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Telecom Technologies Presentation Monday, April 30, 2007 from 2: 30 -4: 00 PM Best Viewed by Screen Resolution 1024 X 768 Audio Available Only by Telephone 1 -888 -847 -8686# Conference ID 7256108# Please Mute Your Phone

Advanced Telecom and Broadband Deployment In Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council (ATIC) Communications Infrastructure Advisory Committee (CIAC) of Governor’s Council on Innovation and Technology (GCIT) Telecom Technologies Overview Presentation Monday, April 30, 2007 from 2: 30 -4: 00 PM By Mark Goldstein, International Research Center

Welcome Ø Telecom Summit May 17, 2007 at the Mesa Convention Center Ø Third of four Online Pre-Summit Briefing Sessions – Background information, technology overviews, updates on Arizona issues and initiatives, best practices, etc. April 9 - Updates on Arizona issues and initiatives (now available for audio only access) ü April 19 – Community Planning, Town of Superior, and Telecommunication Issues in Indian Country (view the web conference) ü April 30 – Overview of Telecom Technologies (will be online after session) ü May 10 – Issues and Challenges from the Telecom Providers Perspective (will be online after session) Ø See Summit Web Site www. tucsonlink. org/Summit 07 ü Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Thanks to Cox and i. Linc Communications Providers of Audio and Web Conferencing for the Arizona Telecom Summit 2007 Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Agenda Ø Welcome – Steve Peters, Summit Coordinator ü i. Linc and Web Conferencing Instructions ü Cox Communications – Josh Nelson Ø The Summit Overview – Steve Peters, Summit Coordinator Ø Welcome - AT&T and Strategic Technology Communications Ø ATIC/CIAC Overview – Steve Peters Ø Telecom Technology Presentation – Mark Goldstein, President, International Research Center and ATIC Secretary ü ü DSL, Cable, Cellular, Wi-Fi, Wi. MAX, UWB, Fiber, Broadband over Power Line (BPL), Free Space Optics (FSO), and More Telecommunications Provider Panel Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Purpose of the Summit Ø Like water and roads, advanced telecommunications and broadband Internet services are critical infrastructure for Arizona communities Ø Many rural and other underserved communities lack the infrastructure to support deployment of these services Ø The purpose of the Summit is to accelerate deployment of these services to all Arizona communities Ø The plan is to explore options and leave the Summit with consensus on policies and implementation plans to remove barriers to the deployment of this critical infrastructure. Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Summit Events Ø Pre and Post Briefing Documents on the Summit Web Site Ø Four Online Pre-Summit Briefing Sessions – Background information, technology overviews, updates on Arizona issues and initiatives, best practices, etc. (Will be online after Session) Ø One day May 17 Summit event – Mesa Convention Center ü ü Keynote Presentations Planning and Policy Development Workshops (State Strategic Telecom Plan, Funding mechanisms and strategies, Rights-of. Way access, Local community/Tribal planning and policies, Telecom provider requirements Telecom/Technology Expo Arizona Technology Council After 5 Reception, Showcase and Networking Event Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Presented By Ø Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council Ø Communications Infrastructure Advisory Committee to GCIT, the Governor’s Council on Innovation & Technology Ø In Cooperation With ü Arizona Consumers Council ü Arizona Association for Economic Development ü Arizona Department of Commerce ü Arizona Government Information Technology Agency ü Arizona Small Business Association Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Presented By ü County Supervisor’s Association of Arizona ü Arizona Technology Council ü Arizona Telemedicine Program ü e. Learning System For Arizona Teachers and Students ü Greater Arizona e. Learning Association ü League of Arizona Cities and Towns ü Navajo Nation Telecommunications Regulatory Commission ü Community Information and Telecommunications Alliance Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Participants Invited Ø Federal, state, local, and tribal elected officials and policy advisors Ø Chief Information Officers Ø Telecom service provider executives Ø Key stakeholder representatives (economic development, education, government, health services, public safety, libraries, homeland security, CIOs, etc) Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Thanks to Our Sponsors Platinum Ø Exhibitors ü Sky. Pilot Networks ü Global Investment Recovery Tierra Right of Way Services ü Ø Silver ü ü Gold Sky Catcher Communications Triad Wireless ü Cellular. One ü Starnet Data Design ü Cox Communications ü Tele. Spectra ü Salt River Project Telecom ü i. Linc Communications ü Conterra Ultra Broadband ü Cox Business Services ü Arizona State Library Archives and Public Records Ø Conferencing

