Pollution Certificate) – Some small changes to the boundary of the scheme to allow for diversion routes and to address local concerns – The inclusion of the M 1, M 4 and M 4 Heathrow Spur, which the Secretary of State for Transport approved.

What would the LEZ achieve? • Reductions in tonnage of PM 10 and NOx emitted • Reductions in areas of London exceeding UK air quality objectives / EU limit values • Range of health benefits: - gains in life expectancy - reductions in premature deaths - reductions in hospital admissions - reductions in respiratory problems • Other non-health benefits, including reductions in buildings damage and small noise reductions

Projected Air Quality Impacts § 2008 proposals (trucks, buses & coaches Euro III for PM) would reduce area of London exceeding: - annual mean PM 10 objective by some 5. 8% - daily mean PM 10 objective by some 7. 4% - annual mean NO 2 objective by some 3. 7% § 2012 proposals (trucks, buses & coaches Euro IV for PM & heavier vans & minibuses at Euro III) would reduce area of London exceeding: - annual mean PM 10 objective by some 16. 2% - 24 hour mean PM 10 objective by some 14. 7% - annual mean NO 2 objective by some 15. 6%

Projected PM 10 reductions in 2012

Projected NO 2 reductions in 2012

Monetised Health Benefits 2008 - 2015 • Estimated health benefits - using Defra methodology: - some £ 80 - £ 120 million inside London - some £ 80 - £ 120 million outside London • Estimated health benefits - using EU methodology: - some £ 150 - £ 390 million inside London - some £ 90 - £ 250 million outside London

Key Next Steps • June ’ 07 LEZ enquiries service and operator information campaign • July ’ 07 DVLA mail out to operators and LEZ registrations • Aug ’ 07 VOSA commence LEC / RPC tests to support LEZ • Oct ’ 07 LEZ payments commence and keepers of non-compliant vehicles observed in LEZ mailed • Feb ’ 08 Scheme starts for trucks >12 t (Euro III) • July ’ 08 Scheme starts for trucks <12 t, buses & coaches (Euro III) • Oct 2010 Scheme starts for heavier vans & minibuses • Jan 2012 Standards tightened for trucks, buses & coaches (Euro IV)

Further Information Phone: 0845 607 0009 Email: lezlondon@tfl. gov. uk Web: www. tfl. gov. uk/lezlondon