The essentials of ESP methodology Created by Andrey Kuznetsov, owner of «LINGUISTISEDU INTERNET PROJECT» http: //linguisticsedu. ucoz. com/
Content of my presentation WHAT IS ESP? Absolute characteristics Variable characteristics Types of ESP FEATURES OF ESP COURSES Authenticity Research base Language/text Learning needs Learning methodology How to be good in public speaking in English language? Practical advices
WHAT IS ESP? Hutchinson and Waters (1987) define ESP as an approach rather than a product – meaning that ESP does not involve a particular kind of language, teaching material or methodology. The basic question of ESP is: Why does this learner need to learn a foreign language? The purpose of learning English became the core.
Absolute characteristics 1. designed to meet the specific needs of the learner; 2. related in content to particular disciplines or occupations; 3. centred on language specific to those disciplines or occupations; 4. in contrast to General English
Variable characteristics 1. be restricted in the skills to be learned; 2. not be taught according to a particular methodology.
Types of ESP English for Academic Purposes (EAP) English for Occupational Purposes (EOP) English for (Academic) Science and Technology (EST) English for (Academic) Medical Purposes (EMP), (English for Medical Purposes, English for Business Purposes – EBP
FEATURES OF ESP COURSES authentic materials purpose-related orientation self-direction
Authenticity The earliest concept to emerge from the development of ESP was that of authenticity. The first generation of ESP materials that appeared in the mid-1960 s took skills as their principal means of selection (Close, 1992). The underlying concept is that ESP teachers would need to establish the skills priorities of students in order to develop appropriate ESP teaching materials. As Close argues, the conception of authenticity was central to the approach taken to the reading skill.
Research base Halliday, Mc. Intosh and Strevens (1964) as Herbert (1965) or Ewer and Latorre (1969) The principal limitation of this approach was not its research base but its conception of text as register, restricting the analysis to the word and sentence levels as register was invariably defined in these terms. The procedure adopted for the analysis was twofold. The main structural words and nonstructural vocabulary were identified by visual scanning. For the main sentence patterns, a small representative-sample count was made.
Language/text Williams, 1988; Mason, 1989; Lynch & Anderson, 1991; Jones, 1990. Allen and Widdowson (1974).
Learning needs This should not be a surprise for each and every specific domain would impose its own needs, and it goes without saying that the needs required for a specific field and the methodology for serving these needs on the ground do not work with another field which would defiantly dictate its own requirements. All language teaching must be designed for the "specific learning and language use purposes of identified groups of students" (Mackay & Mountford, 1978). Thus, a systematic analysis of these specific learning needs and language-use purposes (communication needs) is a pre-requisite for making the content of a language programme relevant to the learners' needs
Learning methodology A truly valid approach to ESP would be based on an understanding of the processes of language learning. Hutchinson and Waters (1987) refer to this approach as the learning-centred approach and stress the importance of a lively, interesting and relevant teaching/learning style in ESP materials. In the context of a language programme that emphasizes the needs of the learners, anything but a learner/learning-centred syllabus and methodology is bound to create contradictions that will negatively affect students' perceptions of the programme
How to be good in public speaking in English language? Practical advices
Practical advice № 1 When you start the preparation for the presentation of the product of your company you should understand what you would like to present as a key idea of your public speech.
Practical advice № 2 When you start to work with a business presentation of your company you should follow the structure : 1. General information about the company 2. Some dates and facts about the history 3. Key figures in the company management 4. Departments and subsidiaries of the company 5. Services which present the company
Practical advice № 3 Don't forget about the time limit for one speaker/presenter on the conference (5 -7 minutes) and questions & answers time. (10 minutes). We highly recommend to write the full script of your future speech at the conference and to make notes about the key points of your speech (See Practical advice № 2).
Practical advice № 4 Your Powerpoint or Prezi Presentation should be only an outline of your speech, not the whole text on the screen only the key points and examples which illustrate your speech. (See example ).
Practical advice № 5 Repeat your speech in front of the mirror at home or retell your speech to your parents or friends. Do not learn it by heart. You can write down key phrases and key words on a piece of paper. They will help you to follow your оwn structure.
Conclusion of the practical part These advices helped me to present my course work «ICT technologies in Russian as a foreign language» at the conference «Information and Communication Technologies in Linguistics, ELT and Cross-Cultural communication» in 2014 at the Faculty of Foreign languages and Area studies. We think these advices help you to organise your presentation and English speech for conferences and meetings.
Bibliography. Teaching Foreign Language for Specific Purposes: Teacher Development Milevica Bojović, MA, lecturer Faculty of Agronomy Čačak, Serbia milevib@eunet. yu Course Team Dr. Nneka Umera-Okeke (Developer) – NOCOE, Nsugbe Dr. Nneka Umera-Okeke (Writer) – NOCOE, Nsugbe Dr. I. Omolara Daniel (Editor/Programme Leader) – NOUN Mr. Theodore O. Iyere (Course Coordinator) – NOUN Kuznetsov A. A. The essentials of English Language for Specific Purposes for PR-managers and practical advices for successful public speech on English Language. // Philology and literature. 2015. № 3 [Electronic journal]. URL: http: //philology. snauka. ru/en/2015/03/1313
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