ATIC and CIAC Steve Peters, Summit Coordinator Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council Ø Non Profit 501(c)(6) organization engages in initiatives and guides adoption of public policies that enable access to advanced telecommunications services and information technologies Ø Public and private partners include: ü Large and small businesses ü Health care, economic development, consumer organizations ü Libraries, educational institutions, ü ü Arizona Corporation Commission and legislature, local and state government agencies Information technology and telecommunications companies Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

ATIC Initiatives Ø Telecom Planning with CIAC Ø Strategy Committee Ø Cyber Security Ø Arizona Corporation Commission Debates Ø Arizona Telecommunications Directory Ø Homeland Security (DHS) I-19 First Responder Wi-Fi Grant Ø Arizona Telecom Roundtable (2005) and Arizona Telecom Summit 2007 Ø Town Of Superior Initiative Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Communications Infrastructure Advisory Committee Ø CIAC is a 21 member Public/Private Committee of the Governor’s Council on Innovation & Technology (GCIT) ü ü Advises GCIT on policies and strategies to close the Digital Divide in Arizona CIAC, in cooperation with ATIC, is charting a long-range roadmap and strategic plan to overcome barriers to statewide broadband deployment Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

CIAC Four Priorities Ø State Strategic Telecom Plan Ø Arizona Broadband Development Authority ü Leadership, Planning and Coordination ü Funding mechanisms and strategies Ø Rights-of-Way access Ø Local community/Tribal planning and policies Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Major CIAC Accomplishments Ø Coordinated the 2005 Statewide Network Request For Information (RFI) to better understand the requirements of telecom providers. Responses included barriers, issues, costs, relations between telecom providers, and community solutions Ø Adopted, and facilitated GCIT approval of, 11 strategy and policy recommendations that provide a framework for CIAC initiatives Ø Provided an ongoing nexus and forum for discussion of Arizona Broadband initiatives and policy (working closely with ATIC) Ø Created 3 CIAC Task Forces (State Strategic Plan, Rights-of-Way, Broadband Authority) Ø Supported Arizona Broadband Initiative Framework Report 2007 by Center for Digital Government - Funded by GITA and CEDC – Now available on the Web Site Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

CIAC Reports Ø Background Reports prepared by the GCIT Telecom Infrastructure Subcommittee (now CIAC) Ø 2005 Statewide Network Request For Information (RFI) Ø CIAC 2006 Year in Review Ø Arizona Broadband Initiative Framework Report- Digital Government Funded by the Government Information Technology Agency and the Commerce and Economic Development Commission (CEDC) Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Governor’ Council on Innovation and Technology Ø Governor's principal advisory group for innovation and technology charged with developing strategies to: ü ü Enable Arizona to become a global leader in innovation and technology research, development and product creation Strengthen the Arizona innovation and technology infrastructure (including telecom and capital formation) Promote technology transfer and business/university partnerships Create and retain quality jobs in Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

ATIC Telecom Technologies Overview Monday, April 30, 2007 By Mark Goldstein, President, International Research Center and ATIC Secretary DSL, Cable, Cellular, Wi-Fi, Wi. MAX, UWB, Fiber, Broadband over Power Line (BPL), Free Space Optics (FSO), and More Telecommunications Provider Panel • Cable - Josh Nelson, VP Information and Network Technology, Cox Communications • Wireless - Allan Meiusi, CEO, WI-VOD • Wireline & Cellular - Thomas, AT&T Arizona Telecommunications and Information Council

Connect and Communicate 2007 International Research Center (http: //www. researchedge. com/)

Modern Home Network Example Source: International Research Center (http: //www. researchedge. com/)

Alexander Graham Bell lived at 5 Exeter Place when resuming residence in Boston in January 1876. Here the telephone first transmitted a complete and intelligible sentence, “Mr. Watson, come here I want to see you” on March 10, 1876. Pictured above on February 12, 1877 are Thomas A. Watson, a Boston Globe reporter, and witnesses participating in a demonstration with Bell who was 14 miles away in Salem, MA. Source: IEEE Boston Section (http: //ieeeboston. org/)

