TFV I Institut für Metallurgi Content Werkstoffumformung 1

TFV I Institut für Metallurgi Content Werkstoffumformung 1. Introduction History, classification of forming process technology 2. Classification of rolling mills and some baiscs 3. Hot rolling of strips Technology, methods, concepts, equipment, optimization 4. Cold rolling of strips Technology, concepts 5. Coating 6. Operational data ………. 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 1

Institute of Metallurgy Institut für Metallurgi Forming & Processing Werkstoffumformung TU Clausthal Institute of Metallurgy - IMET Prof. Dr. -Ing. Heinz Palkowski Institute of Metallurgy Forming and Processing heinz. palkowski@tu-clausthal. de www. imet. tu-clausthal. de/agpal 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 2

Institut für Metallurgi The area Werkstoffumformung State: Lower Saxony Harz: Middle mountain region HH Δ 1113 m HB Coniferous forests Lower Saxony H Natural meadows B CLZ K D Numerous artifical lakes F M 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 3

Institut für Metallurgi The town Werkstoffumformung Inhabitants: 18, 000 Height: 600 m N. N. Main employer: University All shops (magazines) for daily goods available, but no malls! No train station! Hourly bus connections to/from Goslar (20 km) train to / from Hanover and Braunschweig (1 h). Weather in summer time: Changing, rainy periods possible Temperatures (18 -28 °C) Walking distances. within the town: Prof. Dr. -Ing. Heinz Palkowski Passing through: of Metallurgy 45 min Institute Forming To center from and Processing anyheinz. palkowski@tu-clausthal. demin town limit: max. 25 www. imet. tu-clausthal. de/agpal Student homes to center: max. 15 min 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production . 4

Clausthal University of Technology Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung History 1775 School for Mining and Metallurgy ~ 1930 University ~ 1962 Technical University Faculties - Natural and Material Science - Energy and Economic Science - Mathematics/Informatics and Mech. Engineering No students (WS 14/15): Women: Foreigners: Material Sciences: 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 4. 900 26 % 30 % 285 5

Institut für Metallurgi 1. 1 Introduction Forming Processes Werkstoffumformung Where we find „Metal Forming“ products? Evtl Banane einbauen aus Zusatzstudium Forming processes Strip production Ggfls. andere dazu Vielfalt der EIGENSCHAFTEN 2/12/2018 A Introduction 6

Institut für Metallurgi 1. 1 Introduction Forming Processes Werkstoffumformung Processes and materials (examples) Rolling flats and sections Drawing wire, rod, tubes, sections Extrusion sections, complex deep drawing, stretching Bending, roll forming Forging complex parts Metals steel, light and heavy metals Shaping ……. Hybrids cladding, glueing, coating Gradient materials powder, coatings 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 7

Institut für Metallurgi 1. 1 Introduction Forming Processes Werkstoffumformung Roll forming Forging Extrusion Incremental -, magnetic -, explosion forming, . . 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 8

Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung What is „Metal Forming“ ? 1. 1 Introduction Forming Processes Controlled plastic deformation in the solid state with mass constancy and material connectivity! 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 9

Institut für Metallurgi 1. 1 History of Forming Processes Werkstoffumformung • 4000 B. C. Working of pure metals • 2500 B. C. Copper alloys (Sn), Bronze Age Tomb of Rechmire, Wesir in XVIII-Dynasty, appr. 1450 B. C. 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 10

1. 1 History of Forming Processes /2 Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung • Approx. 700 – 700 b. C. Fe displaced Bronze • Smelting of iron ore and forging had been coupled up to 13 th/14 th century Medieval bloomery with forge 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 11

1. 1 History of Forming Processes /3 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung 12

1. 1 History of Forming Processes /4 • Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung . … past and now. 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 13

Vorlesungsübersicht 1. 3 Classification 1. 2 Classification of Forming Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung . . . following forming processes • Primary forming • Forming • Separating • Joining • Change of utility properties • Coating 2/12/2018 A Introduction Making a shape for the 1 st time out of a melt, gaseous or shapeless solid condition Conversion of a given form under control of geometry by plastic deformation. Continuity of material and mass! Locally cancelled continuity of material (e. g. sawing, milling) Connecting to parts, filling and infiltrating (e. g. welding, sticking) (e. g. hardening by heat treatment) Applying thin layer on surface Forming processes Strip production 14

Vorlesungsübersicht 1. 2 Classification of Forming Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung . . . following tensile state • Pressure forming Rolling, open die -, die forming • Push-pull forming Drawing, deep drawing, spinning • Tensile forming Stretch forming • Bending Roll forming to shape, folding • Shear forming Torsion processes 2/12/2018 A Introduction Technische. Forming processes Strip production Formgebungsverfahren 15

Vorlesungsübersicht 1. 2 Classification of Forming Institut für Metallurgi Werkstoffumformung . . . following temperature • Hot working Energy is added from outside or working with 1 st heat above recrystallisation temperature • Warm working Material is heated up below it‘s recrystallisation temperature • Cold working No heat added from outside Recrystallisation temperatures of some metals: C-steel 550 °C Aluminium 290 °C Copper 200 °C Lead 0 °C 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 16

Institut für Metallurgi Vorlesungsübersicht 1. 2 Classification Werkstoffumformung . . . following type of product: • Solid forming Upsetting (edging), rolling, drawing, pushing through, twisting, shifting, . . . • Solid and sheet forming Stretching, bending, . . . • Sheet forming Stretch forming, deep drawing, . . . 2/12/2018 A Introduction Forming processes Strip production 17