The International Magnetic Measurement Workshop Scope History Challenges

The International Magnetic Measurement Workshop Scope, History, Challenges and Introductory Remarks Stephane Sanfilippo 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 1

Outline • Spirit of IMMW • IMMW: A bit of history…and statistics • Future challenges (very short and non exhaustive overview) • IMMW 19 -introductory remarks 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 2

Spirit of IMMW’s From MMW 1 1981 (34 years ago) in Los Alamos…. . A. Harvey & B. Berkes …. . to IMMW 19 2015 in NSRRC A Workshop… “open to all professionals in the field of magnetic measurements. It consists of presentations by and discussions among the participants concerning current technology in magnetic field measurements. Topics often involve but are not limited to magnets with accelerator applications” Knud. N. Henrichsen http: //henrichsen. ch/magnet/immw. htm • Openness & flexibility • Professionalism & expertise • Discussions and exchanges (“informal discussions”) • Magnets , field measurements, accelerators 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 3

A bit of history The “early times” (1981 -1989) 1991: History begins (slides & projector) MMW-1 Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), IMMW-7 (GSI) , Darmstadt, Germany, June 1991 Los Alamos, New Mexico, February 1981 IMMW-8 SSC, Waxahachie, Texas, September 1993 MMW-2 LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, May 1982 IMMW-9 Saclay (CEA) , France, June 1995 MMW-3 Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research (SIN IMMW-10 Fermilab, Illinois, October 1997 now PSI), IMMW-11 BNL , New York, October 1999 Villigen, Switzerland, September 1983 IMMW-12 ESRF Grenoble, October 2001 MMW-4 Swiss Institute for Nuclear Research (SIN IMMW-13 Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), now PSI), MMW-5 Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) New York, September 1987 IMMW-6 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) , Berkeley, California, September 1989 “History & perspective of IMMW’s” by Louis Walckiers, IMMW 17 “A brief history of magnetic measurement” Metrolab e-letter 7 (March, 2012) 26/10/2015 California, May 2003 IMMW-14 CERN Geneva, September 2005 IMMW-15 Fermilab, Illinois, August 2007 IMMW-16 Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Villigen, Switzerland, October 2009 The era of the 5 days workshop IMMW-17 Alba, Barcelona, September 2011 IMMW-18 BNL , New York, June 2013 IMMW 19 NSRRC-Hsinchu, Taiwan October 2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 4

IMMW’s (statistics) § Always a very enthusiastic response though the “inflation” of workshops and conferences-Registered participants between 60 -80 since 1987! § Number of presentations between 40 and 50 since IMMW 8 (1993)! § Workshop always supported by several sponsors (between 3 and 6)! 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 5

Objectives/ topics Topics • magnetic measurements overview, performance and results • magnetic measurements techniques • measurement devices • magnetic measurements analysis and magnetic models • • Exchange and constructive discussions • Training survey, alignment and fiducialisation • Information (Status, Progress, challenges) magnetic measurement procedures , calibration and diagnostic tools • • software related to magnetic measurements • Objectives accuracy limits 26/10/2015 (Tutorials –Sunday 25 October at IMMW 19) International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 6

Example 1: Magnetic systems for new challenges Survey antenna Search coils Accurate three-axis Probes Hall. Cube J. Billan, IMMW 9 -1995 SSW system A. Jain, IMMW 10 -1997 D. Popovic, IMMW 14 -2005 And many others… Vibrating wire Ch. Wouters, IMMW 19 -2015 In-vacuum ID Magnetic Meas. system A. Temnik, IMMW 12 -2001 Oscillating wire J. Di. Marco, IMMW 10 -1997 26/10/2015 C. Petrone, IMMW 17 -2011 J. Chavanne, IMMW 16 -2009 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 7

Example 2: Measurements in LHC magnets CERN SSW system Magnetic Measurement Strategy Decay/snap-back at injection IMMW 12 -2001 Digital integrator at CERN L. Walckiers, IMMW 14 -2005 G. Deferne, IMMW 14 -2005 Similar to systems used at FNAL and Desy Experience from measurements in Tevatron dipoles (FNAL) Information exchange Collaboration and Synergy (institutes-indus. Partners) A. Masi, IMMW 14 -2005 Proposal at IMMW 7 (1991)-Experience from SACLAY and Fermilab design 26/10/2015 FIDEL- CERN Keys of the success International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 L. Bottura, IMMW 16 -2009 8

Some challenges for next magnets & measurements 4 th generation of storage ring light sources; The search for ultra-low emmittance (100 ppm. . 10 ppm) Multi-bend achromat lattices : 2 BA→ 7 BA (Taiwan Light Source, ESRF-2, Max-IV, SLS 2. 0…) , 7 BA should have ~40 x lower emittance than 2 BA Small spacing between magnets (few cms)→ cross talk measurements Strong (≥ 3 T), curved combined-function dipoles →Measurement and alignment not simple! Small bore : ~12 mm bore radius seems workable for several projects Energy cost saving : Permanent magnets, superconducting magnets M. Borland U 15 (PSI) Insertion devices for future light sources Long undulators (4 -5 meters) & small gaps (few mm) Superconducting Undulators (SCU) provide real performance enhancement • Much higher fields for a given period and gap • Superconductor has better radiation hardness w. r. t permanent magnets Developments in ANKA, APS , LBNL, Taiwan Light Source… Systems for series measurements and optimization (shimming) in the vacuum chamber (~ 200 -250 mm diameter) (field integrals, phase measurement techniques) 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 SCU 0 (16 mm), APS 9