Source: Qwest Communications

DSL Varieties and Characteristics Source: Covad Communications Group (http: //www. covad. com/)

Cable Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) Network Overview Satellite Feeds OSS SUPER HEADEND Network and Service Management Video File Servers Off-Air Services & Applications Data Services Voice Services (DMS-500 & MCS) Internet Hub SONET/ATM Trunking Ring Hub Service Transport Network Hub Hub Fiber Node Bridger Taps Large Businesses Schools & Government Small Business Schools & Government Line Extender Single-Family Dwellings Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) Network Enterprise & Residential Subscribers

Cable Combines Local Access Architecture with Internet Access Source: International Research Center (http: //www. researchedge. com/)

Source: The BRIDGE (http: //www. mediabiz. com/)

http: //www. cablelabs. com/

Basic Broadband over Power Line (BPL) System Source: National Association of Regulatory Utility Commissioners 2/05 (NARUC - http: //www. naruc. org/)

Broadband Power Line (BPL) Trials and Commercial Deployments SOURCE: United Power Line Council (UPLC - http: //www. uplc. org/), 1/06

First Version of a Mobile Radio Telephone (1924) Source: Bell Labs (http: //www. bell-labs. com/)

100 GHz 10 GHz

Comparison of Cellular and PCS Spectrum

Cellular System Covering Urban and Rural Areas

Handoff from Adjacent Cells

U. S. Commercial Wireless Antenna Facilities Source: Tower Maps (http: //www. towermaps. com/)

Wireless Service Provider Market Consolidation from 1990 s to Present AT&T ( ) T-Mobile Alltel Modified by International Research Center

Growth in the Mobile Telephone Industry (June 2005 - June 2006) 219 Million Subscribers in 2006 UP 13% From 195 Million Subscribers in 2005 Subscribers $60 Billion in Revenues in 2006 UP 9% From $56 Billion as of 2005 Service Revenues Source: Cellular Telecommunications & Internet Association; FCC. 723 Average Monthly MOUs in 2006 Price per minute 7¢ in 2006 UP 16% From 623 MOUs in 2005 Minutes of Use Price per minute DOWN 14% From $0. 08 per minute in 2005 42

Performance Evolution of Cellular Technologies Source: Wipro Technologies/Tech. On. Line 4/05 (http: //www. techonline. com/)

The Ultimate Handheld Device Source: U. S. Display Consortium

Content Web Browsing Text/HTML/XML (News, Ref) Streaming Audio (Podcasts, Internet Radio) Commercial Audio/Music Downloads Network & Commercial Video on Web Interactive Content (VR, Gaming) Social & User Generated Content (UGC) Enterprise Content & Collaboration Home Media (Audio, TV, DVD, Media Server) Mobile Content Market Ecosystem Aggregation Distribution Delivery Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNO) Content Distribution Networks (CDN) Satellite Delivery Mobile Portal Providers Content Aggregators/ Management Open Web Voice over Internet Protocol (Vo. IP) (To IP & PSTN) Place Shifting (Remote Access, Slingbox, Orb) Uplink Real-Time Optimization (Qo. S, Scaling, Transcoding) Peer-to-Peer (P 2 P) Distribution (Radio, TV? ) Alternative Terrestrial Wireless (Wi-FI, Wi. MAX UWB, DVB-H) 3 G/4 G Mobile Network Operators (MNO) Hardware Mobile Component/ Hardware Manufacturers OS Platform Vendors Mobile Infrastructure Equipment Vendors Handset & Accessory Equipment Vendors Mobile Equipment Retailers Misc. Services (Ad Insertions, LBS/Telematics, DRM & Payment Flow) Mobile Consumers Misc. Tools & Applications Content Authoring/Adaptation/ Management, Middleware, OSS, Source: International Research Center Application Platforms, GUI © 2007 (http: //www. researchedge. com/)

UAT Phoenix War Driving Research Project Wi-Fi Access Points & Devices in Downtown Phoenix (2005)

Source: Fluke Networks (http: //www. flukenetworks. com/)

