The Global Village Globalization An Interconnected World

Marshall Mc. Luhan The Canadian who introduced the term “Global Village” Key Concepts: • technology is making the world seem smaller • we know more about what is going on in other parts of the world much more quickly (we sometimes know more about what is going on in far off places than in our local regions • trade and transportation has become much easier and more efficient Rizsanyi Guitars: In Tune With the World | News Releases | Government of Nova Scotia

Communication • Telephones • Cell Phones… 2008 SMART PHONES • Apple - i. Phone 5 - The thinnest, lightest, fastest i. Phone ever. • Internet – spread of information (literature, news, arts, sports, etc. ) • Media – Television, Radio

Goods, Foods, & Travel • We eat foods from all over the World. • We wear clothing and shoes produced in other countries. • We drive cars made in foreign countries. • We are able to travel around the World in a matter of days.

World Class Luthier George Rizsanyi Nova Scotia • Rizsanyi Guitars: In Tune With the World | News Releases | Government of Nova Scotia

Interconnectedness The decisions and events in our country affect the lives of people in other countries, just as the decisions and events in other countries affect us. For Example: The War in Iraq (2002 -2011) increased the World oil prices and our gas has become more expensive. Therefore less people are driving large vehicles, taxis and public transportation have become more expensive, and they have a greater demand on them. 2000 - 70 cents/litre

Where were your clothes made? • Take a look at the labels in your clothing and in those of the people sitting around you. • Label all of the places on the map and draw lines showing how you think they got to the point of purchase.

Assignment #1 IN THE NEXT FEW DAYS, LOOK AT YOUR CLOTHES AND WRITE DOWN THE PLACES YOUR CLOTHING IS MADE. As a class, we will collate trends!

Our findings: • • • • • • Sri Lanka- LDC Bangladesh-LLDC Cambodia-LDC China-LDC India-LDC Taiwan-MDC USA-MDC, Canada-ROOTS, STANFIELDS IN TRURO, Canada Goose Iran –LDC (HANDMADE) Pakistan-LDC Salvador, Spain-MDC France (expensive haute couture), Italian shoes Afghanistan (handmade) Mocassins (Mi’kmaq) Scotland (Kilt) Germany (Birkenstocks) Israel (NAOT) Vietnam-LDC Indonesia-LDC South Korea-MDC Japan-MDC Mexico (ADIDAS-GERMAN BUT MADE ABROAD)-LDC Honduras-LDC • High end DESIGNER ITEMS or speciality items are generally made in MDCs or nations like Afghanistan with unique cultural value Mass produced items come from LDCs usually. Most of them are in either Asia or Central America. “ASIA IS THE FACTORY TO THE WORLD” •

ASSIGNMENT #2 - “in class” • Mr Big Chocolate Bar • • Select a product that is sold in Canada that contains at least 4 ingredients that are produced outside of Canada. Research the ingredients on the web and find out who the major producers are of the ingredient. Give the rationale for why you think each of the 4 ingredients are produced in those countries. (Cost? Labor? Proximity? )

“Mr. Big” Ingredient Sugar Rice Cocoa Peanuts Soya (bean) Lecithin Parts of the World that Export the ingredient to Canada Africa Asia South America Caribbean China India Pakistan 75% Vietnam Thailand United States Ivory Coast 37% Ghana 19% Indonesia 14% Nigeria 6% Brazil 6% Cameroon 5% China 27% US 19% Argentina 14% Vietnam 12% US South America RAINFORESTS Other Refined in Canada Most of our rice comes from the US Where do you think most of ours come from? Why?

• • • • • • AIN'T IT THE TRUTH!!? Joe Smith started the day early having set his alarm clock (MADE IN JAPAN ) for 6 am. While his coffeepot (MADE IN CHINA ) was BREWING, he shaved with his electric razor (MADE IN HONG KONG). He put on a dress shirt (MADE IN SRI LANKA), GAP 1969 jeans (MADE IN SINGAPORE) and tennis shoes (MADE IN KOREA) After cooking his breakfast in his new electric skillet (MADE IN INDIA) he sat down with his calculator (MADE IN MEXICO) to see how much he could spend today.

• • • • • • • • After setting his watch (MADE IN TAIWAN) to the radio (MADE IN INDIA) he got in his car (MADE IN GERMANY) filled it with GAS (from Saudi Arabia) and continued his search for a good paying CANADIAN JOB. At the end of yet another discouraging and fruitless day checking his Computer (Made In Malaysia), Joe decided to relax for a while. He put on his sandals (MADE IN BRAZIL) poured himself a glass of wine (MADE IN FRANCE) and turned on his TV (MADE IN INDONESIA), and then wondered why he can't find a good paying job in CANADA.

GLOBALIZATION: PROS AND CONS • Globalization is one of the world’s most controversial topics at the beginning of the 21 st Century. • Pros: Increased knowledge of different cultures, ability to respond to global crisis situations quicker (Haitian earthquake), more economic resources going to countries that had previously been lacking investment and jobs (leading countries like China and India to have an increased standard of living/wealth). Increased access to technology and scientific innovations (medicine) in poorer nations.

• Cons: Many anti-globalization protesters worldwide (as seen in 2010 at Toronto’s G 8/G 20 summit destroying police cars and famous brand stores’ windows, “Battle of Seattle” Protests 1999) dislike the economic side of globalization that sees huge multinational corporations like The Gap, Nike and Wal Mart setting up or buying from factories in nations where workers are paid very low wages so that costs are kept low and profits are high. EXPLOITATION OF THE POOR BY THE RICH? • The Fair Trade movement has grown to address companies like Starbucks who have been accused of paying producers (eg. Coffee farmers) in poorer nations much less than what their product is worth (“Just Us Coffee” in Nova Scotia is Fair Trade Coffee). Starbucks is working towards remedying this issue. • It is also believed that globalization has led to poorer standards (e. g. lead paint in toys from China being recalled in western countries), increased pollution and global warming increases and a greater gap between the world’s rich and its poor. Also, increases in child labour and sweat shops in nations with no unions or environmental/employment laws.

