The Administration and Cost of Elections ACE Project

The Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Project www. aceproject. org

CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK The ACE Global Network The first dimension is to upgrade and consolidate the knowledge base of the ACE Project by introducing dynamic components, providing a set of interactive functions and specialized services for the ACE community of users. The second dimension is to build the ACE Project as a “living” knowledge hub, by developing and consolidating a virtual “community of practice” – the ACE Practitioners’ Network – which is a global network in the field of electoral systems and processes. The third dimension is to introduce a “capacity development” component to the ACE Project with particular emphasis on training, professional advisory services and the promotion of peer partnerships, especially among electoral management bodies.

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES The ACE Knowledge Base Electoral Systems • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology Restructuring and upgrading the quality of existing texts, commissioning new ones, broadening the scope of the materials and introducing new themes. This general overhauling process is based on the assessment of practitioners’ needs and trends and innovations in the field of electoral systems and processes. Expand the ACE knowledge base through the provision of specialized services, collection of resources and the production of high quality materials that are regularly fed-in by the Practitioners’ Network. Introduce a new feature in the ACE webpage, a dynamic tool bar interacting with the main text of the ACE Project and brings up links and resources having particular relevance with issues highlighted in the core text. The knowledge base of the ACE Project that is the core text of the 12 topic areas) is restructured, expanded, enhanced and updated: The knowledge base of the ACE Project that is the core text of the 12 topic areas) is restricts. Introduction of a new feature, a dynamic tool bar interacting with the main text of the ACE project and bringing up links and resources with particular relevance to the text lured, expanded, enhanced and updated: The knowledge base of the ACE Project that is the core text of the 12 topic are. Introduction of a new feature, a dynamic tool bar interacting with the main text of the ACE project and bringing up links and resources with particular relevance to the text as) is restructured, expanded, enhanced and updated: The knowledge base of the ACE Project that is the core text of the 12 topic areas) is restructured, expanded, enhanced and updated: The knowledge base of the ACE Project that is the core text of the 12 topic areas) is restructured, expanded, enhanced and updated: The knowledge base of the ACE Project That is the Corrcext Of the 12 Topic areas Restructured, expanded, enhanced and updated The base of the ACE Project that is the core The 12 topic areas) is restructured

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project The ACE “Focus On…” Series The ACE "Focus On" series explores in greater detail cross-cutting issues presented in the ACE Project. For each featured theme, the FOCUS ON highlights substantive issues, concepts and sample materials in the ACE Project and identifies additional online resources for users to research more information. • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project Elections and Disability Direct Democracy E-voting Next: HIV-AIDS and elections http: //focus. at. org/

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project Case Studies The ACE Project assembles 133 Case Studies on administration of elections and experiences in different countries, which were the contribution from practitioners and scholars around the world. Emphasis will be put into the development and inclusion of new case studies from a broader number of countries; the regional dimension of the Practitioners’ Network offers an opportunity to broaden and enhance the collection of case studies of electoral experiences from different regions of the world. www. aceproject. org/main/english/st/st. htm

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project Sample Materials While extremely useful, the current Sample Materials section of the ACE Project is under-utilized and presenting some limits, such as the fact that materials are randomly selected, the collection is not too comprehensive and has geographical limitations, with most of the available resources pertaining to a non-representative number of countries (lead writers). Focus on transforming and expanding the current Sample Materials Section into a standalone project, a comprehensive database that systematically collects and makes available a wide range of resource materials on elections (such as: laws and regulations, reports, assessments, sample materials, studies, essays, news articles, etc)

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES Glossary • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project The multi-language Glossary of electoral terms will be comprehensively revised, expanded and “regionalized” to make it more relevant to the various regions in the world where it is used.

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES The Electoral Process Information Collection (EPIC) • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project EPIC offers a systematic collection of how countries actually manage their elections. By presenting information about electoral systems, electoral management, legislative framework, voter registration, voter education and other related topics in a wide range of countries, users are able to compare, and identify common practice within electoral administration. • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project • EXTERNAL RESOURCES: Integration of the ACE Project with already existing and closely related external resources www. epicproject. org

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project • EXTERNAL RESOURCES: Integration of the ACE Project with already existing and closely related external resources Democracy Direct – IFES Virtual Resource Center Democracy Direct is searchable database built by IFES from the F. Clifton White Resource Center’s collection of democracy materials from around the world including: Technical and Observer Mission Reports; Voter and Civic Education Posters; Election Analysis and Results from national elections worldwide; Videos and other multi-media materials; Information on electoral supplies, services and equipment; Compendiums of Election Laws from 22 countries (available in a variety of languages); and much more…

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES Electoral System Design • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project • EXTERNAL RESOURCES: Integration of the ACE Project with already existing and closely related external resources www. idea. int/esd/index. cfm The Voter Turnout Database www. idea. int/vt/index. cfm Other Resources Online

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES • KNOWLEDGE BASE: Overall enhancement and upgrade of the core knowledge depository of the ACE Project • EXISTING COMPONENTS: Integration and expansion of existing components of the current ACE Project • EXTERNAL RESOURCES: Integration of the ACE Project with already existing and closely related external resources • NEW FUNCTIONS: Inclusion of new interactive and networking functions to be provided by the ACE Project Ask the Experts – The ACE Practitioners’ Network Ask the Experts is an interactive, online advisory service on electoral administration, processes and systems. Through this “help desk” resource, users submit questions to the members of the ACE Practitioners’ Network and get timely and professional electoral advice online. FUNCTIONS Provide professional advisory services online The Electoral Forum Through the Electoral Forum, users participate to online discussions and stimulate debate on topics relating to electoral systems, structures, administration, legislation, principles, etc. FUNCTIONS Create a virtual meeting place to discuss technical issues, exchange ideas and know-how FUNCTIONS Equip ACE users with an interactive educational tool that enables them to maximize their knowledge The ACE Electoral Quiz An educational tool developed on the 12 topic areas. By undertaking the ACE Electoral Quiz, users may test and expand their knowledge of the 12 topic areas of the ACE Project, examine issues deeper and improve professional skills. Global Electoral Watch A newsletter-type facility, listing events such as seminars and conferences, providing online tutorials, compilations of training materials, information and contact details of available courses, staff exchanges, scholarships and job opportunities. FUNCTIONS Promote professional development in electoral administration

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration The second dimension for the ACE Global Network envisions the establishment of a “community of practice” in the field of election systems and processes – the “ACE Practitioners’ Network”. The Practitioners’ Network constitutes a means of bringing together and supporting a group of individuals sharing common interests and professional responsibilities. As one of the three main dimensions of the ACE Project, the Practitioners’ Network represents the foundation, inspiration and main source for enhancing and updating the ACE knowledge base. In terms of building and enhancing the ACE knowledge base, the Network’s primary functions are to: produce relevant and high-quality knowledge, services and core resources to the ACE Project (such as development of the topic areas, case studies, reports, white papers, other materials and information generated by its members); disseminate and put into effective use such knowledge, services and resources; ensure quality-control and their relevance.

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration Legislative Framework Vote Counting. Technology Partiesand Delimitation Candidates Boundary. Systems Voter Registration Voting. Education Electoral. Integrity Electionand. Elections Media Operations Elections Management and The ACE Practitioners’ Network is built on major areas of specialization corresponding to each of the 12 topic areas of the core text of the ACE Project:

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration Supports the development of the ACE knowledge base (through its sub-networks, topic area-based) Provides research, collects and assembles electoral resource materials, studies and information Develops and disseminates new, regionally-based and locally-owned case studies Provides high quality professional electoral advisory services KNOWLEDGE BASE Generates materials for the database of “Questions & Answers” of the archive of Ask the Experts Creates capacity development opportunities, peer-to-peer exchanges, secondments, topicrelated professional visits, events and job opportunities

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration • SHARE KNOWLEDGE: Establishing a professional community of practice As a community of practice, the ACE Practitioners’ Network enables election practitioners to: exchange information and know-how; share opinions, debate technical request and get experiences and issues online; mutual support lessons learned; and solicit input for solutions. The ACE Practitioners’ Network serves as a vehicle for: the delivery of professional advisory services - both among the same Network members and to the ACE community at large; the establishment of a “network of peers” who are in constant contact and interaction, who can rely on and each other, break isolation, solve problems and get timely support; the building of common standards, language, methods and models around specific technical, legal, procedural issues relating to elections; the creation of opportunities for face-to-face meetings and professional development events on a global or a regional level.

