The Bull Cult of Ancient Crete Vocabulary

The Bull Cult of Ancient Crete Vocabulary • Zeus’ birth • Europa • Minos • Minotaur • Labrynith • Pasiphae • Daedelus • Icarus • Theseus Cre te http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: GR_Kreta. PNG

Greece The Bull Cult of Ancient Crete Bull http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: AMI_-_Stierrhyton. jpg http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Crete_location_map. png

The Bull Cult of Ancient Crete Part I: Birth of Zeus Rhea hid Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida in Crete. The Idian Cave, on Mt. Ida, Crete http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Idian-Cave-20070814 -059834. jpg

The Bull Cult of Ancient Crete Birth of Zeus • Rhea hid Zeus in a cave on Mount Ida in Crete. Then, according to varying versions of the story: – He was then raised by: • Gaia, and • a nanny goat named Amalthea (“tender goddess”) http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Birth_of_Zeus#Birth

– Zeus was raised by: • Gaia, and • a nanny goat named Amalthea (“tender goddess”) Almathea at the Louvre http: //www. monstropedia. org/monster/File: Almathea. jpg

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Poussin. Childhood. Zeus. Dulwich. JPG

Birth of Zeus “Cornucopia” or “horn of plenty” http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Cornucopia. png

Birth of Zeus (“untamable goddess”) • He was raised by a nymph named Adamanthea. Cronus ruled over Earth, heavens and sea; she hid Zeus by dangling him on a rope from a tree, suspended between earth, sea and sky and thus, invisible to his father. http: //www. hispotion. com/wpcontent/uploads/2012/08/Van. Joost-Baby-cradlenoach-tree-swing-1. jpg

Birth of Zeus He was raised by a nymph named Cynosura. Κυνοσούρα In gratitude, Zeus placed her among the stars. Cynosura is also another name for the constellation Ursa Minor or its brightest star, Polaris http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Ursa_Minor_constellation_map. svg

Birth of Zeus • He was raised by Melissa, who nursed him with honey. • Nymph who discovered beekeeping • Sister of Amaltheia (milk & honey) http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Melissa http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Cerana. jpg

Birth of Zeus Κορύβαντες (is how it looks , spelled in Ancient Greek) • a company of Korybantes (soldiers, or smaller gods) danced, shouted and clashed their spears against their shields so that Cronus would not hear the baby's cry. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Corybantian_dance_from_Smith%27 s_Dictionary_of_Antiquities_(SALTATIO_article). png

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Cur%C 3%A 8 tes. jpg

Birth of Zeus He was raised by a shepherd family under the promise that their sheep would be saved from wolves http: //en. wikipedia. or g/wiki/File: Gauguin. s wineherd. 750 pix. jpg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 2: Zeus & Europa was a Phoenician princess. Zeus liked her, kidnapped her, and made her the queen of Crete. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: 2_Euro_coin_Gr. gif

The birthplace of Europa, Tyre, Lebanon http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Al-Bass_Arch_Site_P 1010056. JPG

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Mediterranean_Sea_political_map-en. svg

Europa and the Bull Ancient Greek vase circa 480 BCE http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Europa_copy. jpg

Europa and the Bull Europa in a fresco at Pompeii, contemporary with Ovid. http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Pompeiii. Europa. i. Fresco. jpg

The Abduction of Europa by Rembrandt, 1632

The Abduction of Europa by Titian (1562) http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Tizian_085. jpg

Enlèvement d'Europe; painted by French artist Nöel -Nicolas Coypel in 17261727. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Europa. jpg

Europa on the back of Zeus as a white bull. Gustave Moreau, http: //0. tqn. com/d/ancienthistory/1/0/P/ X/2/Moreau. Europa_and_the_Bull. jpg

Europa and the Bull http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons /e/ef/Jean. Baptiste_Marie_Pierre__Le_Rapt_d%27 Europe. j pg The Rape of Europa by Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre (1750)

