The ABC English Alphabet
The ABC • 26 букв: 6 гласных и 20 согласных • 44 звука: 20 гласных (из них 8 дифтонгов) и 24 согласных • Для передачи звуков английского языка используется транскрипция – графическая запись звуков языка.
A a - [ei] B b - [bi: ] C c - [si: ] D d - [di: ] E e - [i: ] F f - [ef] G g - [ʤi: ] H h - [eiʧ] I i - [ai] J j - [ʤei] K k - [kei] L l - [el] M m - [em] N n - [en] O o - [əu] P p - [pi: ] Q q - [kju: ] R r - [a: ] S s - [es] T t - [ti: ] U u - [ju: ] V v - [vi: ] W w - [‘dablju: ] X x - [eks] Y y - [wai] Z z - [zed]
Vowels Rules of Reading 1. Открытый слог A a - [ei] take, name, place E e - [i: ] me, tree, we I i - [ai] like, nine, five O o - [əu] go, open, nose U u - [ju: ] student, music, tune Y y - [ai] my, fly, why
Vowels Rules of Reading 2. Закрытый слог A a - [æ] cap, black, hat E e - [e] ten, tennis, yes I i - [i] six, milk, clip O o - [ɔ] not, bottle, doctor U u - [ʌ] bus, must, uncle Y y - [i] fifty, empty, syllable
Vowels Rules of Reading 3. Условно-закрытый слог (3 тип слога) гласный + r ar - [ɑ: ] park, start, smart er - [ə: ] her, perfume, term ir - [ə: ] girl, circle, first or - [ɔ: ] form, port, short ur - [ə: ] turn, hurt, curl
Vowels Rules of Reading 4. Условно-открытый слог (4 тип слога) гласный + re -are - [ɛə] care, fare, compare -ere - [iə] here, sphere, sincere -ire - [ɑiə] fire, tired, desire -ore - [ɔ: ] more, store, before -ure - [juə] pure, cure, during
Read the words: § § § § § make hate tale latest paper famous mate free, green, street, we, bee, see nice, fine, like, white, line, wine, smile close, so, no, tone, alone, rose, stone tube, glue, fruit, tune, computer, flute, blue my, try, cry, why, fly, dry, by back, snack, cat, flat, battle, apple, glad egg, men, rent, went, pencil, test, text, best big, miss, sixty, ill, still, lift, did, will
§ § § § shop, stop, not, block, spot, dog, clock sun, but, nut, must, dust, cup, just, bus myth, symbol, happy, angry, merry large, arm, card, mark, part, dark herd, herb, nerve, term, perfect, her firm, girl, dirty, first, bird, circus, shirt fur, curve, nurse, hurt, purse, purple, burn
Consonants B b - [b] D d - [d] F f - [f] H h -[h] J j - [ʤ] K k -[k] L l -[l] M m -[m] N n -[n] P p -[p] Q q+u -[kw] R r -[r] T t -[t] V v -[v] W w -[w] X x -[ks] Z z -[z]
Consonants [k] clock, cap • Cc [s] face, city, bicycle • Gg [g] great, big [ʤ] page, gist, gym • Ss [s] sad, skate [z] nose, cosy
Буквосочетания согласных ck -[k] black, pick sh -[ʃ] ship, show, shy, shame ch -[ʧ] chair, chips, chicken ph -[f] photo, phone, telephone th -[θ] thank, think, three, thin th -[ð] this, the, that, those ng -[ŋ] morning, song, thing wh -[w] what, white, when wh -[h] who, whose, whom
Непроизносимые согласные - igh -[ai] high, light, fight - kn -[n] knight, knee, know - wr -[r] write, wrong - gn -[n] sign - lk – [k] talk, walk
Буквосочетания гласных Aa -ai, -ay = [ei] play, day wait -all, alk = [ɔ: ] ball, talk -au = [ɔ: ] autumn, August -aw = [ɔ: ] law, paw, lawn -w+a = [ɔ] want, wash -w+ar = [ɔ: ] warn, warm Ee -ea = [i: ] speak, tea, read -ea = [e] head, bread -ear = [iə] hear, tear -eigh = [ei] eight, weight -ew = [ju: ] new, few
Ii -igh = [ai] fight, bright -ild, -ind = [ai] mind, wild Oo -ow -oa -old snow, show, coat, road, cold, sold Uu [u] -pull, push, put, sugar -oo = [u] book, look -oo = [u: ] spoon, food Yy -oi, -oy = [ɔi] boy, coin [j]- yes, yellow, yummy -ow, -ou = [au] now, clown, about, loud -oor, -ough= [ɔ: ] bought, door
Oo n m O+ v th [ʌ] son some love mother