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration • SHARE KNOWLEDGE: Establishing a professional community of practice The ACE Practitioners’ Network is based on two man streams: the first peer group comprises electoral practitioners who – regardless of where they live in the world - are grappling with the same or similar issues; the second group, those working in the same region, who are familiar with the social, cultural, geographical and historical particularities of this given area.

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES Provision of electoral advisory services ? ? PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration • SHARE KNOWLEDGE: Establishing a professional community of practice • PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE SERVICES: Offering the combined knowledge services of the Network members to the ACE users Next week our Election Commission will participate to Parliamentary Hearing to decide on the introduction of electronic voting machines based on the Indian model. NO ASK THE VALIDATION YES With these machines there is no possibility PROCESS vote. We would of an EXPERTS invalid or blank urgently like to know your opinion on whether we should include in the machines a blank vote option as a choice for the vote: Is a blank vote a voter’s right? Do protest votes play an important function? How have other countries having electronic voting systems dealt with such an issue?

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK • CONSOLIDATE AND EXPAND KNOWLEDGE: Moving forward the field of election administration • SHARE KNOWLEDGE: Establishing a professional community of practice • PROVIDE KNOWLEDGE SERVICES: Offering the combined knowledge services of the Network members to the ACE users To add a few quick comments to the mix. My colleague Kevin Bodel has made the point that if Though the Indian Electronic Voting machines (EVMs) can be programmed to record “NOTA” I fully agree with Nadia's comment. I just would like to add a specific comment. Almost all the Let me add a couple of comments to Horatio, and Michael's and others' input. I just returned Switzerland has options for blank votes with e-voting, since blank votes are taken into account machines are to be configured in this way, it would be necessary to specify in the law what will option (apropos Michael), the reason it is not so recorded lies in the experience of the past. In machines I know about allow a blank vote (or undervote, as it is the name in the US jargon). from observing the US election. In Florida, the ballot not only involved elections for President, when it comes to voter turnout. I think the answer is quite simple - wherever a blank vote is a be the consequences if (a) "None of the Above" (NOTA) wins an absolute majority (eg NOTA the FPTP voting system of India, contest at the provincial level could be quite close. Many Most of them will inform the voter that s/he is issuing a blank/under vote and ask s/he to ratify Senate and Congress, but also for multiple local offices and for local initiatives. In this kind of possibility in a country, then it has to be offered with e-voting as well. Vice versa - e-voting 60%, Party A 25%, Party B 15%); or (b) NOTA wins a plurality but less than 50% (eg NOTA times the difference between the winning candidate and the trailing candidate is less then the decision to avoid blank votes being issued by mistake. situation where would one draw the line on "none of the above" and what would be the criteria should not offer a possibility (i. e. blank vote) that the traditional way of casting a ballot does not 40%, Party A 35%, Party B 25%). (It has the potential to get messier in preferential and total invalid votes. As you are aware, in the Indian type of EVM at present there is no scope When voting with paper ballots, the inclusion of a box "None of the above" allows differentiating for inclusion or exclusion of this option? ? ? Personally I favour the inclusion of the option but offer. All voters should be treated equally. Best, Nadja proportional systems (for example, if there are 10 vacancies and NOTA wins a quota, should for an invalid or void vote. But if “NOTA” option were to be introduced, then a large number of between blank ballots cast by ignorance or mistake from "purposeful" blank ballots, in the sense choosing it would result in a rejected ballot in order to avoid the complications described. The the number of vacancies to be filled by live candidates drop to 9? ), but I won't worry about that those Indian voters who are illiterate, might mistaken it for some candidate and thus cast vote that the person does not want to vote for any of the available candidates. It is because there is rejected ballots would then be subdivided into none of the above ballots, and ballots rejected for at the moment. ) which will essentially be an invalid vote. Moreover, in the absence of a legal provision, a voter that difference that the inclusion of a specific box "None of the above" makes sense in paper other reasons. It seems to me that whether or not providing voting for NOTA would be a good thing will vary can not exercise the NTOA option. Thus in countries where there is no option available at based systems. Ron from case to case. It will be most justified in situations where the people are genuinely badly present to exercise this option, there it may not be advisable to introduce this option. Similarly In the world of machines, if the machine requires a ratification in the case of a blank/under vote, served by all of their politicians, and where voting is in effect a sham, or bordering on it - but where this option already exists then configuring machines to record NOTA should present this is the equivalent of including an specific box. The voter has opted by a blank vote after those are exactly the sorts of cases in which the elites would have too much sense to introduce no problem. being informed that s/he might be incurring in error. I think that the addition of a specific "none it. By the way, in India, instead of NOTA option, to show their dissatisfaction and angst with of the above" makes sense in the world of machines only if the machine does not inform the In more democratic systems its effects would be more problematical. My personal view is that politicians, sometimes all the voters from certain village decide to boycott the elections: a voter in case of blank/under votes. the system should encourage (though not necessarily compel) people to exercise their power to collective exercise of NOTA option!!! choose. There will always be some people who are genuinely indifferent between the candidates (and they will normally have the option of abstaining), or who feel strongly about lodging a protest vote; but I think that offering NOTA as an explicit option might encourage some people to make a rather glib statement (cynicism being much admired in some circles), when they are not really indifferent between the remaining candidates. I'm not sure that anyone would really be better off for that. Michael ASK THE INDEXING EXPERTS PROCESS

KNOWLEDGE SERVICES PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT 3 The capacity development dimension focuses on types of services: the delivery of training and other professional development activities for election officials from developing countries or emerging democracies; the provision of technical advisory services; the promotion of peer partnerships (especially among electoral management bodies), including staff exchanges and technical visits among peer organizations. The capacity development dimension of the ACE Global Network endeavors to: increase the capacity of electoral management bodies to perform their duties in an efficient and professional manner; enhance the ability of electoral management bodies to function as learning organizations; promote a greater professionalism among electoral administrators; equip beneficiaries with a set of a capacity development tools and methodologies built on the ACE knowledge base; assist EMBs, governments and legal bodies in developing, reviewing or improving improve the legal, policy and regulatory frameworks of elections.

How all these elements will work and interact in practice?

The ACE Global Network Information, procedures, solutions and cost implications associated with organising elections Comparative and country-by-country data on election systems, laws, management and administration epic project Information, knowledge and resources on electoral processes and electoral assistance ELECTORAL RESOURCES Professional online advisory service on electoral processes and systems provided by the ACE Practitioners’ Network ASK THE EXPERTS THE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ONLINE SHARING KNOWLEDGE ON ELECTIONS Submit a Question Access to the comprehensive collection of democracy materials from around the world built by IFES Democracy Direct Voter turnout figures for national presidential and parliamentary elections from 1945 to date Voter Turnout

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via ACE Electronic Publication Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates THE ACE GLOBAL NETWORK: Welcome to Version 2. 0 of the Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Project. This publication contains comprehensive information on various aspects of organizing elections and is divided into twelve major topic areas. To access information on a selected topic, follow the links to the left of your screen or use the search function to locate specific subject matter. The ACE “FOCUS ON” Series Get comprehensive analysis, information and links on particular topics relating election systems, management and administration. The partners of the ACE Project share a commitment to further expanding and enhancing ACE as a high quality knowledge depository of electoral practice, with the aim of building a global partnership to promote knowledge sharing and capacity development. In this spirit, we would like this evolutionary process to involve you, the user. As the ACE Project expands and improves over time, we invite you to share your knowledge, experience and insights with us. Electoral Resources Online A comprehensive database containing election-related materials, samples and resources from all over the word. Democracy Direct An essential stop at IFES for anyone interested in the conduct of elections and the study of contemporary democratic development. Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology Ask the Experts – The ACE Practitioners’ Network Submit your questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network and get professional electoral advice online. About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration The Electoral Forum Participate to online discussions on topics relating to electoral systems, structures, administration, legislation and principles. Global Election Watch subscribe ACE Website Version 2. 0 unsubscribe Copyright 1998 -2007 email: The EPIC Project EPIC provides comparative and country-by country data on election systems, laws, management and administration. The ACE Electoral Quiz Case Studies Test and expand your knowledge of The regional dimension of this the 12 topic areas of the ACE feature offers a collection of case Project, examine issues deeper and studies of electoral experiences improve your skills. from different regions of the world.

