The Engagement The problem in the Holy land, its roots and solution n Who are the Palestinians? n How many Palestinians live west of the Jordan? n Who are the refugees? n Compromises and disengagements complicate the situation – a change in direction is needed n "You cannot solve a problem with the same consciousness that created it” – Albert Einstein n The origin and numbers of the Palestinians negates separation and the two states solution n "Yes” to engagement and to one state solution 1
The Problem n The Holy land: a hub of violence in the world. n The Two-State Solution in the Holy land: won’t bring stability. n Continuation of the present situation in the Holy land: will increase violence. n An era of terrorism & proliferation of WMDs: A growing peril. 2
The Crisis – As an Opportunity n n n n Among the Jews Supporters of the Greater Israel Movement are in crisis and at a loss. Supporters of partition of Eretz-Israel demand the People of Israel hide their heads in the sand. To ‘let things ride’ is impossible because the situation is deteriorating into a brutal war. The corruption is the result of the absence of a genuine Zionist challenge replaced by pursuit of material personal goals. Among the Palestinians Supporters of FATAH have lost legitimacy and control. Supporters of HAMAS got the dream of their control in Greater Palestine dwarfed into the Gaza Strip. The Palestinian public-at-large knows that things have never been worse and looks back with yearning at Israel control. 3
Is there a way out of the present fix? Yes! But one must first understand the roots of the problem! 4
The Roots of the Problem A series of genetic research indicate a very close relationship between Palestinians and Jews!!! The following recognized and discussed Palestinians’ Israelite roots: German researchers (1860) Israel Belkind (1894) Lev Borochov (1905) David Ben-Gurion (1917, 1956) Yitzhak Ben-Zvi (1917 -1932) 5
Conclusions of primary Leaders of Zionism Belkind: The Arabs of Eretz-Israel are blood brothers of the Jews n Borochov: The Arab peasantry (Fellahin) of Eretz. Israel are offspring of the remnants of Hebrew farmers in antiquity. n n Ben-Gurion: The majority of the peasantry and their offspring in Eretz-Israel…undoubtedly have a lot of Jewish blood in their veins, [from] those simple Jewish farming folk who chose due to hard times chose to deny their religion to prevent being uprooted from their soil. n Ben-Zvi: Anthropological studies on the Jewish origin of the Palestinians 6
Why was nothing done about this at the time? n The Palestinians were the majority in western Eretz. Israel up until 1948. The People of Israel were busy in realizing the Ingathering of the Exiles Terrorist activity of foreigners to west of the Jordan The number of foreigners rose steadily up until 1948. The Holocaust, partition of Eretz-Israel and the flight of Palestinian refugees during the war curtailed the problem. Ben-Gurion sought to Judaize the Bedouin n Quantitative data was unavailable at the time! n n n 7
Today however… n n n Worsening circumstances demand changing the rules of the middle east “game” The People of Israel is adequately consolidated The Jews are a significant majority in the Holy Land Most of the foreigners fled with the refugees or emigrated New quantitative research with far-reaching ramifications exists: - Various genetic studies - Historio-geographic research - Historio-demographic research Rich set of first-hand collaborative evidence has been gathered One cannot continue to ignore the issue! 8
Genetic Studies Independent, on proximity of Jews & Palestinians n Relatively old study on blood groups, enzymes & antigens. n 1990 s sickle-cell anemia study n Studies on the Y chromosome published in 2000 (82% of the Palestinians are very close to the Jews!) n Immune system research published on 2000 n Study on DNA from Embryo Mitochondria n Hereditary deafness research (exclusive to the 2 sides!) 9
Proximity of Various populations 10
Customs, Names and Testimony (Already discovered among 50% of the Palestinians) n Sabbath and Hanukah candles, Tashlich, Yom Kippur, burial, mourning, circumcising, butchering, divorcing, 7 agricaltural species, Thfilin, hafrasht Khala, Bedouin Judgement, signs of mezuzahs, synagogues, menorah, books and Magen David. n n n Jewish family names Village names that have not been changed – evidence of continuity of population The word ‘kufur’ in names of ‘Arab’ villages is not Arabic The name Yahud el-Arab given to the Palestinians Testimony of Bedouin, Palestinian villagers and in towns in the West Bank, the Galilee, Wadi Ara, Gaza, Hebron, Nablus, Lod and more Palestinian leaders’ claims that “they and the Jews are ‘one people’ (King Feisal, Anton Atallah), ‘sons of the prophet Samuel’ (Arafat), descendents of the Early Christians (Ashrawi), non-Arabs (historians, Arafat) 11