Europa and the Bull http: //www. ebsqart. com/Art/Gallery/acrylic-painting-on-panel-framed/689149/650/Zeus-and-Europa-ORIGINAL-FRAMED-PAINTING. jpg

Europa and the Bull http: //images. fin eartamerica. com /images-medium -large-5/europariding-zeus-karen -serfinski. jpg

Zeus & Europa

And gradually she lost her fear, and he Offered his breast for her virgin caresses, His horns for her to wind with chains of flowers Until the princess dared to mount his back Her pet bull's back, unwitting whom she rode. Then — slowly, slowly down the broad, dry beach — First in the shallow waves the great god set His spurious hooves, then sauntered further out 'til in the open sea he bore his prize Fear filled her heart as, gazing back, she saw The fast receding sands. Her right hand grasped A horn, the other lent upon his back Her fluttering tunic floated in the breeze. from Ovid’s Metamorphoses (Bk II: 863 -875) https: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Europa_(mythology)

• For a text translation, see also : “Poetry in Translation” http: //www. poetryintranslation. com/PITBR/Latin/Metamorph 2. htm#anchor_Toc 64106134 from Ovid’s Metamorphoses (Bk II: 833 -875)

In colour he was white as the snow that rough feet have not trampled and the rain-filled south wind has not melted. The muscles rounded out his neck, the dewlaps hung down in front, the horns were twisted, but one might argue they were made by hand, purer and brighter than pearl. His forehead was not fearful, his eyes were not formidable, and his expression was peaceful. Agenor’s daughter marvelled at how beautiful he was and how unthreatening. But though he seemed so gentle she was afraid at first to touch him. Soon she drew close and held flowers out to his glistening mouth. The lover was joyful and while he waited for his hoped-for pleasure he kissed her hands. He could scarcely separate then from now. At one moment he frolics and runs riot in the grass, at another he lies down, white as snow on the yellow sands.

…on the yellow sands. When her fear has gradually lessened he offers his chest now for virgin hands to pat and now his horns to twine with fresh wreaths of flowers. The royal virgin even dares to sit on the bull’s back, not realising whom she presses on, while the god, first from dry land then from the shoreline, gradually slips his deceitful hooves into the waves. Then he goes further out and carries his prize over the mid-surface of the sea. She is terrified and looks back at the abandoned shore she has been stolen from and her right hand grips a horn, the other his back, her clothes fluttering, winding, behind her in the breeze. http: //www. poetryintranslation. com/PITBR/Latin/Metamorph 2. htm#anchor_Toc 64106134

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Europe_satellite_globe. jpg

http: //www. zoence. com/showcontent. php? id=127&highlight=europa&cpage=0

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Taurus_constellation_map. svg The constellation “Taurus” is usually associated with Zeus a bull, or with the Cretan bull sent by Poseidon. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Taurus. CC. jpg

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Taurusurania. jpg Taurus as depicted in Urania's Mirror, a set of constellation cards published in London c. 1825.

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Europa-moon. jpg Jupiter’s moon, Europa

Europa and the Bull http: //joebergeron. com/webpageimages/europa. jpg

Europa and the Bull http: //www. robertkohr. com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Europa. Painting. jpg

Europa and the Bull The portrait of Europa seen on the 2013 Europa Series of euro banknotes http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Imago_Europae_euronis. jpg

Europa and the Bull Europa had three sons fathered by Zeus: Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon, the three of whom became three judges of the Underworld when they died. [12] In Crete she married Asterion also rendered Asterius and became mother (or stepmother) of his daughter Crete. He then revealed his true identity, and Europa became the first queen of Crete. Zeus gave her a necklace made by Hephaestus[20] and three additional gifts: Talos, Laelaps and a javelin that never missed. Zeus later re-created the shape of the white bull in the stars, which is now known as the constellation Taurus. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Europa_(mythology)