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via Electoral Systems Electoral Systems Index Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Related Topics: The Electoral Systems topic area deals with issues relating to the type of representation and the nature of the democracy that electoral systems provide. The choice of electoral system is fundamental to how politics is structured. Once chosen, the electoral system tends to remain fairly constant; thus, the choice is very important. For more general information on this topic area, please select Overview. How are votes counted in different electoral systems? How can electoral systems increase representation of women? Those interested in electoral system design, however, may want to jump to Design Principles. For examples of how electoral systems were chosen (and changed), in fact, one should examine The Process of Choice. Finally, for a discussion on the component parts of electoral systems, including frequency of elections, parliamentary size, methods of voting and translation of votes into seats, one should review the materials found in Design Components. If List PR system is used, in how many and which countries is a highest average formula used? Election Integrity For the purposes of this project, electoral systems are categorised into three broad families: majority-plurality systems, semi-proportional systems and proportional representation systems. Within these families are 10 sub-families. To read about a particular type of electoral system, select one of the three links below. Elections and Technology • Majority-Plurality Systems Vote Counting Media and Elections Find these and other answers in the Electoral System Design database Compare country-by-country electoral systems with EPIC Project Looking for resources and sample materials relating to electoral systems? Browse the comprehensive databases of Electoral Resources Online and Democracy Direct Need technical advice on electoral systems? About the ACE Project • PR Systems Browse the archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts or submit election-related questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network Partner Organizations Please use the feedback buttons to forward suggestions, commentary and additional information that will enrich the topic area. Any particular issue that you want to debate on electoral systems? • Semi-Proportional Systems ACE Registration Global Election Watch subscribe unsubscribe email: Join and participate to online discussions at the Electoral Forum How are votes translated into seats with the Block Vote electoral system? Test and expand your knowledge on electoral systems and explore more in depth important issues with the ACE Electoral Quiz

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via Voter Registration Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Voter Registration Index Free and fair elections are not generally considered possible without a means of verifying legitimate voters. Electoral registers are therefore essential in any voting system. The Voter Registration topic area explores issues relating to the compilation and maintenance of electoral registers. Related Topics: What are the internationallyrecognized standards to be taken into account when assessing a voter registration system? Check the Guidelines for Reviewing the Legal Framework of Elections For more general information on this topic area, please select Overview. Voter registration is often the single most costly component of an election. Therefore, issues relating to cost, including computerization alternatives, have been highlighted. Links to pages looking at periodic lists versus continuous registers or civil lists, computerization, and the pros and cons of self-initiated versus state-initiated registration contribute to the discussion. Questions of inclusivity, administrative inclusion and currency/timeliness are also a major focus. Looking for sample materials relating to voter registration? Vote Counting Major topics within Voter Registration: Browse the comprehensive databases of Electoral Resources Online and Democracy Direct Media and Elections • General Issues Election Integrity • Periodic List of Voters: A Preview Elections and Technology • Continuous Register of Voters: A Preview Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates • Using Civil Registry to Produce Voters List: A Preview About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration Global Election Watch subscribe unsubscribe email: Please use the feedback buttons to forward suggestions, commentary and additional information that will enrich the topic area. What methods are used to compile and update the voters register? Compare voter registration systems country-by-country with the EPIC Project Need technical advice on particular procedural or legal aspect of voter registration? Browse the archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts or submit election-related questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network Any particular issue that you want to debate on voter registration? Join and participate to online discussions at the Electoral Forum Do you know what are the main differences between a Continuous Register of Voters and a Periodic List of Voters? Test and expand your knowledge on voter registration and explore more in depth important issues with the ACE Electoral Quiz

Election Process Information Collection epic project back Français Español Explore by Country | Explore by Topic EPIC Research Results for Voter Registration The following results are available for Voter Registration: Choose another topic: Electoral Systems VR 01. What is the legal voting age in the national elections? Legislative Framework VR 02. Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the Electoral Management national elections? Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Vote Counting VR 03. What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country? VR 04. Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections? VR 05. What is the registration method for national elections? VR 06. How frequently is the voters register updated? VR 07. What methods are used to compile and update the voters register? VR 08. Is it compulsory to be on the voters register? VR 09. Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of registration supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country?

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Election Process Information Collection epic project Home The Project The Partners Comparative and country-by-country data on election systems, laws, management and administration Explore by Country Explore by Topic Choose a topic: The Survey Electoral Systems ACE Project Legislative Framework Electoral Management Feedback Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Français Español Voter Registration Choose a Country Albania Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Vote Counting Armenia Australia Austria Bahamas The EPIC Project is a joint endeavour of Barbados Belgium Bosnia Herzegovina Botswana Cambodia

Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Vote Counting

epic project back Election Process Information Collection Français Español Explore by Country | Explore by Topic EPIC Research Results for Cambodia - Voter Registration: Moldova Compare results for Cambodia with another country: Mozambique Namibia Choose another topic: Netherlands Electoral Systems Nicaragua Legislative Framework Norway Electoral Management Pakistan Boundary Delimitation Panama Voter Education Paraguay Poland Voting Operations Portugal Parties and Candidates Saint Lucia Vote Counting Saint Vincent & the Grenadines VR 01. What is the legal voting age in the national elections? age (years old) 18 comments: VR 02. Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections? a. Citizenship comments: VR 03. What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country? a. Criminal Incarceration d. Mental disability comments: VR 04. Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections? d. Election Management Body (specify) comments: d. )National Election Committee Seychelles Slovakia South Africa Sweden Switzerland Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Kingdom Uruguay Zimbabwe VR 05. What is the registration method for national elections? b. Voters register comments: VR 06. How frequently is the voters register updated? d. During the election period comments: VR 07. What methods are used to compile and update the voters register? e. Appearance by voter at registration office comments: VR 08. Is it compulsory to be on the voters register? b. No comments: VR 09. Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of registration supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country? Percentage: 90% comments:

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via ACE Electronic Publication Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates THE ACE GLOBAL NETWORK: Welcome to Version 2. 0 of the Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Project. This publication contains comprehensive information on various aspects of organizing elections and is divided into twelve major topic areas. To access information on a selected topic, follow the links to the left of your screen or use the search function to locate specific subject matter. The ACE “FOCUS ON” Series Get comprehensive analysis, information and links on particular topics relating election systems, management and administration. The partners of the ACE Project share a commitment to further expanding and enhancing ACE as a high quality knowledge depository of electoral practice, with the aim of building a global partnership to promote knowledge sharing and capacity development. In this spirit, we would like this evolutionary process to involve you, the user. As the ACE Project expands and improves over time, we invite you to share your knowledge, experience and insights with us. Electoral Resources Online A comprehensive database containing election-related materials, samples and resources from all over the word. Democracy Direct An essential stop at IFES for anyone interested in the conduct of elections and the study of contemporary democratic development. Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology Ask the Experts – The ACE Practitioners’ Network Submit your questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network and get professional electoral advice online. About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration The Electoral Forum Participate to online discussions on topics relating to electoral systems, structures, administration, legislation and principles. Global Election Watch subscribe ACE Website Version 2. 0 unsubscribe Copyright 1998 -2007 email: The EPIC Project EPIC provides comparative and country-by country data on election systems, laws, management and administration. The ACE Electoral Quiz Test and expand your knowledge of the 12 topic areas of the ACE Project, examine issues deeper and improve your skills.

