The impact of firearm on public health in Brazil Luciana Phebo, MD, MPH ISER Small Arms Survey
Method • Source: – Mortality Information System (MIS), MOH – Hospitalization Information System (HIS), MOH – Census, IBGE • Categories for firearm injuries and deaths – ICD 9 th and 10 th version – Intentional, unintentional injuries and death – Unknown intention - correction
International Comparison (Firearm deaths and homicides - absolute numbers and rates) Year of Firearm Death Firearm Homicide Number of deaths % of homicides reference Rate /100 000 by firearm committed by firearms Colombia 2002 55, 7 51, 77 22 827 86% From: Centro de Referencia Nacional sobre Violência – Colômbia, 2002) South Africa 2002 26, 8 26 11 709 54% 25, 3 1 641 71% 64% From: South African Police Service (SAPS) -2002 El Salvador 2001 25, 8 From: PNUD, Armas de fuego y Violencia , 2003 Brazil 2002 21, 8 20, 8 38 088 2000 10, 4 3, 9 28 663 From: DATASUS United States From: HELP Network, 2000 and CDC 64%
Injury Deaths (%), Brazil 2002 N=126. 550
Timeline of Firearm Death Rate in Brazil
Firearm Death rates Unidades da Federação Taxas de PAF - 2000 0 -54. 5 4 - 16 74. . 16 74 - 32 44. . 32 44 - 58 79. . 58 79 - 149 48. . (1980) (1991) (2000)
Firearm death rate, per sex and age group, Brazil, 2002
Causes of Death (natural and external causes) in (%), 15 -19 year old males, Brazil 2002 N= 15, 764
Causes of death, 15 -19 year old males, in (%), Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, 2002 N= 886
Firearm death rate, per race/color Brazil 2002
Firearm injury by intent, Brazil 2002 Firearm death N=38, 088 Unintentional injuries Unknown intent Firearm wound admissions by intent N=19, 519 Unintentional injuries Unknown intent
Firearm wound admissions, by intent and age group, Brazil 2002
Firearm wound admissions, 0 to 14 years old, Brazil, 2002 N=1. 078 Unknown intent Unintentional injuries
Homicides, by method, Brazil 2002 N= 56, 795 Assaults and Homicides Attempts, by method, 2002 N=12. 004
Suicide method distribution, Brazil 2002 N=7, 726 Suicide attempt method, Brazil 2002 N=546 Poisoning
Firearm and motor vehicle hospitalization, by length of stay (days), Brazil 2002
Lethality proportion, by intent, Brazil 2002 Firearm unintentional
Discussion • Stray bullets • Firearm types
Challenges • Firearm injury surveillance (police, health, coroners) • Survey about prevalence of firearm
The use of data • Disarmament Statute • Popular referendum • Buy back campaign evaluation
• www. vivario. org. br Gracias Thank you Obrigada
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