The Battle of the Move to Alternative Energy in Germany Roskilde Follow-Up MECINE-Network Delft Meeting 14. -16. Nov. 2012 Dr. Kai Masser German Research Institute for Public Administration / German University of Administrative Sciences Speyer kmassr@dhv-speyer. de
The political arena / Different players with different agendas/ goals • Group A. (large parts of ) the federal government, (most) northern/eastern states, big energy utilities • Group B. (most) southern/western states, municipalities, citizen co-ops • Group C. (green) fundamentalists, citizen initiatives 2
Strategic / Tactical Positions • Group A. “Think big”. Huge plants, large grids. Preservation of old primary energy carriers (coal), Slow down of change. Otherwise: Blackouts (in winter) & an enormous rise in prices • Group B. Acceleration of change. Decentralized / local solutions, mix of technologies. Smart grids. Local monetary benefits • Group C. Energy saving instead of production. Preservation of each and every animal or “not in my backyard” (wind mills 3
Battle Line • Group A. Defense / Retreat, no central control over states (e. g. Bavaria, municipalities) • Group B. Attack / Advance, financial/monetary incentives (profits): “this is a material world and i am a material girl” , grassroots movement, growth industry • Group C. Guerilla / Resistance, ideological / theological / moralistic 4
Evidence / Examples Group A (Pilot Projects) • Building up a large (north to south) grid framework, planning with citizens’ participation , residents can buy shares (obviously an adaptation to the grassroots movement) • Stuttgart (En. BW, big supplying company, Conversion of Bio Gas to Natural Gas (Using the left-overs of the cities green wholesalers) • Building up a smart grids in rural areas (counties) by RWE (big supplying company), Allowance of flexible local reaction to supply and demand 5
Evidence / Examples Group B (A Selection) • K-Town County. Establishment of an Energy Company (wind & solar) by the county, the municipalities, the municipal works and the county savings bank • Michelfeld/Schwäbich Hall / Mainhardt /Wüstenrot. Municipal energy companies, purchase of the local grids from En. BW • A lot of energy co-ops by citizens (mostly solar panels) • Municipal Works Speyer. Building wind parks in other areas Map of renewables in Baden. Württemberg http: //www. bwco 2. de/eegbw. php • Municipal Works. Producing corn and other crop in Ukraine (Uelzen) or by palm oil in southeast asia. With much discussion about 6
Statistical Data from BWB 8
Conclusion • The move to alternative energy is out of control. The energy sectoris changing much faster than planned, because everywhere new approaches appear “out of nothing” • Biogas/Biomass seems to become an important storage medium • It could be the hour of municipalities and municipal works. Together with the citizens there is to (re)gain control over the energy supply and distribution and improve the municipal budget (!) 9
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