The Internet COM 366 Web Design & Production
Brief history • Internet began as nationwide network for Department of Defense in 1960 s – Expanded to universities in 1980 s • Used for e-mail, transferring files • HTML created in late 1980 s – Hypertext Markup Language – Tim Berners-Lee
• First Web browsers were text-only – Gopher developed in early 1990 s • Mosiac created at U of I in 1993 – First graphics-based browser – Allowed images, sound, video – became Netscape in 1995
Servers • Interconnected computers – Have special server software • Used to transfer files over the Internet • IP address – Each server has a unique IP address • Set of numbers (192. 12. 248. 73) – Corresponding domain name • www. ilstu. edu
• Client – Your computer, which connects to a server – Displays files Server Client (your computer) Internet
URLs • Uniform Resource Locator • Web address http: // www. ilstu. edu /~jaglasc/COM 366 /schedule. html protocol domain name pathname filename
• http – Hypertext transfer protocol – Language servers use to communicate • Index files – Index. html – Default file – What the server looks for when no file name is supplied
HTML • Stands for Hypertext Markup Language • Text-only document – ASCII file • Language that browsers read – Special tags with angle brackets – <i> text </i>
Web browsers • Like Netscape or Explorer • Computer (client) software that displays html documents • View source
Setting up a Web site • Transfer html files from your computer to server • FTP – File transfer protocol – Fetch for Macs, WS_FTP for PCs – Go online, then launch – Then upload the file(s)
Server B Fetch (FTP) A Your computer C Internet
Server space • Free space – geocities, yahoo – Require ads • ISPs – Internet service providers – Earthlink, America Online – Offer limited space, inexpensive – No domain name
• Professional hosting services – Hosts your site – Do not provide Internet access • Not a dialup service – Can get your own domain name – Offer more storage space
Domain names • Used instead of IP • Categories – – . commercial/business. education. org nonprofit organization. government agencies • Registration – Usually hosting company can do it – Network Solutions • Request a domain name • Give them server’s IP numbers
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