Historio-Geographic Research Differentiations between two parts of the Holy Land: mountainous regions & lowlands The Holy Land as a ‘land bridge’ – major crossroad Exposed to frequent penetration from beyond the borders Most penetration concentrated in the coastal region Population exchange in the coastal region 12
The Geographic-Demographic Dimension n Differentiation between two types of movement of peoples: The movement of colonizing peoples vs. imperialistic peoples n Settlement movements – popular settlement – colonization n Imperialist movements – regime change, not population changes 13
The Israelite Settlement in the mountain Country (~1200 BCE) Only the Canaanites, the Philistines and the Israelites were colonizing peoples. Only the Israelites settled in the mountainous regions. Canaanites and Philistines settled only in the lowlands. All other peoples: Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Crusaders, Turks and British – were movements of imperialistic peoples. 14
Settlement in Eretz-Israel on the Eve of Zionist Settlement (1860 CE) In the Muslim Period (from the 7 th to the 19 th Century) primarily the lowlands were depopulated. The population that survived was primarily in the mountain regions. As a result: The first Zionists encountered a country that was largely a wasteland in the lowlands compared to populated areas in the mountainous regions. The conclusion: Most of the longtime population (75%) is in the mountainous regions and is of Israelite descent. 15
Settlement in the Holy Land in Modern Times Movement of people in the 19 th & 20 th centuries was primarily in the lowlands. Parallel to Zionist settlement, there was influx of foreigners from Arab countries. The violent confrontation between the sides was primarily in the lowlands. The inhabitants of the mountain regions were for the most part ‘outside the arena’. Result: Most foreigners fled from the lowlands & created the refugee problem. The Palestinian population that remained in the Holy Land was for the most part Descendents of the People of Israel (65% -85%) mainly dwellers of the mountainous regions. 16
The Roots - A Demographic Survey of the Demographic History of the Holy Land (based on integration of data from a host of sources) The People of Israel 2000 years ago (in millions) n 5. 5 (M) Jews in Eretz-Israel. n Samaritans: Israelites in Samaria – 0. 9 n Edomites and Moabites (converts – Brethren Israel): 0. 7 (e. g. Genuine Jews – 4. 8) n Others: 0. 2 small nations (Phoenicians, Philistines, Canaanites) and Romans n The People of Israel in Eretz-Israel: a 97% majority of 17
The Great Revolt (70 CE) n 2. 5 (M) were killed, and 2 (M) were exiled. n The People of Israel remained a 92% of the population – a huge majority. The Bar-Kokhba Revolt (135 CE) n 1 (M) Jews remained, 0. 3 Samaritans out of total 2. 8 population n 1. 3 Arabs n Only 46% were from the People of Israel, n Change of the name of the country from Judea to Palestina!!! 18
The Arab Conquest (640 CE) n Came after depopulation following the wars between the Parthians and the Byzantines n There was no Arab colonization in the Holy Land n 500, 000 Jews, 70, 000 Samaritan, 220, 000 small nations, 170, 000 Arabs, 700, 000 Roman Army! n Religious distribution: 500, 000 Religion of Israel, 45, 000 Islam, 1, 100, 000 (the overwhelming majority) Christianity n People of Israel 34% – lowest in history n In the first 400 years of Arab rule, only a small percentage accepted Islam. 19
The Key Point - the al-Hakem Edict (1012 CE) n Prohibition of non-Muslims to remain in the Holy Land n Most Christians leave, including most of the Arabs n Most of the People of Israel become Musta’arbim n People of Israel (670, 000) again become the majority – 73% 20
Damage of the Mameluk Period n Most of the Descendents of the Romans left or were previously killed n The People of Israel 95% of the population n Depopulation of the Holy Land begins in 1453 n Brethren of Israel (Descendents of the Moabites and Edomites) depart for Persia n Eastern Holy Land is totally empty n At the close of Mameluk rule (1517) there are only 150, 000 inhabitants in the country n Improvement under the Ottoman Turks brings back departees and doubles the population 21
Subdivisions (16 th Century) Movement Eastward (18 th Century) 22
1800 n n n n The People of Israel: 85% Brethren of Israel return from Persia while losing their identity Brethren of Israel infected with Persian extremism Arrivalof Israel hide their identity Desc. of foreigners (west) Brethren the. Israel are occupied Lands in of East move westward (Lowlands) Portion of Desc. of Israel move the eastward & north 1840 23