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Welcome! Electoral Resources Online is a web-based initiative aiming at providing a focal point for sharing existing information, knowledge and resources on electoral processes and electoral assistance. submit your documents to Electoral Resources Online: user name: browse: by free text search submit log in - register by country or region password: user name: by topic area enter by document type latest additions: home Burkina Faso – Law on Elections about this project partners search the database Yemen – UNDP Electoral Diagnosis Bangladesh – 2003 Ballot Paper Australia - Voter Education Poster change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder Created by a joint effort of the various partners of the Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Project, Electoral Resources Online hosts a comprehensive database that collects, organizes and makes accessible a wide range of resource materials generated over several decades of electoral systems design, electoral administration, electoral observation, electoral reform and technical assistance and other election-related efforts of different nature. Iraq – IECI Resolution Nr 4 Congo– MONUC Electoral Audit Ghana – 2003 Pollworkers Manual

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: submit your documents to Electoral Resources Online: user name: browse: by free text search log in - register by country or region by topic area by document type home about this project partners change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder submit Find documents by entering any single word or exact phrase and press “search”: v o t e r r e g i s t r a t i o n search When using the free text search, here a few tips on optimising your search results: Define what you are looking for as precisely as possible, bearing in mind that the more words you use, the more accurate your search is. Type either the word you want to find (e. g. elections) or type a phrase (e. g. elections Nigeria). If more than two words are entered, records containing these words as a phrase will be retrieved. To find records that contain any one of several words or phrases, enter OR between them. To find all information on the relationship between elections and transparency, for example, enter “elections AND transparency". This will retrieve records where both those concepts are present. searching database. . password: user name: enter latest additions: Burkina Faso – Law on Elections Yemen – UNDP Electoral Diagnosis Bangladesh – 2003 Ballot Paper Australia - Voter Education Poster Iraq – IECI Resolution Nr 4 Congo– MONUC Electoral Audit Ghana – 2003 Pollworkers Manual

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: 79 entries found by free text search by country or region by topic area by document type home about this project partners change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder Cambodia – Voter Registration Form – 1993 National ad Provincial Elections This document is the specimen of the voter registration form used to register eligible voters for the 1993 National elections held under the auspices of the peacekeeping mission of the “United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia” (UNTAC). Registration of voters lasted for several months, enrolling an approximate 23 million citizens for the first democratic elections ever held in Cambodia. Added by Lotta Lann - 12 Apr 2004 add to “my folder” download Electoral Resources Online -----------------------Related Resources: 10/nov/2004 19: 15 The ACE Project: Voter Registration Your selection: 5 documents Topic Area -----------------------As you search the database, you The EPIC Project: Voter Registration can temporarily store all documents BRIDGE: Voter Registration Module of interest into the “my files” folder. These documents can be reviewed Electoral Resources Online: Voter at a later stage when you can Registration Assessments decide if you want download, print, Test your knowledge on Voter discard or forward by email each of Registration: the ACE Electoral Quiz your selected files. -----------------------Democracy Direct: Browse through the collection of IFES Voter Georgia - Voter Registration System - Technical Assessment - ODIHR 1999 This paper is a comprehensive technical assessment conducted by the “Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights” (ODIHR). The document examines the system used in Georgia to compile the voters’ lists, highlights the flaws and problems affecting it, and offers a a set of realistic recommendations for the legal and technical reform of Georgia’s voter registration system. . Added by Antonio Spinelli - 22 Apr 2004 add to “my folder” download Registration Assessments Cambodia – Voter Registration Manual (1998) East Timor – UNTAET Voter Registration Card - 2001 Elections This is a sample of the voter registration form developed and adopted by the “United Nations Transitional Administration In East Timor” (UNTAET). Final voter registration records indicated a total 778, 989 East Timorese registered. On polling day, Timorese voters elected 88 representatives from 12 political parties to form the Constituent Assembly that drafted East Timor's first Constitution. Added by Stina Larserud - 12 Apr 2004 add to “my folder” download India – Constitution Yemen – Voter Registration Diagnosis – UNDP 2000 This study, conducted by the “United Nations Development Programme” (UNDP), examines different alternatives to reform Yemen to voter registration system. It provides an in-depth analysis of three alternatives to reform the systems, including advantages and disadvantages of the each, costs and technology implications, possible challenges and finally a set of recommendations is also offered. Added by Antonio Spinelli - 22 Apr 2004 add to “my folder” download 4 of 79 Next 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 Electoral Resources Online: Acces a vast collection of sample Voter Mexico – Electoral Law Registration Forms and Voter’s Cards Bangladesh - Ballot Paper (200) Democracy Direct: Sample Voter Registration Forms Guidelines for Reviewing the Legal Framework of Elections: Reviewing Indonesia – Electoral Regulations a Voter registration System (2004) download Other Links on Voter Registration view print Do you need assistance on any legal or procedural aspect of voter delete registration? Submit your questions to Ask the Experts and the ACE email Practitioners’ Network …more

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: submit your documents to Electoral Resources Online: user name: browse: by free text search To run a search by region and country, click on the drop down arrow and select the appropriate country or region relating to the resource material/s you are looking for – or use the interactive geographical map below: by country or region AFRICA by topic area by document type home AMERICAS ASIA Choose a Country Algeria Choose a Country MIDDLE EAST OCEANIA Choose a Country Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon project partners Cape Verde Espaňol Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo my files: saved documents my folder log in - register Choose a Country Angola EUROPE Benin Choose a Country Botswana about this project change language: submit Côte d'Ivoire Democratic searching database. . Republic of the Congo password: user name: enter latest additions: Burkina Faso – Law on Elections Yemen – UNDP Electoral Diagnosis Bangladesh – 2003 Ballot Paper Australia - Voter Education Poster Iraq – IECI Resolution Nr 4 Congo– MONUC Electoral Audit Ghana – 2003 Pollworkers Manual

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Related Resources: Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: The ACE Project: Elections in South Africa, Case Study The EPIC Project: South Africa by free text search Country Profile: South Africa by country or region Country Overview Description of Electoral System Review of Previous Elections Electoral System Design: The electoral system of South Africa The Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) of South African Parliament Online by topic area Archives by document type project partners change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder Electoral Evaluations and Audits 4 2 3 4 Electoral Sample Materials 12 6 Electoral Observation 19 7 Electoral Training Materials 14 9 Election Administration Documents 11 3 Gender and Elections 16 7 Media and Elections 5 2 Technology and Elections 10 Political Parties and Candidates 13 8 9 0 Election-Related News Articles 56 47 Official Results of the 2004 National and Provincial Assembly Elections 1 Civic and Voter Education about this project Links Electoral Legislation home Available Documents Useful Election Links 93 The Electoral Institute of Southern Africa (EISA) IDASA South Africa: UNDP Country Office Electionworld. org: Elections in South Africa SADC Electoral Commissions’ Forum The ACE Practitioners’ Network: Southern Africa Do you need electoral assistance online? Submit your questions to Ask the Experts and the ACE Practitioners’ Network …more

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Related Resources: Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: 12 entries found by free text search by country or region by topic area by document type home about this project partners change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder Country Profile: South Africa: Electoral Legislation South Africa – Government Gazette – Elections Regulations As established by Article 100 of the Electoral Act, 1998 (Act No. 73 of 1998) of the Republic of South Africa, the “Independent Electoral Commission” is to define the regulations governing the electoral process. This version of the Elections Regulations provides definitions of electoral terms, regulations for voting stations, for special votes, declaration votes and tendered ballot papers, in addition to voting and counting procedures for ordinary and mobile voting stations. Added by L. Lann - 12 Apr 2004 add to ”my folder” download South Africa – Regulations for Municipal Elections This document consists in the regulations established by the ”Independent Electoral Commission” of South Africa to govern Municipal elections. The Regulations for Municipal Elections provides definitions of electoral terms, regulations for voting stations, for special votes, declaration votes and tendered ballot papers, voting and counting procedures for ordinary/mobile voting stations. Added by A. Spinelli - 22 Apr 2004 add to ”my folder” download South Africa – Electoral Commission Act This document is the 1996 version of the “Electoral Commission Act” of South Africa, the law that defines the mandate, role and responsibilities of the Independent Electoral Commission. It contains various sections which establish all functions and tasks pertaining to the IEC to fulfill its mandate of supervising, organizing and conducting elections in the republic of South Africa. Added by L. Lann - 12 Apr 2004 add to ”my folder” download 3 of 12 Next 1 | 2 | 3 South Africa: Electoral Legislation Online Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) of South Africa The Electoral Institute of Southern Africa (EISA) IDASA GOVZA: 2003 Legislation Index Electoral Models for South Africa: Reflections and Options. . . Mapping an Electoral Code for the African Union, NEPAD and. . . Constitutional Court of South African Studies Center: South Africa Page www. electionworld. org: Electoral Legislation of South Africa: Politics and Government Do you need electoral assistance online? Submit your questions to Ask the Experts and the ACE Practitioners’ Network …more

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: submit your documents to Electoral Resources Online: user name: browse: by free text search To run a search by topic area, select the most appropriate topic for the resource material/s that you are looking for: Electoral Systems Political Parties and Candidates Legislative Framework of Elections Training and Capacity Building Electoral Standards and Principles Electoral Observation Electoral Management Gender and Electoral Participation Boundary Delimitation Technology and Elections home Voter Registration Voting and Counting Operations Electoral Dispute Resolution project partners Civic and Voter Education log in - register Media and Elections about this project submit by country or region by topic area by document type password: user name: enter latest additions: Burkina Faso – Law on Elections Yemen – UNDP Electoral Diagnosis Bangladesh – 2003 Ballot Paper Australia - Voter Education Poster Iraq – IECI Resolution Nr 4 change language: Congo– MONUC Electoral Audit Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder searching database. . Ghana – 2003 Pollworkers Manual

