The Emergence of Rome o Geograpy of Italy

The Emergence of Rome o Geograpy of Italy o 750 miles long; 120 miles across o Mountains and Plains o Islands

Founding of the Roman Republic • Legend says Romulus and Remus, twin sons of Mars, god of War, founded the city where they were rescued from the Tiber River and cared for by the shewolf. (753 B. C. E. )

From Kingdom to Republic 509 B. C. E. • 509 B. C. E. , the powerful citizens of Rome, all veterans of military service, drove out the Etruscan kings. • They declared Rome a republic, a government in which power resides in a body of citizens and consists of representatives elected by them. • Only men with wealth and property could command rise in the ranks. • At the heart of the city, they built the Roman forum, a political and civic center with temples and public buildings where leading citizens tended to government business.

Rise of Republic • Mid 8 th century BC- 509 BC: Rome Ruled by Monarchy • 509 BC – Raids of Celts on Italy lead to expulsion of kings and founding of Roman Republic. – Rome distances itself from Etruria • 392 BC- Fall of Etruria to Rome

Rome built great stuff • Rome built great roads to travel on and aqueducts to bring water into the city. • Rome also built great stadiums and amphitheaters for the entertainment of the people. • Romans also developed the use of the arch.

The Republic Expands • Between 264 and 146 B. C. E. , Rome fought Carthage in three conflicts known as the Punic Wars. – Competition for grain in the western Mediterranean (Sicily) (Romans burned Carthage to the ground and forced 50, 000 survivors into slavery) – Rome seized Carthaginian possessions in north Africa and Iberia (grain, oil, wine, silver, and gold used to finance imperial expansion)

Family and Society in Rome • Social Organization – – Clan – • Tribe Family Paterfamilias: Father held absolute power imperium, patria potestas and manus • Materfamilias: Mother’s influence in household • Naming conventions – For males – For females

Influence of the Etruscans § § § Writing Religion The Arch

The land of the Etruscans

The Greeks , Etruscans, and Early Rome o The Greeks and the Etruscans o The Greeks o Arrived between 750 -550 B. C. o Influenced Romans o The Etruscans(Currently Tuscany) o Dominated the sea o Influenced Romans o Early Rome o Romuls and Remuls(753 B. C. ) o Monarchy

The Greeks, Etrascans, and Early Rome • Etruscan civilization is the modern name given to a a civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany, western Umbria, and northern Latium. The ancient Romans called its creators the Tusci or Etrusci. Their Roman name is the origin of th terms Tuscany, which refers to their heartland, and Etruira, which can refer to their wider region.

The Greeks, Etrascans, and Early Rome • As distinguished by its unique language, this civilization endured from the time of the earliest Etruscan insriptions(ca. 700 BC) until its assimilation into the Roman Republic in the late 4 th century BC. At its maximum extent, during the foundational period of Rome and Roman kingdom, it flourished in three confederacies of cities: of Eturia, of the Po valley with the eastern Alps, and of Latium and Campania.