The EU farm structure surveys from 2010 onwards

The EU farm structure surveys from 2010 onwards Hubert Charlier hubert. charlier@ec. europa. eu 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 1

A new Regulation concerning the agricultural census 2010 n Under discussion over the past 3 years and still to be adopted by the European Parliament and Council. n The main deal is + Increasing the list of items to cope with new needs - Reducing the frequency of the intermediate Farm Structure Surveys - Modular approach - Using administrative sources +/- Sampling (limited) 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 2

The new Regulation is organizing n The agricultural census 2010 n The SAPM 2010 (Survey on Agricultural Production Methods) n The FSS 2013 and 2016 (Farm Structure Sample Surveys) 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 3

Census 2010 A rebalanced list of characteristics n To better meet agri-environment, sustainable development and food safety concerns – Information on organic farming, GMOs, energy crops – Equipment for renewable energy – A separate module on production methods n To monitor the EU rural development policy – Benefits from rural development measures – Non agricultural gainful activities of the farmers (diversification) 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 4

List of characteristics 1. Location, type of tenure, farming system (EC certified of which organic farming) 2. Land (in particular irrigation, GMOs, energy crops) 3. Livestock 4. Equipment for renewable energy production 5. Labour force 6. Other gainful activities of the holding 7. Support for rural development 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 5

Other innovations n n Coverage Georeference Use of administrative sources Precision 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 6

Coverage n Holdings > 1 ha >= 98% of UAA and livestock >= physical thresholds n Activities with low prevalence 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 7

Physical thresholds Characteristics Threshold Utilised agricultural area 5 ha Permanent outdoor crops 1 ha Other intensive production - Fresh vegetables - Tobacco - Hops - Cotton 0. 5 ha Crops under glass 0. 1 ha Bovine animals Pigs Breeding sows 50 Heads Sheep 20 Heads Goats 20 Heads Poultry 24 October 2007 10 Heads 1000 Heads 10 Heads THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 8

Number of holdings per Member State in 2005 Country EU 27 Total number of holdings (1000) % holdings under physical thresholds Country Total number of holdings (1000) % holdings under physical thresholds 14 479 41 % LT 253 50 % BE 52 14 % LU 2 13 % BG 535 88 % HU 715 86 % CZ 42 47 % MT 11 85 % DK 48 1% NL 82 11 % DE 390 15 % AT 171 27 % EE 28 42 % PL 2 476 68 % IE 133 4% PT 324 48 % EL 834 37 % RO 4 256 88 % ES 1 079 20 % SI 77 53 % FR 567 18 % SK 68 88 % IT 1 729 49 % FI 71 7% CY 45 60 % SE 76 12 % LV 129 46 % UK 287 31 % 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 9

Georeference n To overcome the instability of the regional or municipality codes n Because data is required for input to GIS so that it can be overlaid with any other spatial data n Direct identification problem – If a latitude and longitude location contains only one agricultural holding, then the holding shall be attributed to a neighbouring location, so that at least two holdings are attributed to a given location 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 10

Use of administrative sources n Not only allowed ! n Promoted – To reduce the burden on farmers – For quality reasons n Transmission deadlines extended from 15 to 18 months n To be documented 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 11

A module on agricultural production methods linked to the Agricultural Census 2010 n n n Reference period = 2010 Quite ‘new’ characteristics May be a sample survey Separate sub-samples are allowed Micro-data to be combined with census data Data to be provided by 31. 12. 2012 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 12

Survey on agricultural production methods (SAPM) List of characteristics n Tillage methods n Soil conservation, actions against erosion and nutrient leaching n Landscape features n Animal grazing n Animal housing n Nutrients n Manure storage and treatment facilities n Plant protection n Irrigation (volume of water used ? ) 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 13

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Tillage methods ha Conservation tillage (low tillage) ha Zero tillage (direct seeding) 24 October 2007 Conventional tillage (mouldboard plough or disc plough) ha THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 14

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Soil conservation, actions against erosion and nutrient leaching Soil cover in winter ha Cover crop or intermediate crop ha Plant residues ha Bare soil Crop rotation Normal winter crop ha Arable area out of planned crop rotation ha Anti-erosion Terraces measures for arable land permanent Contour farming or herring bone farming crops Yes/No Permanently vegetated ditches or strips Other anti-erosion measures 24 October 2007 Yes/No THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 15

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Landscape features Hedges Yes/No Tree lines Yes/No Stonewalls Yes/No Linear elements established during the last 3 years, of which: 24 October 2007 Linear elements maintained by farmer during the last 3 years, of which: Hedges Yes/No Tree lines Yes/No Stonewalls Yes/No THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 16

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Animal grazing Grazing on the holding Area grazed during the last year ha Months per year Total number of animals grazing on common land Heads Amount of time when animals are grazing on common land 24 October 2007 Months per year Amount of time when animals are outdoors on bare soil or hard standing Common land grazing Amount of time when animals are outdoors on pasture Months per year THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 17