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Related Resources: Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: by free text search by country or region Country by topic area by document type home Organization Document type about this project partners Date change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder The ACE Project: See Election Integrity Topic Area: Monitors of Election Integrity: International Election Observation Search by Topic Area: Electoral Observation Region Keyword Select this search option to retrieve documents by region Select this search option to retrieve documents by country Select this search to retrieve documents by organization Africa choose a region Americas Asia Ghana choose a country Algeria Europe Angola Middle East Benin Oceania choose an organization Botswana Burkina Faso Select this search option to retrieve available resources by type of document Cameroon choose document type Chad Select this search option to retrieve documents by date it was written Congo choose a date Côte d'Ivoire Select this search option to enter a specific keyword for a free text search within this archive searching database. . International IDEA: Ethical Principles for Professional Electoral Observation Comoros Electoral Resources Online: browse a wide collection of Electoral Observation Reports from all over the world Links to international and domestic organizations conducting Electoral Observation activities Test and expand your knowledge on Electoral Observation: the ACE Electoral Quiz Democracy Direct: a comprehensive collection of IFES Electoral Observation Reports accessible online Egypt Eritrea Ethiopia Gambia Ghana search Do you need assistance on any aspect of electoral observation? Submit your questions to Ask the Experts and the ACE Practitioners’ Network …more

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Related Resources: Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: 4 entries found by free text search by country or region by topic area by document type home about this project partners change language: Espaňol my files: saved documents my folder Search by Topic Area: Electoral Observation: Ghana – Commonwealth Electoral Observation Report - 1996 Elections This document is the final report of the electoral observation mission conducted by the Commonwealth for the 1996 national elections in Ghana. A total of 609 observers were deployed throughout the country for a period of three weeks. Observers monitored the election campaign, the logistical preparations for the elections, and on polling day, voting and counting procedures. Added by L. Lann - 12 Apr 2004 add to ”my folder” download Ghana – Code of Conduct for Election Observers – 1996 Elections The presence of observers at elections is considered generaly healthy in the context of assessing the level of acceptability of the elections themeselves. The code of conduct developed by the Election Commission for domestic and international observers. The code covers aspects of accreditation, proper behavior in the polling stations, rights to observe but not to interfere, regulations to ensure integrity and transparency of the work of the observers. Added by A. Spinelli - 22 Apr 2004 add to ”my folder” download Ghana - Preliminary Statement - Carter Centre – 2000 Elections This document presents the preliminary statement issued by the Carter Centre following the observation exercise of the national Elections held in Ghana in 2000. The Carter Centre deployed 35 teams of international observers to monitor all phases and aspects related to the preparation and conduct of these elections. A final statement, providing more detailed findings and recommendations for improved was also released at a later stage. Added by L. Lann - 12 Apr 2004 add to ”my folder” download Ghana – International Observer Card – 2000 General Elections This is the specimen of the accreditation card issued to international observers and to be displayed while performing their duties in observing al stages of the electoral process. The card was designed by the Public Relations Unit of the Election Commission of Ghana. Added by L. Lann - 12 Apr 2004 add to “my folder” download National Electoral Commission of Ghana: IFES – 1996 National Elections – Final Election Observation Report Association of African Electoral Authorities (AAEA) Organization of the African Union ECOWAS Electoral Resources Online: Ghana - Country Profile The Carter Centre: Electoral Observation Mission to Ghana - 2000 Commonwealth Secretariat: 1996 Observation Mission to Ghana The ACE Project: 1996 National Elections in Ghana, Case Study EU Election Observation Mission to Ghana 2002: Press Releases Do you need assistance on any aspect of electoral observation? Submit your questions to Ask the Experts and the ACE Practitioners’ Network …more

ELECTORALRESOURCESONLINE S H A R I N G ● K N O W L E D G E ● O N ● E L E C T I O N S EPIC Project Democracy Direct Electoral System Design Electoral Forum Ask the Experts ACE Electoral Quiz Search the Database Electoral Resources Online allows you to operate a free text search or to narrow your search by country and region, topic area or document type: by free text search by country or region To run a search by document type, select the appropriate documentation category for the resource material/s you are looking for. Electoral Evaluations and Audits - This archive contains a collection of reports and audits covering electoral processes or electoral assistance projects. Electoral Laws and Regulations – This archive features a collection of electionrelated laws, constitutions and regulations. by topic area by document type home about this project partners change language: Espaňol Français my files: Portuguese Arabic saved documents my folder Electoral Case Studies, Papers & Essays - This archive contains resource materials relating to studies, papers and essays covering a wide range of electoral themes. Electoral Observation Reports - Election observation reports from all over the world are catalogued under this archive. Electoral Training Materials - Training manuals and guidebooks, visual aids, training videos, quick reference guides and other training materials can be found here. Civic and Voter Education Materials – This archive contains a wealth of civic and voter education materials from all over the world Ballot Papers - Protocols and Forms – Samples of ballot papers, electoral protocols and forms are archived here. News Articles on Elections – A wide collection of election-related news articles. Useful Election Links - Browse this folder to find a comprehensive collection of useful election-related links, online databases, web pages of organizations and of electoral management bodies worldwide. submit your documents to Electoral Resources Online: user name: browse: submit log in - register password: user name: enter latest additions: Burkina Faso – Law on Elections Yemen – UNDP Electoral Diagnosis Bangladesh – 2003 Ballot Paper Australia - Voter Education Poster Iraq – IECI Resolution Nr 4 Congo– MONUC Electoral Audit Ghana – 2003 Pollworkers Manual

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via ACE Electronic Publication Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates THE ACE GLOBAL NETWORK: Welcome to Version 2. 0 of the Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Project. This publication contains comprehensive information on various aspects of organizing elections and is divided into twelve major topic areas. To access information on a selected topic, follow the links to the left of your screen or use the search function to locate specific subject matter. The ACE “FOCUS ON” Series Get comprehensive analysis, information and links on particular topics relating election systems, management and administration. The partners of the ACE Project share a commitment to further expanding and enhancing ACE as a high quality knowledge depository of electoral practice, with the aim of building a global partnership to promote knowledge sharing and capacity development. In this spirit, we would like this evolutionary process to involve you, the user. As the ACE Project expands and improves over time, we invite you to share your knowledge, experience and insights with us. Electoral Resources Online A comprehensive database containing election-related materials, samples and resources from all over the word. Democracy Direct An essential stop at IFES for anyone interested in the conduct of elections and the study of contemporary democratic development. Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology Ask the Experts – The ACE Practitioners’ Network Submit your questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network and get professional electoral advice online. About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration The Electoral Forum Participate to online discussions on topics relating to electoral systems, structures, administration, legislation and principles. Global Election Watch subscribe ACE Website Version 2. 0 unsubscribe Copyright 1998 -2007 email: The EPIC Project EPIC provides comparative and country-by country data on election systems, laws, management and administration. The ACE Electoral Quiz Test and expand your knowledge of the 12 topic areas of the ACE Project, examine issues deeper and improve your skills.