• Some feel globalization leads to a more homogeneous, less interesting world where everyone eats Subway drinks Starbucks while using their i-phones wearing Nike and Gap clothing. American Culture becoming world culture! • The IMF (International Monetary Fund), the World Bank and the WTO (World Trade Organization) are usually targeted for allowing large corporations and governments to set up policies that allow the world’s rich to exploit the poor. The Occupy Wall Street movement against the wealthiest 1% of Americans is closely linked with the anti -Globalization movement.

“FAIR TRADE” • TEACHER WILL SHOW SOME INFORMATION TO YOU from cd rom disc.

A GLOBAL VILLAGE? • http: //www. miniature-earth. com/ • IF THE WORLD WERE A VILLAGE VIDEO. • 7 Billion, National Geographic Magazine – You. Tube

Third world has become an obsolete term and fourth world was rarely used

Assignment 700 -800 word essay DUE October 16 “Perhaps one of the most controversial topics at the beginning of the 21 st Century is Globalization. It raises much debate. ” • USE THREE ARTICLES YOU HAVE BEEN GIVEN (“What Is Globalization? ” “Child Labour” and “Why Is Globalization Controversial? ”) plus any video source we have seen to… • Discuss why this is and offer some evidence of controversies (cite some video sources that we see). • Do you support or disagree with Globalization? Why? • How could globalization be a better concept? Which reforms do you think could make it more positive? • If you are on an adapted program, see me for assignment.

“NO LOGO” • No Logo: No Space, No Choice, No Jobs: Naomi Klein: 9780312421434: Amazon. com: Books

GLOBALIZATION and Fair Trade IN THE NEWS AND DOCUMENTARIES • • • • • ANTI-GLOBALIZATION No. Logo Book Trailer (No Logo by Naomi Klein) – You. Tube Nike sweatshops - Try not to cry – You. Tube Freedom hero. Iqbal Masih – You. Tube Free The Children – Our Story THE CORPORATION [5/23] Case Histories - You. Tube UDHR: Plain Language Version Mike Daisey on Real Time with Bill Maher - You. Tube The Battle of Toronto(G 20 Protest) – You. Tube Battle of Seattle – You. Tube Fair Trade - The Story – You. Tube Trade campaign | Oxfam International Coldplay's Chris Martin for the Make Trade Fair campaign – You. Tube Make Trade Fair: Chris Martin – You. Tube Chris Martin in Ghana - You. Tube Just Us! Coffee Roasters Co-op Watch Documentaries Online | Promote Documentary Film | Global Village or Global Pillage? PRO GLOBALIZATION http: //www. ted. com/talks/lang/en/alex_tabarrok_foresees_economic_growth. html

• The Negative Effects of Globalization • In order to cut down costs, many firms in developed nations have outsourced their manufacturing and white-collar jobs to Third-World countries like India and China, where the cost of labor is low. The most prominent among these have been jobs in the customer service field as many developing nations have a large English-speaking population - ready to work at one-fifth of what someone in developed world may call 'low-pay'. This has caused a lot of resentment among the people of developed countries, and companies have been accused of taking their jobs away. Another problem is that many Americans are not satisfied with the level of customer service that they are subjected to, and this has caused a lot of animosity among people and has added to the dissent that people already have against outsourcing. There are various schools of thought which argue that globalization has led to an increase in activities such as child labor and slavery. In countries with little or no accountability, corporations employing children can work smoothly by bribing the officials, which may result in an increase in illegal activities. Critics opine that globalization has resulted in a fiercely-competitive global market, and unethical practices in business is a by-product of this. Globalization may have inadvertently helped terrorists and criminals. At the heart of globalization is an idea that humans, materials, food etc. be allowed to travel freely across borders, but 9/11 was a ghastly reminder that people with evil intentions can use it as an opportunity and cause damage. It is not only the developed nations that are complaining about its negative effects, people in developing nations - where most of the industries have been set up, have their own set of reasons against globalization. They often complain that their cities have been reduced to garbage-dumps where all the industrial waste is accumulated and pollution levels are sky-high.

Fast food chains like Mc. Donalds and KFC are spreading fast in the developing world. People are consuming more junk food which has an adverse impact on their health. Apart from the health concerns, there is something else that globalization has been criticized for, and it is the accusation that it has opened floodgates for restaurants and eateries which are insensitive to the religious beliefs of the host nation. For example, a lawsuit had to be filed against Mc. Donalds in India, after it was accused of serving beef in their burgers. While the rich are getting richer, the poor are struggling for a square meal. If the current Occupy Wall Street protests are a reminder of how angry people are with the current set-up, then those who govern us should take notice, and work towards alleviating poverty. Ideally, globalization should have resulted in creation of wealth and prosperity, but corporate greed and corrupt government has ensured that money is not distributed equally. When the first-known case of AIDS came up in America, only few would have traced its origin to Sub-Saharan Africa. Globalization bought people from various countries together, and this is perhaps the reason that a virus from a jungle was transported to almost every country in the world.

• Environmental degradation is an issue which has been debated ferociously in various international meetings, and it has to be accepted that globalization is one of the most important factors that has aggravated the situation. The amount of raw materials needed to run industries and factories is taking a toll on the natural reserves of planet earth, and pollution has severely impacted the quality of air that we need so very much for our survival.