The Development of Technical Standards for Philippine Libraries

The Development of Technical Standards for Philippine Libraries Corazon M. Nera Director of Libraries, Lyceum of the Philippines Member, Board for Librarians, PRC

Outline of Presentation: Legal Basis PRC Modernization Act of 2000 Section 9, b RA 9246 Article 2, Section 8, h Definition of Terms Standards Technical Standards Best Practices Development of Technical Standards PAARL Initiatives for Developing Technical Standards Projects Seminar-Workshops Best Practices as Technical Standards Collection Development Technical Services Cataloging and Classification Indexing Conclusions Recommendations

PRC Modernization Act of 2000 Sec. 9. Powers, Functions and Responsibilities of the Various Professional Regulatory Boards. (b) To monitor the conditions affecting the practice of the profession…. and/or the maintenance of high professional, ethical and technical standards…. R. A. 9246 Sec. 8. -Powers, Functions and Duties of the Board. -The specific powers, functions, duties and responsibilities are: (h) To adopt and prescribe a Code of Ethics and a Code of Technical Standards for Librarians.

Definition of Terms: Standards (1) A mutually agreed-upon designation that helps to ensure a consistent result. (2) Offer a model that organizations, projects, and libraries can use as the basis for creating practical systems and guidelines. (3) Give the rules. (4) Make it easier to determine the requirements for training staff Variations: Technical Standards - are the most exacting; yield identical result Conventions - more flexible, accommodate variations, similar results Guidelines - broad set of practice; criteria can be measured Procedural Standards - define the scope of the procedures

Cont. Definition of terms: Best Practice 1. Plan, action, or service that has been improved and implemented 2. A team effort, deciding when and how to use a program Why should we use Standards? - Affects all walks of modern life - Foundation to ensure uniformity - Reliability and excellence - To achieve efficiency and economy - Accountability - Easier to understand use systems and procedures

Development of Technical Standards 1. Voluntary consensus 2. Subcommittees and working groups are created 3. Comments and negative ballots are resolve 4. Public forum 5. Maintaining standards by periodic reviews 6. Other duties: amend, revise, issue a technical correction Who will write these standards? • Support and participation of the librarians • Library associations work by consensus • Consult members about details • Public endorsement

PAARL Projects/Initiatives for Developing Technical Standards 1974 Index to Philippine Periodicals 1974 Philippine Union Catalog 1975 Philippine Name Headings 1986 Union List of Theses, SY 1975 -76 to 1978 -79 1986 Union List of Serials on Business and Economics 1986 Compilation of Graduate Theses, 1983 -1984 1988 Compilation of Theses and Dissertations, 1981 -1982 1991 Compilation of Theses and Dissertations, 1984 -1988 1991 Union List of Serial Holdings in Education 1991 Union List of Serial Holdings in Science and Technology 2004 Core Collections : Social Sciences, Humanities, Sciences

PAARL Seminar Workshops as Benchmark for Technical Standard 1977 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1987 1989 1990 1992 1993 1995 1997 1998 2005 Descriptive and Subject Cataloging Archives Administration AACR 2 Interpretation Library Reclassification (from DDC to LC) The Technical Aspects of Non-Print Materials Organization of Non-Print (AV) Materials Indexing and Abstracting Collection Evaluation and Development/Tech. Report Writing Strategies for Computerization of Library Processes Classification and Cataloging Developing Procedural Manuals for the Readers and Technical Skills for Librarians Towards a Standardized Procedural Manual In Cataloging of Filipiniana : A Manual for Filipiniana Subject Headings Accreditation and Library Standards: Achieving Academic Excellence The Application of the Information Technology in the Tech. Services Library Standards: Issues and Updates Technical Services in the Changing Library Environment

Best Practices as Technical Standards Collection Development Rondilla, Rhoel E. , 1965 Selection practices in selected academic libraries and its impact on collection development. -2002. xviii, [127] leaves Sagun, Juliana Burigsay, 1960 The development of the audiovisual collection of the Biblical Seminary of the Philippines Library. -2002. xii, 79 leaves Sala, Virgilio Fernandez Audiovisual collection management: deselection and preservation of audiovisual collections of selected private and religious school learning resource centers in Marikina City. -2002. xix, 77 leaves De la Cruz, Henrietta Ignacia O. Assessment of the non-print media materials collection and utilization of Cor Jesu College (CJC) : basis of a proposed procedural manual of a media. -2001

Technical Services Ramos, Marian Sabat, 1978 Outsourcing library technical services operations : practices in academic and special libraries in Metro Manila. -2004. xviii, 218 leaves Quijano, Ma. Victoria G. The technical services of the Dela Salle University - Das. Mariñas Library : A proposal for library networking -2002. Sales, Mila Hidalgo A proposed technical services manual of the Seventh-Day Adventist academic libraries in the Philippines. -1999. 238 leaves. Ibay, Maribeth de la Cruz The development of a proposed procedural manual on acquisition, organization, use and maintenance of non-book materials in the Mapua Institute of Technology Library. -1998. 293 leaves.

Cataloging - Authority Lists Repulda, Sandra Kapunan, 1944 A Dictionary of Philippine acronyms and initialisms, 1946 -1973. - 1975. [8], 297 leaves Filipino author's names in AACR 2 headings / compiled and edited by Corazon R. Lim. -Manila : Ram Pub. , c 1995. Cataloging - Procedures Celerio, Elvira A. , 1950 Use study of the card catalog at the University of the Philippines at Los Baños library. -1991. 102 leaves Saul, Conception De Leon, 1957 Development of time standards for catalogers of the University of the Philippines Diliman Library System. -1990. 92 leaves

Cont. Cataloging - Procedures Penid, Norma Juego, 1941 Cataloging practices among Association of Colleges of Agriculture in the Philippine libraries as a basis for a proposed book processing center. -1975. [13], 101 leaves Bondoc, Myrna S. , 1950 Conversion from manual to an automated cataloging system in selected academic and special libraries in Metro Manila: a case study. -1998. 102 leaves Lim, Corazon R. , 1936 The Effectiveness of the National Union Catalog and the Marcfiche as searching tools in the Cataloging Section of the Rizal Library. -1978. [11], 110 leaves.