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project partners register - log in: user name: password: EPIC Project Democracy Direct sign out Archive of Questions & Answers Welcome to ASK THE EXPERTS BY CATEGORY: Ask the Experts is an interactive, online advisory service on electoral processes and systems. It is designed to meet a growing demand for timely, coherent and effective technical and policy advice within the global electoral community, including electoral management bodies, governments, legislators, civil society organisations, the democracy assistance community, election practitioners, civil activists, the media and any other interested audience. ► TECHNICAL AND POLICY ADVICE: Through Ask the Experts, users pose pertinent questions on election administration, electoral systems and structures to the ACE Practitioners’ Network, a pool of election professionals having a diverse and complementary experience and specialisation. Electoral Standards & Principles BY EXPERT: Archer, Keith BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: ► REPOSITORY OF KNOWLEDGE: Through the self-feeding system of enter change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback Ask the Experts, the questions generated by the audience and the answers provided by the ACE Practitioners’ Network contribute to an archive of Questions & Answers that, properly organised, serves as a repository of quality electoral knowledge that is available to the public at large. ► COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE: The Electoral Forum of Ask the Experts, integrated with the topics generated by the Questions and Answers, allows for a dialogue and networking between experts and election practitioners and for the sharing of good electoral practice, knowledge and information. Submit a Question Type your question here: search Electoral Forum Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project partners register - log in: user name: password: enter change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback EPIC Project Ask the Experts sign out How does ASK THE EXPERTS work? Users submit their technical requests through the “help desk” function of Ask the Experts. Each request, when received and before being redirected to the network, has to be validated, to ensure that only pertinent requests are sent to the ACE Practitioners’ Network. • If the request fails to be validated, the user is notified of the rejection. • If validated, the request is redirected to the relevant expert/s of the ACE Practitioners’ Network. The Experts receive the request together with a given timeline by which their answers have to be returned. Each expert independently formulates his or her answer and returns it to Ask the Experts. As soon as received by Ask the Experts, the answers are examined, catalogued under the relevant categories and posted on the webpage. At this point, an email alert is sent to the user who submitted the request. All answers are entered into the webpage’s archive, both to be read by the given user and by the general public of Ask the Experts. Submit a Question Type your question here: Democracy Direct Archive of Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Electoral Standards & Principles BY EXPERT: Archer, Keith BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: search Electoral Forum Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Recent Questions about. . . Your name: John S. Doe I would like to know what are the advantages and disadvantages of Your email: establishing a photo voters’ register in addition to photo voter IDs… js. doe@yahoo. com …sending request… request sent! Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project EPIC Project Archive of Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Welcome to the Archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts. The archive is organized to facilitate the search and retrieval of pertinent information. project partners Questions & Answers can be retrieved through the following search criteria: register - log in: Use this option to search entries catalogued under the various topic areas of an electoral process (for example: electoral systems, voting operations, voter registration, etc). user name: BY EXPERT password: Select this option to access the archive of Question and Answers according to answers provided by a given Expert. BY DATE This option allows you to browse the archive and sort the questions and answers therein contained according to the date in which the answers were initially submitted. BY LANGUAGE Select this option to sort available questions and answer according to the language in which they were submitted BY FREE TEXT SEARCH enter This option allows you to run a free text search, with a keyword of your choice change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback Ask the Experts sign out Previous Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY Democracy Direct Submit a Question Type your question here: Electoral Standards & Principles Electoral Systems BY EXPERT: Legislative Framework Archer, Keith Electoral Management Beramendi Heine, Virgina BY DATE: Electoral Observation Brady, Jeff November 2004 Voter Education Carrico, Jim October 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Voter Registration Helgason, Kristinn September 2004 Espaňol Voting Operations Maguire, Linda August 2004 Français FREE TEXT SEARCH: Parties and Candidates Navarro, Carlos July 2004 English Type a keyword here … search Vote Counting Ngidi, Sa June 2004 Bahasa Indonesia Media and Elections Pearce Laanela, Therese May 2004 Arabic Electoral Forum Electoral Training / Capacity Rwakins, Phillip Building Share information and comparative Doe, John experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore Elections and Technology substantive issues relating to the electoral Spinelli, Antonio Gender in Elections field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Voter Turnout & Participation Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home Previous Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: ENTRIES change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback 20 15 Electoral Management 34 Electoral Observation 23 42 Voter Registration 23 12 Parties and Candidates 47 Media and Elections 34 Electoral Training / Capacity Building 12 Elections and Technology 29 21 Electoral Standards & Principles 25 Voter Turnout & Participation enter Electoral Systems Gender in Elections password: 24 Vote Counting user name: Electoral Standards and Principles Voting Operations register - log in: Ask the Experts Archive of Questions & Answers Voter Education project partners Democracy Direct sign out Legislative Framework about this project EPIC Project 10 Submit a Question Type your question here: BY EXPERT: Archer, Keith BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: search Electoral Forum Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project partners register - log in: user name: password: enter change language: Espaňol new search feedback Democracy Direct Ask the Experts sign out Archive of Questions & Answers Previous Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Voter Registration 23 entries Voter Registration (submitted on 24 April 2004) Photographic voters´ lists, pro and cons. I would like to know what are the advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters´ register in addition to photo voter IDs (which appears very expensive, complex and time consuming) as against having non-photo voters register with photo ID cards? Could you present a cost-benefit analysis of the two options? I will be grateful if you could provide me as much information as possible with regard to this matter. Looking forward to hearing from you 4 Answers Available Add Comments Voter Registration (submitted on 19 April 2004) Soy una profesora de Ciencia Política y de la Administración de la Universidad de Valencia. Estaría interesada en los "materiales de muestra" que se indican en su página web sobre el proyecto “Administración y Costo de Elecciones”. No sé por qué cuando intento consultarlo es como si estuviera vacío o no se pudiera acceder a él. Lo he probado varios días sin éxito. Por un trabajo que estoy elaborando, me interesaría tener una muestra de papeletas de votación de distintos países (en especial, de aquellos que tienen sistemas electorales mixtos). ¿Podrían ayudarme y mandarme información al respecto? 3 Answers Available Add Comments 2 of 23 search tips EPIC Project BY EXPERT: Archer, Keith BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: search Electoral Forum Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. NEXT PAGE ► Submit a Question Type your question here: Electoral Standards & Principles Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project partners EPIC Project Archive of Questions & Answers Previous Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Welcome to the Archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts. The archive is organized in an efficient way so to facilitate the search and retrieval of pertinent information. Questions & Answers can be retrieved through the following search criteria: user name: password: Select this option to access the archive of Question and Answers according to answers provided by a given Expert. BY CATEGORY BY EXPERT enter BY DATE change language: This option allows you to browse the archive and sort the questions and answers therein contained according to the date in which the answers were initially submitted. search tips new search feedback BY LANGUAGE Select this option to sort available questions and answer according to the language in which they were submitted BY FREE TEXT SEARCH Espaňol Ask the Experts sign out Use this option to search entries catalogued under the various topic areas of an electoral process (for example: electoral systems, voting operations, voter registration, etc). register - log in: Democracy Direct This option allows you to run a free text search, with a keyword of your choice Submit a Question Type your question here: Electoral Standards & Principles BY EXPERT: Archer, Keith BY DATE: November 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: search Electoral Forum Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home EPIC Project Ask the Experts sign out Archive of Questions & Answers Previous Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Electoral Standards & Principles BY EXPERT about this project partners Democracy Direct BY EXPERT: JOINED: ANSWERS: Archer, Keith ▲ 005 Archer, Keith password: enter change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback 013 Beramendi, Virginia 2004 5 View Profile 001 Brady, Jeff 2003 8 View Profile 014 Carrico, Jim 2002 6 View Profile 002 Helgason, Kristinn 2002 4 View Profile 2003 6 View Profile 011 Navarro, Carlos 2003 7 View Profile 008 Ngidi, Sa 2004 7 View Profile 003 Laanela, Therese 2002 5 View Profile Electoral Forum 012 Doe, John S. user name: 4 View Profile 006 Maguire, Linda register - log in: 2003 2001 9 View Profile 004 Spinelli, Antonio 2004 4 View Profile Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Submit a Question Type your question here: BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: search ▼ Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Submit Question Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS EPIC Project about this project partners Archive of Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Browse Previous Questions & Answers Electoral Standards & Principles BY EXPERT: EXPERT: Doe, John S. register - log in: user name: password: John S. Doe enter Ask the Experts sign out home Democracy Direct Archer, Keith 009 John Doe specializes in election processes reform in Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as in the democratic challenges in the Caspian region more generally. He has followed the electoral process in Russia and the states of the former Soviet Union for more than 15 years and has traveled extensively in this region and in South-East Asia. ▲ BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: search Email: jsdoe@ip. org Dr. Doe currently serves as the Executive Director of the Free and Fair Elections Consortium in Georgia. Electoral Forum Expertise: Electoral Systems, Legislative Framework, Electoral Management. . . more Prior to his work at the Caucasus Project, Doe worked as a professor at the Faculty of Political Science at the Oxford University, from 1995 to 1998. Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Recent Papers: Reforming Georgia's Electoral System, The Way Ahead Dr. Doe also served for five years as a director of the Trust Fund for Democracy and as a senior international electoral advisor for the Quorum Foundation to the Central Electoral Commission of Armenia. change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback Recent Questions about. . . Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Languages: English, Russian, French Joined ASK IDEA in: Education: M. A. , Ph. D. , University of Maputo. May 2001 ▼ Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project partners register - log in: ACE Project EPIC Project The ACE Practitioners’ Network The electoral advisory services of Ask the Experts are provided by the ACE Practitioners’ Network, a pool of electoral experts composed of professionals with diverse and complementary electoral experience and specialisation. Experts of the ACE Practitioners’ Network provide the answers to the technical queries, advice and information requests and other questions posed through the online services of Ask the Experts. Democracy Direct Ask the Experts sign out How to register: Step 1: Apply Online submit a new application upload your cv C: DocumentsCVjsd cv. doc user name: password: enter change language: Espaňol search tips submit Experts wishing to become memebers of the ACE Practitioners’ Network must possess the following qualifications: Step 2: Evaluation Proven professional and/or academic experience, preferably at senior level, in the areas of electoral systems, electoral legislation and procedures, election administration, electoral assistance and observation. Extensive knowledge of electoral systems, election administration and processes, review of election laws and regulations, development of procedures, guidelines and handbooks, training of election officials. Experience in the development and management of electoral assistance projects and in electoral observation missions (core team) is an asset. Specific regional knowledge of election systems and processes in a broad number of countries worldwide is also required. Each application will be carefully reviewed by Ask the Experts. Those applicants who qualify for joining the ACE Practitioners’ Network will receive a username and password to be used in the box below to log on, register online and to update their public profiles. Step 3: Register Online username: 009 password: ****** new search feedback enter

