THAILAND SHARING EXPERIENCE ON DISASTER RESPONSES DURING 2004

THAILAND: SHARING EXPERIENCE ON DISASTER RESPONSES DURING 2004 TSUNAMI MR. SUPORN RATTANANAKIN DEPARTMENT OF DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION, MINISTRY OF INTERIOR THAILAND

OVERVIEW • Roles and Responsibilities of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation (DDPM) during 2004 Tsunami • Thailand’s experience and lessons learned • Way forward

Country Risk Profile

DEPARTMENT OF DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION (DDPM) • Established in October 2002, only 2 and a half year before Indian Ocean Tsunami in 2004 • During the Tsunami, DDPM functioned as the secretariat of Minister of Interior (assigned by the Prime Minister): • to facilitate and coordinate search and rescue operations in all tsunami affected provinces at the Crisis Coordination Center in Phuket • Main tasks and responsibilities: • Provide cash compensations (for families, for fatality cases, for injury cases, for funeral expenses, etc. ) • Provide each tsunami effected population with essential tools/ equipment for reclaiming livelihoods

Turning Points of DM in Thailand 2004 Tsunami • Lack of unified command system • Limited risk knowledge • Limited knowledge and system for international humanitarian coordination • Limited capacity of search and rescue • Etc.

Turning Points of DM in Thailand 2011 Flooding • The 4 th costliest disaster loss in the world • Tremendous loss of development gains

International Cooperation Provincial Local Upgrading humanitarian coordination standards UN and Global standards (INSARAG, Civ-Mil, IASC) Other regional cooperation platforms (ARF, APEC) National ASEAN Mechanisms (AADMER, ACDM, SASOP, AHA Centre) Strengthen humanitarian coordination Encouraging knowledge sharing Promoting DRM leadership Sustainable Development

THAILAND & ASEAN ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT • ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response: AADMER • Policy backbone of ASEAN and ASEAN related bodies on disaster management • Launched of the new National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Plan, 2015 • In accordance with the concept of disaster risk reduction (DRR) • In line with Sendai Framework on DRR • Incorporated AADMER • Main strategies include Promoting international cooperation on DRR

THAILAND COOPERATION WITH ASEAN • DDPM as National Focal Point in ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management (ACDM) • Minister of Interior is the Minister in charge of disaster management and participated in ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Disaster Management (AMMDM) • Thailand has been actively institutionalize AADMER at the national level: • National AADMER Implementation Committee (30 line ministries and organizations) • 3 AADMER Working Groups under National AADMER Implementation Committee

THAILAND ON ASEAN DM & HADR • Actively participated in regional disaster HADR exercises including ARF Di. REx, ADMM and ADMM Plus exercise, and ARDEX • Providing assistance to ASEAN and AMS when the disasters occurred: Typhoon Haiyan, Myanmar flood, etc. • Cooperation with ACDM and AHA Centre as well as ARF, ADMM Plus, and EAS • Promoting synergy between all sectors in disaster management and humanitarian assistance through AADMER as the main platform

WAY FORWARD • Enactment of legal mechanism: Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Act, 2007 (replace National Civil Defence Act, 1979) • Shift from “Disaster Management” toward “Disaster Risk Management” • All inclusive policy scheme to corporate all players/ sectors in DRR activities • Capacity building and enhancement of emergency management system and personnel • Focus on DRM at the community level as well as public education and awareness building on DRR (development of network of community-based early warning system)

WAY FORWARD • Introduction and application of Incident Command System (ICS) into Thailand emergency management system • Initiate the development of a comprehensive and integrated database system: National Clearing House of disaster management information • Promote and commit to international cooperation on disaster management and DRR • SAR capacity building through “Capacity Building of Search and Rescue Team” program which expected to submit to INSARAG external classification for medium team qualification in 2017