Zeus gave her presents: a necklace from Hepheastus a metal man named Talos, to protect Crete a hound that would always catch its prey a javelin that never missed

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 3: Talos & Laelaps Talos, sculpted by Michael Ayrton, in Cambridge, England http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Talos. Cambridge. jpg

Talos was a metal man. Talos He protected Crete from mean men in boats by throwing rocks at them from the shore. Talos http: //operatorchan. org/k/arch/src/k 47043_CC%20 Greek%20 Talos%20 the%20 Bronze%20 Giant%20 by%20 Ray%20 Harryhausen. jpg

He would be tricked and beaten by Jason and his witch-wife, Medea. http: //operatorchan. org/k/arch/src/k 47042_CC%20 Greek%20 Talos%20 the%20 Bronze%20 Giant%20 from%20 Jason%20 and%20 the. jpg Talos

The Death of Procris by Piero di Cosimo Laelaps http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Piero_di_Cosimo_013. jpg The hound, Laelaps, was also a gift from Zeus to Europa. The dog would catch anything it chased. It eventually was passed to Minos, who gave it away. It was sent to Thebes to protect the city from the Teumessian fox, which could never be caught. The paradox made Zeus angry, so he turned both magical animals to stone.

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 4: Minos http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Inferno_Canto_5_line_4_Minos. jpg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete • Zeus and Europa had 3 sons – Minos – Rhadamanthys – Sarpedon They were raised by the king of Crete, Asterion. Rhadmanthys was known for his excellent legal code, copied by Sparta. Sarpedon loved the same girl as Minos. When the king died, Minos took over and banished his brothers (rivals). Minos and Rhadmanthys would become judges in Hades after they died. The 3 rd judge was Zeus’ son Aeacus, ruler of the Myrmidons on Aegina.

The Judges in The Underworld http: //www. theoi. com/image/K 42. 1 Judges. jpg Rhadamanthys, Minos & Aeacus

The Last Judgment (Michelangelo) The Last Judgment is a fresco by Michelangelo on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel in Vatican City. Minos http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wi kipedia/commons/6/64/Lastju dgement. jpg

17 th century engraving of Scylla falling in love with Minos Nisus, King of Megara, and the purple lock. Scylla was Nisus’ daughter. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Minos_scylla. jpg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 5: Pasiphae Minos justified his accession as king and prayed to Poseidon for a sign. Poseidon sent a giant white bull out of the sea. Minos was committed to sacrificing the bull to Poseidon, but then decided to substitute a different bull. In rage, Poseidon cursed Pasiphaë, Minos' wife, with zoophilia. http: //www. meyerovich. com/matisse/4_pasiphaebulls/art/10 white_bull_head_2. jpg http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Minos http: //ts 1. mm. bing. net/images/thumbnail. aspx? q=562261926060&id=e 6 b 34 bf 6 d 6289 edd 254 f 7 e 39 af 2 b 8555&url=http%3 a%2 f%2 fwww. moneyorigamis. com%2 fwp-content%2 fuploads%2 f 2010%2 f 07%2 forigami-white-bull. jpg

http: //www. texasbritishwhitecattle. com /images/Ms. Rae. Oct 2008. jpg

Pasiphae White Bull http: //www. dreamstime. com/princess-thumb 15100584. jpg http: //www. poppyfield. se/images/heartbeat. gif http: //www. dreamstime. com/white-bull-thumb 18273641. jpg http: //www. poppyfield. se/images/heartbeat 1. gif

Daedalus built her a wooden cow, which she hid inside. Daedalus, Pasiphae and wooden cow. Roman fresco from the northern wall of the triclinium in the Casa dei Vettii (VI 15, 1) in Pompeii. http: //en. wikipedia. or g/wiki/File: Pompeii__Casa_dei_Vettii__Pasiphae. jpg http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Minos

http: //www. greekmythol ogylink. org/GML/000 Ima ges/mim/minotaur. RI. 10935. jpg

