The International Plant Exchange Network (IPEN) B. van den Wollenberg , W. Lobin, M. von den Driesch, F. Klingenstein, Maïté Delmas, Thierry Helminger, Kari Laine, Frank Schumacher, Steve Waldren on behalf of the BGCI/IABG-Consortium of Botanic Gardens in the EU Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
Do we need IPEN? Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
The Convention on Biological Diversity has been signed by 188 parties (countries), including all EU-countries. Most notable non-party: USA Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
Your government has signed the CBD. This means it has the same status as your laws; the gardens in your country have to implement the CBD! Most botanic gardens have not been informed by their government about the obligation to implement the CBD. Why not? Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
Unlike CITES, the CBD lacks an operational chapter, detailing how it should be implemented. The parties have been discussing that since the CBD came into force, on december 29, 1993. Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
An essential difference with CITES is that each country has sovereignty over its biodiversity, and can implement the CBD nationally, by laws or other means. Imagine 188 countries, each with different laws! Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
There as basically two views: 1: Implementation through legal means (megadiverse countries). 2: Implementation by self-imposed non-legally enforced mechanisms (the developed countries). Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
In Johannesburg (WSSD – 2002 -) it was agreed to strive for implementation through an “International Regime“. Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
International certificate of origin / source / legal provenance will probably become part of the International Regime (“tracking“) Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
How does the CBD affect us? Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
Article 15, on Access and Benefit Sharing, is of key importance, since it applies to all exchanges of biodiversity (in our case plant material). Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
At a workshop convened by the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation and Bonn Botanic Garden, nine problems were indentified. three of these are very important for botanic gardens: Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
§“Over-restrictive ABS regulations have created extra levels of bureaucracy that impede basic research, sustainable use, and research on economic use and attached benefits“ § “Distrust associated with the commercial sectors is affecting CBD implementation by the non-commercial research community“ § “Examples of national legislation in South America showed that current conditions for basic research and conservation are especially restrictive in some megadiverse countries“ Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
For the scientific community, the Swiss Academy of Sciences has published an ABS manual www. scnat. ch / abs@scnat. ch Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
Do we need IPEN? Yes, we do! Botanic gardens need to demonstrate their commitment to the CBD to CBD countries in order to maintain credibility and access to their biodiversity Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
The International Plant Exchange Network (IPEN) • model of implementation of the CBD by Botanic Gardens • covers the exchange of plant material for noncommercial purposes between Botanic Gardens • developed by the Association of Botanic Gardens in Germany, adopted by the EU Consortium of Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
The International Plant Exchange Network (IPEN) Ø for botanic gardens Ø for non-commercial purposes Ø according to the CBD Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
IPEN-assumption 1: seed exchange is the main source for BG’s Dimension of seed exchange for the 95 BG‘s in Germany p. a. receipt of seeds: 79. 983 supply of seeds: 260. 010 326. 000 transactions 3. 400 per garden BG’s depend extensively on regular access from ex-situconditions Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
IPEN-assumption 2: limited capacity Most BG’s are small gardens with limited staff capacity Bonn Botanic Gardens: 13, 5 ha 10. 200 taxa 1 scientist (= all-round manager)
Fundamentals of IPEN UNIFIED POLICY (Code of Conduct) to meet the provisions of the CBD in receiving, storing, and supplying plant material and on Benefit-Sharing including Material Transfer Agreements (MTA’s) to be used for exchange with institutions NOT sharing this policy free exchange only for NON-COMMERCIAL purposes free exchange only between BOTANIC GARDENS including pre-CBD-material (advised) Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
International Plant Exchange Network (IPEN) UNIFIED POLICY (Code of Conduct) for all participating gardens: only for NONCOMMERCIAL use terms BG 1 = BG 2 = BG X. . . BG 1 only for BOTANIC GARDENS BG 2 Co. O BG X Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
Scope of the IPEN Code of Conduct • acquisition of plant material • introduction of material into IPEN • minimum documentation requirements to enable tracking of plant material (certificate of origin / source / legal provenance • supply of material to IPEN-members (simplified exchange) and to non-IPEN-members (Material Supply Agreements !) • Benefit Sharing Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
“doc max” “doc min” = documentation sheet for plant material entering IPEN = minimum set of data to be documented IPEN-Number: country code, restrictions, acronym of inst. , accession N° IPEN-Number taxonomic data terms of Co. O or other stakeholders type of material Co. O source (collector, Co. O etc. ) permits terms of Co. O or other stakeholders Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
Botanic Gardens and Benefit Sharing Botanic Gardens are not using their collections commercially, but: CBD requires also non-commercial Benefit Sharing, but there already exists a long tradition of non monetary Benefit Sharing such as: Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
Experiences with Benefit Sharing Cooperation of the Botanic Garden University of Vienna with Tsimbazaza (Madagascar) with respect to Orchids Exchange of staff with the Botanic Garden Hamburg with respect to a project on Dahlia in Mexico Cooperation of the Botanic Gardens Bonn and Munich with Botanic Garden Tbilissi, Georgia; staff exchange, common excursions, labelling of plants Support of Indonesian Botanic Gardens in conservation of Amorphophallus titanum by Bonn Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
Implementation of IPEN gardens declaring the adoption of the Code of Conduct get registered (BGCI) the list of registered gardens is made available via internet after 5 years, the procedure of adoption must be renewed the overall idea is to establish a similar procedure as CITES with their “registered institutions” Botanic Gardens Conservation International German Regional Office Bonn University Botanic Gardens
Slide provided by Thierry Helminger, MNHN, Luxembourg Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
`You can find more information on the website of BGCI: www. bgci. org/abs • Access & Benefit Sharing • The Principles • IPEN lead >>>> Description of IPEN, Code on Conduct, IPEN membership list, and Frequently asked Questions (FAQ’s) Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
Please join IPEN as soon as possible! Thank you for your attention Botanic Gardens Conservation International Dutch Regional Office
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