1914 West of the Jordan Only n n People of Israel among non-Jews: 74% Desc. of Israel reside in the Hill Country, far distant from most Jews Brethren of Israel feel threatened they will have to migrate due to the influx of the Jews Brethren of Israel engage in terrorism against Jews Up to 1948 – Prior to the Flight Influx of many Jews n Influx of Arab and Druze immigrants n Desc. of Israel return from the east, Syria and Lebanon n n People of Israel among non-Jews drops to 62% 24
1949 – After the Flight n n n Most of the flight (75%) – not initiated by Israel Most of those fleeing – Desc. & brethren of Israel from the east Arab refugees remained in West Bank & Gaza awaiting next war People of Israel among the non-Jews: 55% Number of refugees in West Bank inflated by 700%, Gaza 200% Number of inhabitants in West bank & Gaza inflated by 100+% 1967 n n Number of inhabitants in West Bank & Gaza inflated by 170% using documents of deceased and departees Flight of many Arabs and Roman Desc. from West Bank. People of Israel rises to 71% The Israeli census decreased population inflation to 140% 25
By the close of 2008 n n n n Emigration of most Arabs – gave up hope of defeating Israel (after 1967 & 1973 wars) Increased birth rate among Brethren of Israel – part of their struggle The number of Palestinians inflated by 2 millions Genuine number of Palestinians, including Israeli ‘Arabs’: 3. 2 million (5. 6 million Jews) Desc. of Israel - 1. 6 mil. , Brethren of Israel – 1. 3 mil. , Arabs - 90, 000 People of Israel among the Palestinians 89. 5% Most of the Palestinian refugees are foreign to land west of the Jordan 26
The Finding is Supported from 7 directions n n n n Genetic, based on various studies (82%); Religious behavior, based on Palestinians customs related to religious practice (Ben-Zvi and others); Linguistic and nomenclature, Arabic dialect, names of villages and families (Condor, Ben-Zvi); Palestinian traditions, according to testimony, claims and narratives of many Palestinians as to their origins (Ben-Zvi and many others); Historio-Geographical (Elon Yarden 65%-85%) Historio-Demographic (Tsvi Misinai 89. 5%) National-Territorial, the uniqueness of the conflict 27
Physicist David Bohm: “The notion that all these fragments are separately existent is evidently an illusion, and this illusion cannot do other than lead to endless conflict and confusion. Indeed, the attempt to live according to the notion that the fragments are really separate is, in essence, what has led to the growing series of extremely urgent crises that is confronting us today. ” 28
The Solution is Self-Evident One State for One People 29
David Ben-Gurion: n The common origins of Jews and Palestinians carries the keys to a future solution to the problem of the Holy Land! n To live in Israel without believing in miracles is impractical! ______________________________________________________ n In reality: Among the 50% with witness on Jewish or Israelite origin there is a desire to rejoin!! 30
The Real Just ‘Right of Return’: The Return of the Palestinians to the People of Israel n n n n Return to Jewish-Israeli nationality, without religious coercion, in accordance with halacha in the Holy Land Return via ulpans to master the Hebrew language, Jewish culture, the history of the Holy Land, the Bible and exposure to Jewish traditions. Such schooling will enable Returnees to integrate as First Class Citizens. Gradual reincorporation of tens of thousands a year over a 30 year period. Those who do not wish to re-engage will become residents, hinging on loyalty In parallel, Jews will be schooled in the history of the country and Arabic culture. Conversion of child allowance grants into reductions in income tax will prevent ethnic-demographic problems and rectify encouragement of parasitic dependence on state welfare. 31
Palestinians and the People of Israel – According to the Prophets: “Thy children make haste; thy destroyers and they that made thee waste shall go forth from thee. ” (Isaiah 49: 17) n “Saying to the prisoners: ‘Go forth’; To them that are in darkness; ‘Show yourselves’; They shall feed in the ways, And mountains shall be their pasture. ” (Isaiah 49: 9) n “Proselytes are hard on Israel, like a sore on the skin. ” (Helbo. Talmud: Yebamot) n n “And say unto them: Thus saith the Lord GOD: Behold, I will take the children of Israel from among the nations, whither they are gone, and will gather them on every side, and bring them into their own land; And I will make them one nation in the land, upon the mountains of Israel [!], and one king shall be king to them all; and they shall be no more two nations [!], neither shall they be divided into two kingdoms any more at all; …I will make a covenant of peace with them – it shall be an everlasting covenant with them. ” (Ezekiel 37: 21 -22, 26) 32
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