Comparison of 802. 11 x WLAN Technologies Source: The Burton Group

ATIC DHS Wi. Fi Security Project for First Responders in Southern Arizona Steve Scoggin UES 28506 E Frontage Long Horn UES 2960 W Frontage Rex Ranch UES 2782 W Frontage Elephant Head Aqua Linda Pole Waste Station UES 2358 W. Frontage Rd Tubac FH #1 UES 25 Ridge Ct WI-VOD Communications Current Node Locations Along I-19 UES 1956 W Frontage Neubauer Todd’s Ranch Landfill Rio Rico Peck Canyon Rio Rico Tower http: //www. arizonatele. com/atic/wireless/ All State Rio Fire Hall #2 Hill Top House Rio Fire Hall #1 L&M Produce Dedicated Bridge Orthogon Link A-Bridge B Bridge I-19 Highway Thomas Produce

Ruckus Metro. Flex Wireless Access Gateway http: //www. ruckuswireless. com/

Wi-Fi - The Applications Landscape • Local Information & Services • Location Based Services • Portal(s), Directory & Live Assist, • GPS &/or Wi-Fi Location Fix Maps, Tours, Transactions, … • High-Speed Internet Access • Browse, Communicate, Telework • Residents, Workers & Visitors • Fixed Location & Nomadic • Telehealth & Telemedicine • Video Camera Transmissions • Traffic & Security Apps • Citizen Interests such as Street & Pedestrian Traffic, Cultural & Amenity Locales, Weather • Virtual Private Networks (VPN) • Public Network Resiliency • Rich Media Delivery • Emergency/Disaster Response • Voice over Internet Protocol • Audio & Video Mobile Media • Public Safety Use & AVL/GIS • Time & Place Shifted Content from Remote Servers/Sources • Gaming & Social Networking • Biological & Environmental Sensor Networks for Monitoring • Biometric, NFC & RFID Data • Targeted Advertising • Traffic Control & Signage • Location-Based & Demographic • Parking & Utility Meters

Wi. MAX Wi. MAX

-Wi. MAX

Standard Radio Transmission with Continuous Sine Waves Versus Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Coherent Pulses Continuous sine waves are transmitted with information embedded in the modulation of the wave's amplitude or frequency. This technology is approaching its limit in being able to improve bandwidth (amount of information sent) and channelization (number of users). Source: Time Domain Corporation Coded pulses, transmitted and measured precisely in time can carry orders of magnitude more data and support an essentially unlimited number of users. (Think of it as super highspeed Morse Code with 40 million dots and dashes per second. )

Source: The New York Times 1/24/06

RFID as a Tracking Technology 1945– 2010 Source: Institute for the Future 5/05 (http: //www. iftf. org/)

A prototype of a tiny wireless chip capable of storing and transmitting data was recently revealed by HP. When the new Memory Spot chip hits the market in about two years, it will enable a variety of applications ranging from digital wristbands that store patient medical information to a new form of storing digital versions of documents or sound bytes on paper and printed pictures that can be accessed using a reader-equipped device. Source: The Future of Things 10/9/06 (http: //www. tfot. info/)

How Satellite Data Distribution Works Source: PC Magazine, 2/12/02

XM Satellite Radio http: //www. xmradio. com/

Stratospheric Wireless Platform Examples HALO by Angel Technologies 5 -50 Mbps, ATM-based Sky. Station <2 Mbps, 3 G & Wi-Fi Est. Avail. 2005 HELIOS by NASA 100, 000’ UAV

Space Data Corp. Balloon-Launched Wireless Platforms http: //www. spacedata. net/

http: //www. sanswire. com/

Optical Network Hierarchy Source: Light Reading

Source: Lightwave Magazine, June 2001

APON Applications üInternal T 1 Substitution Video Server ADSL VDSL DLC T 1 Replacement DLC T 1 ATM backbone üFTTC / FTT-Riser üFTTB Central Office ONT üFTTH OLT Video Head-End EDFA OLT ONT-L APON Ring Operation Center Source: Alcatel ONT Data + Video Overlay üFTTB SONET Replacement

Free Space Optic (FSO) Systems Source: Light. Pointe

Complex Metro FSO Topology Source: Free Space Optics (http: //www. freespaceoptics. org/)