The Emergence of the NT Intel Standard Talk

The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard • Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate • January 14, 1998 National Computational Science Alliance

The Alliance National Technology Grid National Computational Science Alliance

MREN - America’s First Operational Gigapop - Midwest Sites Minnesota/LCSE Wisconsin Michigan Hub MREN and STAR-TAP U Michigan State Purdue OC 12 v. BNS NCSA Indiana Hub Indiana Univ National Computational Science Alliance

Alliance National Technology Grid Workshop and Training Facilities Powered by Silicon Graphics Linked by the NSF v. BNS National Computational Science Alliance

How to Find out More About the Alliance See also http: //alliance. ncsa. uiuc. edu National Computational Science Alliance

NCSA Industrial Partners • • Allstate Insurance Co. Boeing Company Caterpillar Inc. Eastman Kodak Co. Eli Lilly and Company FMC Corporation Ford Motor Company J. P. Morgan • • Motorola, Inc. Phillips Petroleum Co. SABRE Group, Inc. Schlumberger Sears, Roebuck & Co. Shell Oil Company Tribune Company National Computational Science Alliance

Exponential Cascade: From Leading Edge to Consumer Electronics 1985 1997 Source: Silicon Graphics, 1997 Cray X-MP Cost: $8, 000 60, 000 watts of power No Built in Graphics 56 kbps NSFnet Backbone Nintendo 64 Cost: $149 5 watts of power Interactive 3 D Graphics 64 kbps ISDN to Home National Computational Science Alliance

From Hyper-Boutique to Commercially Driven TOP 500 Systems by Vendor 500 Other Number of Systems Japanese 400 200 DEC Intel TMC 300 Other Japanese DEC Intel TMC Sun HP Convex IBM SGI CRI Sun HP IBM Convex SGI 100 TOP 500 Reports: http: //www. netlib. org/benchmark/top 500. html Nov-97 Jun-97 Nov-96 Jun-96 Nov-95 Jun-95 Nov-94 Jun-94 Nov-93 0 Jun-93 CRI National Computational Science Alliance

Replacement of Shared Memory Vector Supercomputers by Microprocessor SMPs Top 500 Installed SC’s 500 MPP 400 SMP/DSM PVP 300 200 100 TOP 500 Reports: http: //www. netlib. org/benchmark/top 500. html Nov-97 Jun-97 Nov-96 Jun-96 Nov-95 Jun-95 Nov-94 Jun-94 Nov-93 Jun-93 0 National Computational Science Alliance

NCSA’s Three Eras of Architecture Shared Memory Vector Processors Cray X-MP Cray Y-MP Alliant FX/80 Cray 2 Convex C 3 Distributed Memory Systems TMC CM-2 TMC CM-5 IBM Cluster SGI PC Array HP Cluster Intel Cluster Large Scale NT/Intel Array? Shared Memory Microprocessors Convex SPP-1000 SGI SMP 1985 1990 SGI Power Challenge 1995 HP SPP-2000 SGI Origin HP SPP-3000 SGI / Cray SN-1 2000 National Computational Science Alliance

1995 -2002 NCSA Moves to UNIX/RISC Scalable Shared Memory Clusters CM-5 CM-2 Future Upgrade Under Negotiation with NSF National Computational Science Alliance

How Did a Supercomputer Center Get Into Enterprise Knowledge Management? • Microprocessor Market Convergence – NT/Intel Challenging UNIX/RISC • Desktop Software Tool Development – From NCSA Telnet to NCSA Mosaic • Large Scientific Databases – From Scientific Visualization to Info Viz • Emergence of Distributed Object Architecture – Java, Active. X, CORBA, and the Web • Supercomputer Center to PACI – Need to Create Alliance Intranet and Collaboratory National Computational Science Alliance

The Coming Integration of Technical and Commercial Computing • The Emergence of High Performance Commercial Computing – Computational Knowledge Management – Focus on: – Large Data Sets and Information Visualization – AI Techniques for Data Mining – Optimization and Decision Support – Financial “Rocket Science” • NT / UNIX Interoperability and Scalability – HP and SGI UNIX DSMs – Scalable Microsoft NT Clusters and NCSA Symbio – Merced Processor in FY 99 -00 National Computational Science Alliance