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS EPIC Project Democracy Direct Ask the Experts sign out home about this project Step 2: Select areas of expertise Step 1: Fill in the registration form First Name: John S. Last Name: Doe Title: DR. project partners register - log in: user name: Birth: Address: 21 May 1947 n/a Citizenship: Indicate the areas of expertise on which you offer to provide answers to questions received through ASK the Experts: x x n/a Electoral Observation Email jsdoe@ip. org Tel/fax: n/a Civic and Voter Education enter Espaňol Professional Experience: Other Relevant Experience Languages: search tips Legislative Framework Electoral Management password: change language: Electoral Systems Education: John Doe specializes in election processes reform in Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as in the democratic challenges … x x Prior to his work at the Caucasus Project, Doe worked as a professor at the Faculty of Political Science at the Oxford Univ… Voting Operations Parties and Candidates x English, Russian, French M. A. , Ph. D. , University of Maputo. Voter Registration Vote Counting Media and Elections Edit your Profile: new search feedback John Doe specializes in election processes reform in Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as Electoral Training/Capacity Bldg x Elections and Technology Gender in Elections Voter Turnout & Participation Step 3: Submit your information x submit Electoral Forum

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project partners register - log in: user name: password: EPIC Project Democracy Direct sign out Welcome to ASK THE EXPERTS Ask the Experts is an interactive, online advisory service on electoral processes and systems. It is designed to meet a growing demand for timely, coherent and effective technical and policy advice within the global electoral community, including electoral management bodies, governments, legislators, civil society organisations, the democracy assistance community, election practitioners, civil activists, the media and any other interested audience. ► TECHNICAL AND POLICY ADVICE: Through Ask the Experts, users pose pertinent questions on election administration, electoral systems and structures to the ACE Practitioners’ Network, a pool of election professionals having a diverse and complementary experience and specialisation. Archive of Questions & Answers BY CATEGORY: Electoral Standards & Principles BY EXPERT: Archer, Keith BY DATE: January 2004 BY LANGUAGE: Espaňol FREE TEXT SEARCH: ► REPOSITORY OF KNOWLEDGE: Through the self-feeding system of enter change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback Ask the Experts, the questions generated by the audience and the answers provided by the ACE Practitioners’ Network contribute to an archive of Questions & Answers that, properly organised, serves as a repository of quality electoral knowledge that is available to the public at large. ► COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE: The Electoral Forum of Ask the Experts, integrated with the topics generated by the Questions and Answers, allows for a dialogue and networking between experts and election practitioners and for the sharing of good electoral practice, knowledge and information. Submit a Question Type your question here: search Electoral Forum Share information and comparative experiences in the Bulletin Board, explore substantive issues relating to the electoral field with experienced professionals and participate in interactive discussions online. Recent Questions about. . . Your name: Your email: Voter Registration (submiited: 24 June 2004) I’d like to know advantages and disadvantages of establishing a photo voters’ register, in addition to photo voter IDs. …more Elections & Technology (submitted 2 June 2004) Election administration and technology are critical components of an election, getting increasingly related, needing to be carefully evaluated when formulating an assistance project …more

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS home about this project EPIC Project Democracy Direct Ask the Experts sign out Electoral Forum ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK log in | registration | my profile | search | faq | forum home » your are logged in as antspin Electoral Forum » project partners bulletin boards register - log in: user name: password: enter change language: Espaňol search tips new search feedback posts Voter Registration This discussion topic covers issues relating to voter registration in electoral processes. 23 Elections and Technology This discussion topic provides a forum on the use of technology in elections. 12 Electoral Systems The right place where to discuss issues relating to different aspects, advantages and disadvantages of various electoral systems. 9 Voter Education Voter information and education campaigns are an integral part of an electoral process. 2 Electoral Management Electoral management is essentially about the administrative infrastructure required to support the democratic process of elections. 4 last post The use of photographic lists in voter registration moderator antspin Posted by antspin – 14 June 2004 Ways in which technology in election may be controversial thelaa posted by thelaa – 11 May 2004 What is the most suitable electoral system for Saudi Arabia? andell Posted by andell – 13 June 2004 How voter education could help raising turnout in elections margra Posted by margra – 3 June 2004 Which mechanisms could be put in place to support an EMB to be truly “independent”? Posted by jorruk – 3 June 2004 jorruk

THE ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK ACE Project ASK THE EXPERTS Democracy Direct Ask the Experts sign out Electoral Forum ACE PRACTITIONERS’ NETWORK log in | registration | my profile | search | faq | forum home about this project EPIC Project » your are logged in as antspin Electoral Forum » Bulletin Board » Electoral Systems project partners Send this page by email register - log in: user name: Total number of pages for this topic: 1 2 3 4 5 USER antspin member 111 Topic: Electoral Systems Message sent on: 14 June 2004 13: 21 password: Well, by referring to a mixed proportional representation system, I intended to bring into the discussion a possible alternative that, for personal experience, proved to be responsive to an environment similar to the one being examined. Also, recent surveys conducted by various international and domestic organizations very active on ground, seem to support my opinion with numbers and statistics collected nationwide. Anyway, your opinion is welcome, as it provides a a new and interesting perspective on this very subject. enter Messages: 15 | From: Yemen | Registered on: Mar 2004 | IP: Online thelaa member 031 change language: Message sent on 11 June 2004 18: 45 Frankly, I am convinced that the question posed by andell is not being address from the right angle. In your analysis there is an important point that seems to be completely missing, which is the fact that these type of electoral systems seem to have produced controversial results in terms of political representation when adopted and implemented in transitional situations. Espaňol Messages: 65 | From: Sweden | Registered on: Dec 2003 | IP: Offline search tips margra member 121 new search Message sent on 9 june 2004 11: 17 My experience with this topic is somehow limited, but I would invite you to cover this subject also from a point of view of representation, including women, the illiterate and disabled voters and minority and other vulnerable segments of the society. Messages: 45 | From: Australia | Registered on: June 2003 | IP: Offline feedback andell member 001 Message sent on 31 May 09: 30 Good point! I would like to add that, when considering transitional elections in post-conflict environments, one has to also give careful consideration the proper sequencing of the various operations and aspects comprising an electoral process and that the same level of support should be provided both to the technical and political aspects of the transition process… Messages: 625 | From: Indonesia | Registered on: Jan 2000 | IP: Offline

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via ACE Electronic Publication Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates THE ACE GLOBAL NETWORK: Welcome to Version 2. 0 of the Administration and Cost of Elections (ACE) Project. This publication contains comprehensive information on various aspects of organizing elections and is divided into twelve major topic areas. To access information on a selected topic, follow the links to the left of your screen or use the search function to locate specific subject matter. The ACE “FOCUS ON” Series Get comprehensive analysis, information and links on particular topics relating election systems, management and administration. The partners of the ACE Project share a commitment to further expanding and enhancing ACE as a high quality knowledge depository of electoral practice, with the aim of building a global partnership to promote knowledge sharing and capacity development. In this spirit, we would like this evolutionary process to involve you, the user. As the ACE Project expands and improves over time, we invite you to share your knowledge, experience and insights with us. Electoral Resources Online A comprehensive database containing election-related materials, samples and resources from all over the word. Democracy Direct An essential stop at IFES for anyone interested in the conduct of elections and the study of contemporary democratic development. Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology Ask the Experts – The ACE Practitioners’ Network Submit your questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network and get professional electoral advice online. About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration The Electoral Forum Participate to online discussions on topics relating to electoral systems, structures, administration, legislation and principles. Global Election Watch subscribe ACE Website Version 2. 0 unsubscribe Copyright 1998 -2007 email: The EPIC Project EPIC provides comparative and country-by country data on election systems, laws, management and administration. The ACE Electoral Quiz Test and expand your knowledge of the 12 topic areas of the ACE Project, examine issues deeper and improve your skills.