Some challenges for next magnets & measurements (2) Future circular colliders : pp and ee+ high-energy frontier machines (100 Te. V pp-collider at CERN, Supercollider pp and ee+ in China- Cep. C/Spp. C project) Very high magnetic field : ≥ 16 T (Nb-Ti & Nb 3 Sn & HTS hybrid magnets) Magnet dimensions: Long magnets but. . reduced aperture for cost reduction (40… 50 mm) Field quality : How to cope with high persistent currents in Nb 3 Sn and HTS? (ex: 50 mm sub-elements lead to a magnetization wire DM(1. 9 K, 0. 5 T) ≈ 600 m. T) L. Bottura Linear collider demands International linear collider (500 Ge. V), CLIC (3 Te. V) Large quantity of magnets: For example bout 70000 NC and PM magnets for CLIC Beam delivery systems: alignment and positional stability to the level of few tens of nm Gantry magnets for proton and carbon therapy Projects using superconducting dipoles and quadrupoles (NIRS, PSI) Large GFR: Aperture with a diameter of 200 -300 mm Moderate lengths ( ~0. 5 m) and moderate fields ~3 T Curved magnets : Bending radius from 20° up to 120° Dynamic measurements: Field change between 0. 1 T/s up to 0. 5 T/s 26/10/2015 Combined function SC magnets National Institute of Radiological Sciences International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 10

Some challenges for next magnets & measurements (3) Future accelerators are very demanding projects, pushing magnet concepts, designs and materials to their (perceived) limits • Innovative designs and manufacturing process in compact and low-consumption magnets for mechanical stability and energy efficiency • New methods and devices to measure small gap and curved magnetic elements are needed • New fiducialisation procedures in particular for curved gradient dipoles • Strong synergy is required between: • • • 26/10/2015 Beam optics & operation teams Magnet designers Magnet manufacturers Cryogenic & vacuum experts Magnetic measurement crew International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 11

References IMMW’s • Web page of K. Henrichsen updated till IMMW 18 http: //henrichsen. ch/magnet/immw. htm • CERN Database for IMMW proceedings in EDMS (J. Garcia Perez- Juan. Garcia. Perez@cern. ch) • Talk of L. Walckiers at IMMW 17 : “History & perspective of IMMW’s” http: //immw 17. cells. es/presentations/Fri 04 -IMMW 17 -LWalckiers. pdf • Metrolab e-letter (2012): “A brief history of magnetic measurement” http: //metrolab. com/immw-celebrates-its-30 th-birthday-a-brief-history-ofmagnetic-measurement/ Next challenges • Workshop Beam dynamic meet Magnets (2013 - GSI) https: //indico. gsi. de/conference. Display. py? conf. Id=2352 • Workshop Beam meet Magnets and Undulators (Be. Ma 2014 -PSI) https: //indico. psi. ch/conference. Other. Views. py? view=standard&conf. Id=3033 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 12

Committees: International and local (IMMW 19) International Advisory Committee (2015) v v v v Heiner Brueck (DESY) Marco Buzio (CERN) Josep Campmany (ALBA) Joel Chavanne (ESRF) Joseph Di. Marco (FNAL) Animesh Jain (BNL) Stephane Sanfilippo (PSI) Zack Wolf (SLAC) Local organizing committee of IMMW 19 v v v v v Ching-Shiang Hwang (Chair) Jui-Che Huang Ting-Yi Chung Cheng-Hsiang Chang Jyh-Chyuan Jan Chin-Kang Yang Becky Chu Shu-Shen Chang Ding-Ming Jang • Frequency : Workshop organized every two years, often linked with the International Conference on Magnet Technology • Duration : 5/6 days (since IMMW 17 -2011) • Program : Include visits of facilities and magnetic laboratories & culture tours • Participants: Institutes & University & industrial partners* *the C 3 Coherence (S. Russenschuck) 26/10/2015 International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 13

IMMW 19 Participants & Institutes CANADA (1) CHINA (6) INDIA (2) JAPAN (1) SLOVENIA (1) UK (1) 26/10/2015 SPAIN (3) USA (8) FRANCE (5) POLAND (1) GERMANY (9) RUSSIAN FEDERATION (1) SWITZERLAND (11) TAIWAN (8) 59 participants 14 Institute Nationalities 2 participants from India International Magnetic Measurement Workshop IMMW 19 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan 25 -30 October 2015 14

Scientific program A 6 day event Day 1 Sunday - a. m. Tutorials (Methods, Hall probe, Wires, coils) - p. m. Practical training on magnetic systems Day 2 Monday - a. m. Overview and MM general activities in laboratories. - p. m. Overview and MM general activities in laboratories Day 3 Tuesday - a. m. Magnetic measurement in Insertion Devices - p. m. New Technique and development in field measurements Day 4 Wednesday - a. m & p. m. Culture tour in TAPEI Day 5 Thursday - a. m. Wire based measurements - p. m. Hall probe p. m Laboratory tour (Banquet –evening) Day 6 Friday - Round table discussion (chairmen-participants) - Closure End of the workshop : Friday 30 October at 13 h 30.

Sponsors and support Thank you for your contribution and support

Have a nice & successful Workshop! We shall not cease from exploration And the end of all our exploring Will be to arrive where we started And know the place for the first time Thomas Stearns Eliot, USA & UK (26 September 1888 – 4 January 1965) Thomas Stearns Eliot in the Poem ‘The Four Quartets’ (Little Gidding-V)