The Balfour Declaration: The Document that Started it All • • Balfour Declaration 1917 November 2 nd, 1917 Dear Lord Rothschild, I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet. "His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. " I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation. Yours sincerely, Arthur James Balfour
Israel Forms as a Nation: May 14, 1948 • Israel is officially recognized by the UN as a state within Palestine on May 14 th, 1948. • Palestine, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, & Iran all attack Israel on May 15 th, 1948. • Israel WINS the First Arab-Israeli War and occupies territory from its neighbors.
Israel: 1947 & Israel: 1949
Palestinian Refugees Palestinian Diaspora
Suez Crisis (1956) or Second Arab-Israeli War Gamal Abdul Nasser President of Egypt
Six-Day War (1967) ¯ UN Resolution 242 ¯ UN Resolution 338 ¯Israel wins (again) & occupies territory from its neighbors: West Bank (Jordan), Golan Heights (Syria), & Sinai Peninsula (Egypt).
Palestine Liberation Organization Yassir Arafat
Yom-Kippur War (Oct. , 1973)
Camp David Accords (1979) President Anwar Sadat of Egypt President Jimmy Carter of the U. S. Prime Minister Menachem Begin Of Israel
Camp David Accords (1979)
Significance of Camp David Accords • It was an agreement between Israel & Egypt that ended 30 years of hostility between the two nations • Egypt became the first Arab state to officially recognize Israel as a legitimate nation in the region • US brokered the agreement (Pres. Carter) and helped mediate between the two nations. • Egypt got back some of its territory lost to Israel in previous conflicts. • Anwar Sadat, the Egyptian president who signed the agreement with Menachem Begin of Israel was assassinated in 1981 by Muslim extremists
Palestinian Intifada-Part I (1987 -1993) Intifada means “uprising” (largely Palestinian youth)
The Expansion of Israel
Israel & Palestine in the Century st 21 • In July, 2000 US President Clinton hosted a meeting at Camp David between Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak & PLO leader Yasir Arafat, but the meeting yielded no compromise over territory. • In the same year intifada intensified against Jewish settlements & Israeli military forces occupied many Palestinian areas to put down the violence. • Since 2003 both Israeli & Palestinian leaders have been working on a “roadmap to peace” to try & create two states within Palestine, but, violence has occurred along the way between Hamas (a Palestinian extremist group) & Israel
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