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other ACE Electoral Quiz search via Welcome to the Electoral Quiz of the ACE Project Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology Welcome to the Electoral Quiz. The Quiz has been designed to offer an opportunity to ACE users to expand their knowledge and have a more thorough understanding of the various topic areas of the ACE Project. The ACE Electoral Quiz consists of a set of ten questions for each of the twelve topic areas of the ACE Project. Each question presents multiple choice questions on a wide range of subjects. With each question having a variable number of possible answers, you have to select your choice of correct answer by clicking on the appropriate button. When you have answered all the questions, or as many as you can, you will get a final score to evaluate your performance. At the end of each test in every topic area, the Electoral Quiz provides a summary is also provided with a detailed explanation and further reading on the various topics and issues relating to the questions posed. Links to websites having close relevance with the topics dealt by each of the questions are also provided. To start your test now, please select one of the twelve topic areas of the ACE Project on the left menu of this page. Partner Organizations ACE Registration subscribe unsubscribe email: The ACE “FOCUS ON” Series Get comprehensive analysis, information and links on particular topics relating election systems, management and administration. The EPIC Project EPIC provides comparative and country-by country data on election systems, laws, management and administration. Electoral Resources Online A comprehensive database containing election-related materials, samples and resources from all over the word. Democracy Direct An essential stop at IFES for anyone interested in the conduct of elections and the study of contemporary democratic development. Ask the Experts – The ACE Practitioners’ Network Submit your questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network and get professional electoral advice online. About the ACE Project Global Election Watch THE ACE GLOBAL NETWORK: The Electoral Forum Participate to online discussions on topics relating to electoral systems, structures, administration, legislation and principles. ACE Website Version 2. 0 Copyright 1998 -2007 The ACE Electoral Quiz Test and expand your knowledge of the 12 topic areas of the ACE Project, examine issues deeper and improve your skills.

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via The Electoral Quiz of the ACE Project Your selected topic area is: Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations The choice of electoral systems is one of the most important institutional decisions for any democracy, yet rarely is an electoral system consciously and deliberately selected. Often the choice is accidental, the result of an unusual combination of circumstances. Yet in almost all cases the choice of a particular electoral system has a profound effect on the future political life of the country concerned. Related Topics: How are votes counted in different electoral systems? How can electoral systems increase representation of women? Find these and other answers in the Electoral System Design database If List PR system is used, in how many and which countries is a highest average formula used? Compare country-by-country electoral systems with EPIC Project Looking for resources and sample materials relating to electoral systems? Vote Counting In most cases, electoral systems, once chosen, remain fairly constant as political interests congeal around and respond to the incentives presented by them. Media and Elections Election Integrity TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS Need technical advice on electoral systems? Choose the correct answer for each of the following 10 questions Browse the archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts or submit election-related questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network Parties and Candidates Elections and Technology About the ACE Project Press NEXT ► at the bottom of each page to go through the full test Partner Organizations Any particular issue that you want to debate on electoral systems? ACE Registration start the quiz Global Election Watch subscribe unsubscribe email: Browse the comprehensive databases of Electoral Resources Online and Democracy Direct Join and participate to online discussions at the Electoral Forum How are votes translated into seats with the Block Vote electoral system? Test and expand your knowledge on electoral systems and explore more in depth important issues with the ACE Electoral Quiz

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via Related Topics: The Electoral Quiz of the ACE Project How are votes counted in different electoral systems? How can electoral systems increase representation of women? Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management QUESTION 1 OF 10: TAKE YOUR PICK What is the most frequently used electoral system in the world? If List PR system is used, in how many and which countries is a highest average formula used? Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Compare country-by-country electoral systems with EPIC Project A: The List PR System Looking for resources and sample materials relating to electoral systems? B: The First Past the Post System (FPTP) Parties and Candidates Vote Counting Browse the comprehensive databases of Electoral Resources Online and Democracy Direct C: The Two Round System (TRS) Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology D: The Block Vote Need technical advice on electoral systems? E: The. Single Transferable Vote (STV) Browse the archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts or submit election-related questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration Correct! Global Election Watch The PR List is the electoral system most used in the world the electoral system check email: Any particular issue that you want to debate on electoral systems? Join and participate to online discussions at the Electoral Forum YOUR SCORE: 100 subscribe unsubscribe Find these and other answers in the Electoral System Design database next How are votes translated into seats with the Block Vote electoral system? Test and expand your knowledge on electoral systems and explore more in depth important issues with the ACE Electoral Quiz

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via Related Topics: The Electoral Quiz of the ACE Project How are votes counted in different electoral systems? How can electoral systems increase representation of women? Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation QUESTION 2 OF 10: TAKE YOUR PICK What (unusual/uncommon or similar) electoral system – which included voters casting one vote for one candidate in multi-member districts – was used in Japan between 1947 and 1993? Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Looking for resources and sample materials relating to electoral systems? B: Block Vote Browse the comprehensive databases of Electoral Resources Online and Democracy Direct C: Single Transferable Vote (STV) Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology D: The Two Round System (TRS) Need technical advice on electoral systems? E: The First Past the Post System (FPTP) Browse the archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts or submit election-related questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network About the ACE Project Partner Organizations ACE Registration Global Election Watch Wrong! The Single Non-Transferable Vote (SNTV) is most used in Japan the electoral system most used in the check email: Any particular issue that you want to debate on electoral systems? Join and participate to online discussions at the Electoral Forum YOUR SCORE: 90 subscribe unsubscribe If List PR system is used, in how many and which countries is a highest average formula used? Compare country-by-country electoral systems with EPIC Project A: The Single Non-Transferable Vote (SNTV) Parties and Candidates Vote Counting Find these and other answers in the Electoral System Design database next How are votes translated into seats with the Block Vote electoral system? Test and expand your knowledge on electoral systems and explore more in depth important issues with the ACE Electoral Quiz

Français | Español | Portuguese | Arabic | Bahasa | Other Administration and Cost of Elections Project search via The Electoral Quiz of the ACE Project How are votes counted in different electoral systems? How can electoral systems increase representation of women? Electoral Systems Legislative Framework Electoral Management Boundary Delimitation Voter Education Voter Registration Voting Operations Parties and Candidates Vote Counting Media and Elections Election Integrity Elections and Technology About the ACE Project Partner Organizations Related Topics: Congratulations! SCOREBOARD Your have scored: 70/100 Now take your time to: Find these and other answers in the Electoral System Design database Examine more in dept the solutions to the 10 questions; If List PR system is used, in how many and which countries is a highest average formula used? Explore resources with close relevance to each of the Compare country-by-country electoral systems with EPIC Project questions. Solutions Looking for resources and sample materials relating to electoral systems? Related Resources Question 1: Solution Electoral System Design: the Electoral Systems of Independent States and Related Territories Worldwide Question 2: Solution ACE Project - Japan, Case Study, Electoral Systems Topic Area Question 3: Solution EPIC Project – Electoral System A comparative overview of the electoral systems of India and Bangladesh- ACE Registration Browse the comprehensive databases of Electoral Resources Online and Democracy Direct Need technical advice on electoral systems? Browse the archive of Questions & Answers of Ask the Experts or submit election-related questions to the ACE Practitioners’ Network Any particular issue that you want to debate on electoral systems? Join and participate to online discussions at the Electoral Forum Question 4: Solution Global Election Watch subscribe unsubscribe email: Representation of Women, Electoral Systems, IDEA Quota database Question 5: Solution Case Study on South Africa How are votes translated into seats with the Block Vote electoral system? Question 6: Solution ACE Project: Lesotho, Case Study, ACE Project Electoral Systems Test and expand your knowledge on electoral systems and explore more in depth important issues with the ACE Electoral Quiz

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