THE CRITICAL READING COURSE A STYLISTIC PERSPECTIVE by

THE CRITICAL READING COURSE: A STYLISTIC PERSPECTIVE by Elina Paliichuk Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University e. paliichuk@kubg. edu. ua

MORPHOLOGICAL LEVEL MORPHEMIC REPETITION. EXTENSION OF MORPHEMIC VALENCY 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Morpheme The main unit of the morphological level is a morpheme – the smallest meaningful unit which can be singled out in a word. There are two types of morphemes: root morphemes and affix ones. Morphology chiefly deals with forms, functions and meanings of affix morphemes 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Morphological EM There are few language (or paradigmatic) synonyms among English morphemes and only some of them form stylistic oppositions, e. g, he lives – he does live. Come! – Do come! Don’t forget – Don’t you forget. This scarcity of morphological EM which is predetermined by the analytical character of the English language is compensated by a great variety of SD 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Morphological SD as a deliberate shift in the fixed distribution of morphemes can be created by means of: a) the violation of the usual combinability of morphemes within a word, e. g. the plural of uncountable nouns (sands, waters, times), or the Continuous forms of the verbs of sense perception (to be seeing, to be knowing, to be feeling); b) the violation of the contextual distribution of morphemes, which is called form transposition. 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Morphological SD SD BASED ON THE USE OF NOUNS SD BASED ON THE USE OF ARTICLES SD BASED ON THE USE OF ADJECTIVES (The violation of morphemic combinability in adjectives which express different degree of comparison are typical of advertising techniques, e. g. the most Italian car) SD BASED ON THE USE OF PRONOUNS SD BASED ON THE USE OF ADVERBS SD BASED ON THE USE OF VERBS 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

MORPHEMIC REPETITION One important way of promoting a morpheme is its repetition. Both root and affixational morphemes can be emphasized through repetition. Especially vividly it is observed in the repetition of affixational morphemes which normally carry the main weight of the structural and not of the denotational significance. 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

MORPHEMIC REPETITION When repeated, they come into the focus of attention and stress either their logical meaning (e. g. that of contrast, negation, absence of quality as in prefixes a-, anti-, mis-; or of smallness as in suffixes -ling and -ette); their emotive and evaluative meaning, as in suffixes forming degrees of comparison; or else they add to the rhythmical effect and text unity. 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

EXTENSION OF MORPHEMIC VALENCY The second, even more effective way of using a morpheme for the creation of additional information is extension of its normative valency which results in the formation of new words. They are not neologisms in the true sense for they are created for special communicative situations only, and are not used beyond these occasions. This is why they are called occasional words and are characterized by freshness, originality, lucidity of their inner form and morphemic structure 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

DISCUSSION o What are the main cases of morphemic foregrounding? o What are the functions of morphemic repetition? o How are morphemes foregrounded in occasional words? o What is the difference between occasional words and neologisms? 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Exercises State the function of the following cases of morphemic repetition o She unchained, unbolted and unlocked the door. (A. B. ) o It was there again, more clearly than before: the terrible expression of pain in her eyes; unblinking, unaccepting, unbelieving pain. (D. U. ) 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Exercises o At the time light rain or storm darked the fortress I watched the coming of dark from the high tower. The fortress with its rocky view showed its temporary darkling life of lanterns. (Jn. H. ) o Laughing, crying, cheering, chaffing, singing, David Rossi's people brought him home in triumph. (H. C. ) 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Exercises Analyze the morphemic structure and the purpose of creating the occasional words in the following examples o That fact had all the unbelievableness of the sudden wound. (R. W. ) o Suddenly he felt a horror of her otherness. (J. B. ) o Lucy wasn't Willie's luck. Or his unluck either. (R. W. ) 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Exercises o She was waiting for something to happen or for everything to un-happen. (Т. Н. ) o The girls could not take off their panama hats because this was not far from the school gates and hatlessness was an offence. (M. Sp. ) o David, in his new grown-upness, had already a sort of authority. (І. М. ) 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Exercises Discuss the following cases of morphemic foregrounding o The District Attorney's office was not only panelled, draped and carpeted, it was also chandeliered with a huge brass affair hanging from the center of the ceiling. (D. U. ) o "I love you mucher. “ - "Plently mucher? Me tooer. " (J. Br. ) 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

Exercises o I gave myself the once-over in the bathroom mirror: freshly shaved, clean-shirted, dark-suited and necktied. (D. U. ) o Well, a kept woman is somebody who is perfumed, and clothed, and wined, and dined, and sometimes romanced heavily. (Jn. C. ) 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

CASE STUDY 2 You are a writer. To describe vividly the episode of a talk between two people in your detective or love story you decide to have recourse to morphemic stylistic devices which certify about true motives of the characters in your fascinating masterpiece. Please, create an episode, read it aloud and make observation of the listeners’ reaction whether the stylistic devices used have been effective. Use the materials offered any examples of yours at your discretion. 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

ASSIGNMENT o STYLISTIC MORPHOLOGY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ("Методичні вказівки до семінарських та практичних занять зі стилістики англійської мови для студентів IV курсу” (Видання 2). Уклад. Воробйова О. П. , Бойцан Л. Ф. , Ганецька Л. В. та інш. - К. : Вид. центр КНЛУ, 2001. - С. 8 -11. 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

ASSIGNMENT Кухаренко В. А. Практикум з стилістики англійської мови: Підручник. – Вінниця. «Нова книга» , 2000 - 160 с. Word and its Semantic Structure. Connotational Meanings of a Word. The Role of the Context in the Actualization of Meaning. Stylistic Differentiation of the Vocabulary. Literary Stratum of Words. Colloquial Words. 30 -31/03/2015 Elina Paliichuk

THANX!