Cataloging - Subject Headings Lacson, Erlinda B. , 1938 Paksang pamuhatan sa Pilipino. -1979 [9], ix, 519 leaves Nalundasan, Zenaida Filipiniana list of subject headings (FLSH) as used at the Conrado Benitez Memorial Library and Museum. -Manila: APB Educ. Materials, c 1994. 104 p. Cataloging - Classification Lee, Verna Chua, 1953 A proposed expansion of the Library of Congress schedule DS 651 to DS 689 for Philippine history. -1988. 181 leaves Baylon, Conception S. Dewey decimal classification expansion for Philippine languages, literature and history : an assessment. - 1988. 283 leaves.

Cont. Cataloging - Classification Yso, Lorna Tumulak Experiences of libraries reclassifying from the Dewey Decimal Classification to the Library of Congress Classification scheme and their implications to Siliman Univeristy Library. -1984. xx, 181 leaves : Aguirre, Vyva Victoria Magsarili, 1945 A proposed classification schedule for University of the Philippines publications based on the Library of Congress Classification Scheme. -1975. ix, 64 leaves Rosali, Rosemarie G. A development of the Philippine Tables for LC Class H. -1983 [10], 238 leaves University of the Philippine Library. Philippine Literature Classification Schedule. (Adaptation of table Da in LC's PJ-PM)

Cont. Cataloging - Classification University of the Philippine Library. Philippine Literature Classification Schedule. (Adaptation of table Da in LC's PJ-PM) Summary: PL 6140 -6158 PL 6160 -6165 PL 6166 -6175 PL 6176 -6178 PL 6179 -6181 PL 6182 -6184 PL 6185 -6187 PL 6188 -6189 PQ 8700 -8899 PS 9991 -9993 Tagalog Literature - General Philippine Literature - Vernacular Tagalog Literature Bisaya Literature Iloko Literature Bikol Literature Pampango Literature Pangasinan Literature Others Philippine. Literature-Spanish Philippine Literature-English

Cont. Cataloging - Classification Rizal Scheme : DS 675. 8. R 4 -5 R 4 41 42 43 44 45 46. A 1. A 3. A 4. A 5. A 6. A 7 Congresses, societies Periodicals Museum Anniversaries Controversies Autobiography Letters, correspondences Collection Family Blumentritt Pastels Reformists Singles letters, by date 47 Political writings A 1 -5 A 6 A 8 R 5 Collections Selection Separate, by title Biography . A 1. A 3 -Z 8 Z 9 Collection, anthology By author Bibliography, indexes, etc.

Indexing Manaay, Lyle D. , 1969 Cooperative indexing in U. P. Diliman Library system with implications to the Index to Philippine Periodicals (IPP): a basis for an action plan. -2002. xx, 50 leaves De Guzman, Ma. Girlie E. , 1961 A developmental study of the Visayan Daily Star through an index : 1982 -1996 / Girlie E. De Guzman. -1998. xi, 281 leaves Murillo, Regina Nalian, 1956 Evaluation of the index to Philippine periodicals as a tool in the retrieval of periodical literature. -1991 Obejera, Nicanora J. An index to humanities in anthologies at the Filipiniana and the Cebuano Studies Center Libraries of the University of San Carlos. -3 v. -1996.

Serials Management Macale, Basilio P, The development of a proposed procedural manual on serials management in the Mapua Institute of Technology library. -2003 Anday, Vilma Gendrano The University of the Philippines at Los Baños Union List of Serials : a conversion of record formats from Statistical Analysis system to MINISIS. -1985. 34, [60] leaves : Government Documents Phil. Doc Classification Scheme. Special Committee on the Revision The classification scheme for Philippine government publications. -Rev ed. Makati City: LISCO Multipurpose Cooperative, c 2002. 193 p. Austria, Carmelita S. Checklist of Philippine government documents, 1963 -1973 -1985. 3 v.

Cont. Government Documents Del Castillo, Elena A. A checklist of government publications available in some libraries and information centers in Cebu City as of 1983 -1984. -1985. Filipiniana Tal Placido, Ignatius R. An assessment of the Filipiniana collections of selected private universities in Luzon. -2002 Cortez, Exper D. Filipiniana collections and networking of libraries in region X. -2001

Conclusion: 1. There are no technical standards yet for the library profession in the Philippines but the literature abounds with studies, proposals, projects documenting best practices that could be adopted as standards. 2. The ingenuity and creativity of the Filipino librarian is projected in the various researches. 3. Our needs are unique, hence the need for appropriate national standards but not compromising international standards. 4. PAARL has fulfilled its mission and continued to be The Association that pioneered the advocacy for the development of technical standards for Philippine libraries. 5. The need for technical standards is urgent

Recommendations PAARL to: 1. Appoint a committee to review, evaluate and study all the researches on the best practices of Philippine libraries and librarianship. 2. Endorse these best practices to the Board for Librarians for proper recognition and endorsement to the Professional Regulation Commission. 3. Disseminate information about best practices for adoption. 4. Publish the information so that other libraries, the world over will know. 5. Implement the technical standards.