The bull mated with the wooden cow and Pasiphaë was impregnated by the bull, giving birth to a horrible monster, again named Asterius, the Minotaur, half man half bull. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Minos http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Pasiphae_Minotauros_Cdm_Paris_De. Ridder 1066_detail. jpg

Minotaur http: //pentangle 5. tripod. com//sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/minotaur. jpg

Minotaur http: //www. cannart. co m/demosites/Chozaria /Game_Images/Races /Minotaur. png

Minotaur http: //www. fantasygallery. net/brom/minotaur. jpg

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Mosaico_Trabajos_H%C 3%A 9 rcules_(M. A. N. _Madrid)_07. jpg Roman mosaic from Lima Spain Hercules will meet the Cretan Bull (the Minotaur’s real father). Herc’ll have to capture it, as his 7 th Labour.

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 6: Daedelus & the Labyrinth Daedalus then built a complicated maze called the Labyrinth, and Minos put the Minotaur in it. To make sure no one would ever know the secret of who the Minotaur was and how to get out of the Labyrinth (Daedalus knew both of these things), Minos imprisoned Daedalus. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Minos http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Labyrinth_1_(from_Nordisk_familjebok). svg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 7: Daedalus & Icarus To make sure no one would ever know the secret of who the Minotaur was and how to get out of the Labyrinth (Daedalus knew both of these things), Minos imprisoned Daedalus and his son, Icarus, along with the monster http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Minos http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Tri ple-Spiral-labyrinth-variant. png

“City of Troy” near Dalby, England. One of a few surviving examples of this type of grass maze. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Dalby_City_of_Troy_turf_maze. jpg

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Edinburgh_labyrinth. jpg

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Minotaurus. gif

http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/f/f 2/BCmemoriallabyrinth. jpg The Boston College Memorial Labyrinth In memory of BC Alumni who died in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001

The octagonal Jubilee Maze at Symonds Yat (England) http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Jubilee_Maze, _Symonds_Yat. jpg

The labyrinth of Versailles The labyrinth had thirtynine groups of hydraulic statuary representing the fables of Aesop. http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Labyrinth_Versailles_colour. JPG

Labirinto delle Trasformazioni IV (1988), di Davide Tonato, olio su tavola http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Labirinto_delle_Trasformazioni_IV. jpg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 7: Daedalus & Icarus Daedalus invented some wings for them! http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Daedalus_und_Ikarus_MK 1888. png

Daedalus and Icarus flew away on wings Daedalus invented, but Icarus' wings melted because he flew too close to the sun. Icarus fell in the sea and drowned. The Fall of Icarus, 17 th century, Musée Antoine Vivenel http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: %27 The_Fall_of_Icarus%27, _17 th_century, _Mus%C 3%A 9 e_Antoine_Vivenel. JPG

Fall of Icarus (1558) by Pieter Bruegel de Oude http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Bruegel, _Pieter_de_Oude_-_De_val_van_icarus_-_hi_res. jpg

The Lament For Icarus, by Herbert Draper http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: The_Lament_For_Icarus. jpg

Simon Benetton: Ikarus 1993 at the Bonn Opera House http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Ikarus_1993. jpg

http: //williampcoleman. smugm ug. com/photos/259083744_a. V EW 7 -L. jpg by Henre Matisse Icarus

http: //www. feelnumb. com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/12/led-zeppelinphysical-graffiti-sleeve-2. jpg

http: //www. rockmerch. se/images/hfl 729. jpg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete Part 8: Theseus & the Minotaur

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete http: //monsters. monstrous. com/Pictures/Minotaur. jpg

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete http: //www. greekmythologylink. org/GML/000 Images/mim/minotaurking 187. jpg

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/File: Theseus_Minotaur_Mosaic. jpg The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete

The Cult of the Bull Myths of Ancient Crete