The 12th of April. Classwork. The Noun In

The 12th of April. Classwork. The Noun

In linguistics, a noun is a member of a large, open lexical category whose members can occur as the main word in the subject of a clause, the object of a verb, or the object of a preposition (or put more simply, a noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing or abstract idea).

Semantic classification

Proper nouns name specific, one-of-a-kind items while common nouns identify the general varieties. Proper nouns always begin with capital letters; common nouns, on the other hand, only require capitalization if they start the sentence or are part of a title. George and Godzilla dined at Antonio's. George, Godzilla, Antonio's = proper nouns. A boy and his monster dined at a pizza restaurant. Boy, monster, restaurant = common nouns. Proper nouns and common nouns

You classify concrete and abstract nouns by their ability to register on your five senses. If you can see, hear, smell, taste, or feel the item, it's a concrete noun. Cats, dogs, tables, chairs, buses, and teachers are all concrete nouns. Concrete and abstract nouns

If, however, you cannot experience the item with any of your senses, it's abstract. Justice; an idea, bravery and happiness are all abstract nouns.

A noun can be countable or uncountable. Countable nouns can be "counted", they have a singular and plural form . For example: A book, two books, three books ..... An apple, two apples, three apples .... Countable or uncountable

Uncountable nouns (also called mass nouns or noncount nouns) cannot be counted, they are not seperate objects. This means you cannot make them plural by adding -s, because they only have a singular form. It also means that they do not take a/an or a number in front of them. For example: Water Work Information Coffee

Morphological classification

Simple nouns have only one stem a table, an apple, the Sun. Derivative nouns are formed from simple nouns or other parts of speech by means of suffixes or prefixes a lioness, strength, misunderstanding. Compound nouns are formed by means of joining two or more stems a railway, a letter-box.

Suffixes: -ess for formation from simple nouns, names of male beings, derivative nouns, names of female beings an actor – an actress (актриса) a poet – a poetess (поэтесса) 2. -ship and -hood for formation derivative nouns with the meaning of state and status from simple nouns a friend – friendship (дружба) a child – childhood (детство) 3. -dom for formation derivative nouns from simple adjectives or nouns with the meaning of state or territory free – freedom (свобода) a king – a kingdom (королевство)

4. -ness for formation derivative nouns from adjectives with the meaning of quality or character kind – kindness (доброта) dark – darkness (темнота) 5. -ity for formation derivative nouns from adjectives with the similar meaning possible – possibility (возможность) similar – similarity (сходство) 6. -th for formation derivative nouns from adjectives with the similar meaning true – truth (правда) deep – depth (глубина)

Prefixes: co- with the meaning of together co-worker (сотрудник) co-existence (сосуществование) 2. post- denoting after postgraduate (аспирант) post-postscript (второйпостскриптум 3. macro- with the meaning of large macro-economics (макроэкономика) 4. micro- with the meaning of very small microscope (микроскоп) 5. mono- with the meaning of one monorail (монорельсовая железная дорога)

Compound nouns are formed by means of a combination of two or more stems, creating a word with indivisible meaning a workman (рабочий), a railway (железная дорога), a blackboard (классная доска), a snowball (снежный ком, снежок), quicksilver (ртуть) a girl-friend (подруга), a family-name (родовая фамилия), a letter-box (почтовый ящик), a writing-table (письменный стол), a pen-name (литературный псевдоним). Compound nouns, formed of three stems or having a preposition as a part, are written as following: a mother-in-law (свекровь, теща), a forget-me-not (незабудка), a merry-go-round (карусель) Compound nouns

A collective noun is a noun that is singular in form but refers to a group of people or things. Sometimes they refer to a group of specific things: Tables, chairs, cupboards etc. are grouped under the collective noun furniture. Plates, saucers, cups are grouped under the collective noun crockery. These collective nouns are often uncountable. Collective nouns

Sometimes they are more general: Groups of people - army, audience, band, choir, class, committee, crew, family, gang, jury, orchestra, police, staff, team, trio Groups of animals - colony, flock, herd, school, swarm Groups of things - bunch, bundle, pair

Form of nouns from the given words with the help of suffixes “-er” and “-or” Model: to read - reader; to sail - sailor. Paint Talk Drive Manage Dream Compute Strike lead Visit Design Buy Direct Translate

Painter Talker Driver Manager Dreamer Computer Striker leader Visitor Designer Buyer Director Translater Keys

Complete the chart with the correct noun. The underlined words will help you.

Keys

The lesson is over! Thank you for attention! Презентацию подготовила Дербенева Евгения Студентка 4 АОД