NCSA NT/Intel Projects • NCSA Microsoft Intranet – Internet Explorer 4. 0 and Office 97 – Active Desktop (Active. X & Push Technologies) – NT 5. 0 (Active Directory, Kerberos, Dfs) • NT/UNIX Interoperability Testbed – HP NT Pentium Pro Classroom & NT/UNIX Servers – UNIX Programming Environment on NT PC • Computing on NT Network – NCSA Symbio • NT Cluster Scalability – Tightly Coupled SMP Clusters (Chien / Iyer) National Computational Science Alliance

Alliance NT Cluster Approaches • Target High Performance Applications – Scientific and Engineering – Business and Information-Intensive • Fast Messaging-Andrew Chien, UIUC DCS – High Performance Network Backplane on SMPs – Support for MPI-FM, MPI-2 put/get, global arrays • NCSA Symbio- Briand Sanderson, UIUC NCSA – Parallel Distributed Computing Environment – DCOM / COM based over Desktops and Servers • Treadmarks- Willy Zwaenepol, Rice CRPC – Software DSM over NT Cluster National Computational Science Alliance

“RISC on the Desktop: Game Over” The Slater Perspective • Compaq, Dell, IBM, HP, Digital, NEC, Sequent, . . . – Vendors Committed to Intel Merced • SGI and MIPS – SGI will produce NT/Intel Products – Future of MIPS Undecided • Sun and SPARC – Committed to Solaris/Merced • Merced will overtake – RISC Performance by 2001 – RISC Workstation/Server Market Share by 2005 • 64 -bit NT/Intel Roadmap – Intel Builds DEC Alpha for Interim – Intel Merced by late 1999 Microprocessor Report Nov. 17, 1997 National Computational Science Alliance

The Road to Merced National Computational Science Alliance

Public Speculations on the 32 -bit Intel Roadmap • Pentium II – 1 st Half 1998 • Deschutes – 2 nd Half 1998 • Katmai – 1 st Half 1999 – MMX Enhancements – Floating Point, UNIX platform – Faster User Interface – 3 D Graphics (4 X AGP), Speech Recognition – Higher Memory Bandwidth Using Rambus • Willamette – 2 nd Half 1999 PC Week 1/14/98 National Computational Science Alliance

Units Shipped (millions) 1996 Corporate PC Sales: Why NCSA is Partnering with HP & Compaq 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 0. 5 0. 0 Compaq Dell HP IBM Gateway Acer Source: Dataquest Inc. (PC Magazine Feb. 17, 1997) Apple Micron Digital AST National Computational Science Alliance

Allstate Pioneering an NT Intranet • Standard Software Environment – Microsoft Office – Microsoft Outlook / Exchange – Internet Explorer – Windows NT Desktop / Server for Intel Platforms – Oracle Database Technology – CA Unicenter (TNG) • TCP/IP Network – T 3 Backbone – Sonet Ring Technology • Partnering with NCSA as Microsoft / HP Testbed • Partnering with NCSA and Computer Associates National Computational Science Alliance

The Emergence of Knowledge Management October 20, 1997 National Computational Science Alliance

NCSA / Allstate NT Cluster Data Refinery • Data Management Engine Compaq NT Server • CORBA/Java Orbs • High-Speed Interconnect • Distributed File System • Query Capability Compaq NT Server Visualization Stations External Networks • Visualization Tools • Parallel Rule Construction Source: Allstate & Tilt Thompkins, NCSA National Computational Science Alliance

NCSA Automated Learning Applications High Performance Commercial Computing • • • Risk Assessment Customer Retention Market Segmentation Fraud Detection Automatic Text Document Classification Effluent Quality Control Plant Optimization Smart Buildings Secondary Protein Structure Prediction Drug Classification Precision Farming National Computational Science Alliance

1998 -2005 NCSA Moves to Scalable NT/Intel Clusters of SMP • Schedule of Goals – 1998 Deploy First Production Clusters – Scientific and Engineering Tuned Cluster – Data Intensive Tuned Cluster – 1999 Enlarge to 512 -Processors in Cluster – 2000 Move to Merced – 2002 -2005 Achieve Teraflop Performance • UNIX/RISC & NT/UNIX will Co-exist for 5 Years – 1998 -2000 Move Applications to NT/Intel – 2000 -2005 Convergence toward NT/IAP-64 National Computational Science Alliance