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Animal housing Cattle Places On straw beds (deep litter-loose housing) Places Other Places On partially slatted floors Places On completely slatted floors Places On straw beds (deep litter-loose housing) Places Other Places On straw beds (deep litter-loose housing) Places Battery cage (all types) Places Battery cage with manure belt Places Battery cage with deep pit Places Battery cage with stilt house Places Other 24 October 2007 Places On completely slatted floors Laying hens Places On partially slatted floors Pigs Conventional stable (stanchion-tied stalls) Places THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 18

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Nutrients Basis for decision on the use of nutrients Soil tests (carried out at least once during the last 3 years) Manure application techniques Application of solid / farmyard manure ha Of which: with immediate incorporation ha Total area ha Of which: with immediate incorporation or injection ha Application of slurry Percentage of the total produced manure exported from the holding 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS Yes/No % 19

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Manure storage and treatment facilities Storage facilities for Manure application techniques Solid dung Yes/No Liquid manure Yes/No […] Slurry: tank Slurry: lagoon 24 October 2007 Yes/No Solid dung Yes/No Liquid manure Yes / No Slurry Are the storage facilities covered ? Yes/No Yes / No THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 20

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Plant protection Type of plant protection methods applied Physical / mechanical Yes/No Biological Yes/No Chemical (preventive and curative) Yes/No Area on which the methods of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) are applied ha […] […] 24 October 2007 Total […] THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 21

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Irrigation (1) Average irrigated area the last three years ha Total cultivated area irrigated at least once during the previous 12 months Total ha Creals for the production of grain (excluding maize and rice) ha Maize (grain and green ha Rice ha Pulses ha Potatoes ha Sugar beet ha Rape and turnip rape ha Sunflower ha Textile crops (flax, hemp, other textile crops) 24 October 2007 Irrigated area ha THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 22

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Irrigation (2) Fresh vegetables, melons, strawberries-open field ha Temporary and permanent grass ha Other crops on arable land ha Fruit and berry plantations ha Citrus plantations ha Olive plantations ha Vineyards 24 October 2007 Total cultivated area irrigated at least once during the previous 12 months ha THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 23

SAPM list of characteristics Units/ Categories Characteristic Irrigation (3) Irrigation methods employed Yes/No Sprinkler irrigation Yes/No Drop irrigation Yes/No On farm ground water Yes/No On-farm surface water (ponds or dams) Yes/No Off-farm surface water from lakes, rivers or watercourses Yes/No Off-farm water from common water supply networks Yes/No Other sources Source of irrigation water used on the holding Surface irrigation (flooding, furrows) Yes/No Volume of water used for irrigation per year 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS M 3 per year 24

Precision categories for FSS 2010 and SAPM n Crop characteristics: – Cereals for the production of grain (including seed), comprising common wheat and spelt, durum wheat, rye, barley, oats, grain maize, rice and other cereals for the production of grain; – Potatoes (including early potatoes and seed potatoes) and sugar beet (excluding seeds); – Oilseed crops comprising rape, turnip rape, sunflower, soya, linseed (oil flax) and other oil seed crops; – Permanent outdoor crops comprising fruit, berry, citrus and olive plantations, vineyards, nurseries and other permanent outdoor crops; – Fresh vegetables, melons, strawberries, flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries); – Temporary grass and permanent pasture and meadow 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 25

Precision categories for FSS 2010 and SAPM n Livestock characteristics: – – 24 October 2007 Bovine animals (all ages); Sheep and goats (all ages); Pigs Poultry THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 26

Precision table for NUTS 2 regions with at least 10 000 agricultural holdings Farm structure surveys 2013 and 2016 Precision categories Prevalence of the characteristic in the NUTS 2 region Crop characteristics of the agricultural holding 7. 5% or more of the utilised agricultural area Livestock characteristics of the agricultural holding 7. 5% or more of the livestock units 24 October 2007 Survey on Agricultural Production Methods Relative Standard error Prevalence of the characteristic in the NUTS 2 region Relative Standard error < 5% 10% or more of the utilised agricultural area < 10% < 5% 10% or more of the livestock units < 10% THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 27

Precision table applicable when a NUTS 2 region has fewer than 10 000 agricultural holdings Farm structure surveys 2013 and 2016 Precision categories Prevalence of the characteristic in the associated NUTS 1 region with at least 1000 holdings Crop characteristics of the agricultural holding 7. 5% or more of the utilised agricultural area Livestock characteristics of the agricultural holding 7. 5% or more of the livestock units 24 October 2007 Survey on Agricultural Production Methods Relative Standard error Prevalence of the characteristic in the associated NUTS 1 region with at least 1000 holdings Relative Standard error < 5% 10% or more of the utilised agricultural area < 10% < 5% 10% or more of the livestock units < 10% THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 28

In line with FAO recommendations ? n n n Concepts and definitions Reference period Holding’s location Modular approach Items in the core module Items in the supplementary modules 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 29

Thank you for your attention Hubert Charlier hubert. charlier@ec. europa. eu 24 October 2007 THE EU FARM STRUCTURE SURVEYS FROM 2010 ONWARDS 30