The Abrahamic Covenant Part III The Abrahamic Covenant in the Rest of the Bible
The Abrahamic Covenant in the Rest of the OT – Former Prophets • God gave the land to Israel in the conquest. – So the LORD gave Israel all the land which He had sworn to give to their fathers, and they possessed it and lived in it. And the LORD gave them rest on every side, according to all that He had sworn to their fathers, and no one of all their enemies stood before them; the LORD gave all their enemies into their hand. Not one of the good promises which the LORD had made to the house of Israel failed; all came to pass (Josh 21: 43 -45). • God continued to multiply Israel in the land. – Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand that is on the seashore in abundance; they were eating and drinking and rejoicing (1 Kgs 4: 20). • In mercy God delayed His judgment of Israel. – But the LORD was gracious to them and had compassion on them and turned to them because of His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them or cast them from His presence until now (2 Kgs 13: 23).
The Abrahamic Covenant in the Rest of the OT – Psa 105 • • • The Lord is praised for His faithfulness to the covenant He established with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob (vv. 1 -10). The promise of the land of Canaan is mentioned in v. 11 and v. 44, where it says that God gave Abraham’s descendants “the lands of the nations. ” God’s purpose in doing this was “so that they might keep His statutes and observe His laws” (v. 45).
The Abrahamic Covenant in the Rest of the OT – Psa 106 • • • Despite all that God had done for Israel, her response was one of continual unfaithfulness and rebellion. Because of all of this rebellion and disobedience, God punished Israel by delivering her into the hand of her enemies (Psa 106: 40 -42). Yet even then He was merciful to deliver them when they cried out for help (Psa 106: 43). Why? Because of “His covenant for their sake” (Psa 106: 45).
The Abrahamic Covenant in the Rest of the OT – Latter Prophets • “Confidence that He [God] would fulfill His promises to Abraham sustained Israel as they experienced God’s judgment” (Essex). – Isa 41: 8 -11: But you, Israel, My servant, Jacob whom I have chosen, Descendant of Abraham My friend, You whom I have taken from the ends of the earth, And called from its remotest parts, And said to you, ‘You are My servant, I have chosen you and not rejected you. Do not fear, for I am with you; Do not anxiously look about you, for I am your God. I will strengthen you, surely I will help you, Surely I will uphold you with My righteous right hand. ’ Behold, all those who are angered at you will be shamed and dishonored; Those who contend with you will be as nothing, and will perish.
The Abrahamic Covenant in the Rest of the OT – Latter Prophets • “Confidence that He [God] would fulfill His promises to Abraham sustained Israel as they experienced God’s judgment” (Essex). – Micah 7: 18 -20: Who is a God like Thee, who pardons iniquity And passes over the rebellious act of the remnant of His possession? He does not retain His anger forever, Because He delights in unchanging love. He will again have compassion on us; He will tread our iniquities under foot. Yes, Thou wilt cast all their sins Into the depths of the sea. Thou wilt give truth to Jacob and unchanging love to Abraham, Which Thou didst swear to our forefathers from the days of old.
Is the Abrahamic Covenant Fulfilled? • God has already blessed Abraham personally. • God has made a great name for Abraham and a great nation from him, the nation of Israel. • God has given the land to the people of Israel (Josh 21: 43 -45). • Have all the nations of the earth been blessed in Abraham’s seed?
The Abrahamic Covenant in the NT • The coming of Jesus is accordance with the Abrahamic Covenant (Luke 1: 54 -55, 68 -75). – Mary: “He has given help to Israel His servant, In remembrance of His mercy, as He spoke to our fathers, To Abraham and his offspring forever. ” – Zacharias: "Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited us and accomplished redemption for His people, And has raised up a horn of salvation for us In the house of David His servant-As He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from of old-Salvation from our enemies, And from the hand of all who hate us; To show mercy toward our fathers, And to remember His holy covenant, The oath which He swore to Abraham our father, To grant us that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies, Might serve Him without fear, In holiness and righteousness before Him all our days. ”
The Abrahamic Covenant in the NT • Though the NT recognizes that Israelites are the descendants of Abraham, it also stresses that mere physical descendancy from Abraham does not guarantee participation in the promises made to him: – Matthew 8: 11 -12 "And I say to you, that many shall come from east and west, and recline at the table with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven; but the sons of the kingdom shall be cast out into the outer darkness; in that place there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. "
The Abrahamic Covenant in the NT • • • Israelites must repent and believe in Messiah in order to experience the Lord’s deliverance and blessing (Acts 3: 12 -26). The NT does affirm that in a future day all Israel will be saved (Rom 11: 26), and that this salvation is on the basis of God’s love for the fathers, a reference to the Abrahamic Covenant (Rom 11: 28). Gentile believers are called “the seed of Abraham” because of their union with Jesus Christ, “the Seed of Abraham” (Gal 3: 6 -29).
The NT Views the Complete Fulfillment of the Abrahamic Covenant as a Future Event • Acts 3: 19 -26 “Repent therefore and return, that your sins may be wiped away, in order that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord; and that He may send Jesus, the Christ appointed for you, whom heaven must receive until the period of restoration of all things about which God spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from ancient time. Moses said, ‘The Lord God shall raise up for you a prophet like me from your brethren; to Him you shall give heed in everything He says to you. And it shall be that every soul that does not heed that prophet shall be utterly destroyed from among the people. ’ And likewise, all the prophets who have spoken, from Samuel and his successors onward, also announced these days. It is you who are the sons of the prophets, and of the covenant which God made with your fathers, saying to Abraham, ‘And in your seed all the families of the earth shall be blessed. ’ For you first, God raised up His Servant, and sent Him to bless you by turning every one of you from your wicked ways. ”
The NT Views the Complete Fulfillment of the Abrahamic Covenant as a Future Event • Romans 11: 11 -15: I say then, they did not stumble so as to fall, did they? May it never be! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make them jealous. Now if their transgression be riches for the world and their failure be riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their fulfillment be! But I am speaking to you who are Gentiles. Inasmuch then as I am an apostle of Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, if somehow I might move to jealousy my fellow countrymen and save some of them. For if their rejection be the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?
The NT Views the Complete Fulfillment of the Abrahamic Covenant as a Future Event • Romans 11: 25 -29 For I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed of this mystery, lest you be wise in your own estimation, that a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fulness of the Gentiles has come in; and thus all Israel will be saved; just as it is written, “The Deliverer will come from Zion, He will remove ungodliness from Jacob. And this is My covenant with them, When I take away their sins. ” From the standpoint of the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but from the standpoint of God's choice they are beloved for the sake of the fathers; for the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable.
Next Week: The Mosaic Covenant Part I
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