System and Software Architecting Views Elliot Axelband 10/24/06
Views and Viewpoints • Consider a Building as a Metaphor for a System • Applicable Views – Esthetic View – User/Functional/Operational View – Structural View – Electrical View – Heating/Air Conditioning View – Etc. – Building and Operating Costs - Financial View – Codes & Applicable Restrictions - Technical View – Time line/Schedule View (Concept, Design, Build, Use/Sustain, Retire - The Life Cycle) • Each View is the Viewpoint of a View holder • Views are Domain Specific
Frameworks • Categories for Organizing Views • Do. DAF (Do. D Architecture Framework) – Technical View - All applicable codes and Restrictions – Operational View - How the System will be used - The CONOPS – System View - How the System is Defined What it is
What is a System? • “Systems Architecting - Creating & Building Complex (Innovative) Systems”, Rechtin • “The Art of Systems Architecting”, Maier and Rechtin • “A system is a set of different elements so connected or related as to perform a unique function not performable by the elements alone” • E. g. : An automobile (the system) provides transportation not provided by its components (subsystems) alone: the motor, transmission, suspension, body, etc. • Note: The subsystems of systems are often systems • Note: The concept of systems has broad application to different domains: buildings, automobiles, computers, “stand-alone” software, computer chips, commercial and military aircraft, organizations, businesses (enterprises - Enterprise SE), universities…
F-35, Joint Strike Fighter • In Development • Provides very advanced Capabilities (Complex and Innovative) • Largest Military Procurement - $400 B, >2000 A/C • 30, 000 # plus, >10 K parts, One Pilot, 17 M LOC • 3 Variants for US Application - Air Force, Navy, Marine • National and Multi-National Partners and Multi -National Users • Fully Networked
F-35 Architecture
F-35 Architecture - Systems & Software, It’s Everywhere
Defense System Life Cycle Source: DAU Handbook
Defense System Development Verification and Validation System Need System Design System Subsystem Design Component Design Decomposition Subsystem Component Buy/Code/ Manufacture Integration & Test Requirements - Design - Manufacture - Assemble - Test Time
Defense System Development-1 Verification and Validation System Need System* System Design System Subsystem Design Component Design Decomposition Subsystem Component Buy/Code/ Manufacture* Integration Requirements - Design - Manufacture - Assembly - Test Time • Redesign is a part of Design; Design is Experimental & Iterative; Spiral Development • It takes 3 passes through the Development Process to field a Production System: - 1 st when System* is a Prototype (SDD), - 2 nd when Manufacture* is a Prototype (LRP), - 3 rd at the start of Full Rate Production
Incremental Development Source: DAU Handbook
A Research Agenda for CSSE • • Redesign is part of design. It will never be completely eliminated. But there is huge payoff in reducing it Redesign can be reduced by better predictive system design tools, that is, Modeling and Simulation Predictive Design Tools Modeling is domain dependent, so a broad set of technical skills and an emphasis on collaboration is required Such a Research Agenda plays to CSSE and USC strengths – A Research University with a broad set of skills and an emphasis on internal collaboration (ORUs) and external collaboration (MOUs) – USC’s Computing* Emphasis: Petacomputing, New Faculty Req’ts – CSSE’s record of collaboration and accomplishment with COCOMO*, COSISMO and other cost estimation M&S Predictive Design Tools – Other opportunities, a sampler: • Weight Estimation, Product Cost Estimation • Scaleable MANET Networks, IA Net-centric Issues • Software/Software compatibility, Software/Hardware Compatibility, Integration Maturity, Risk Management • Logistics for Incremental Procurements • Human Factors* • Efficient Manufacture****
Research • Funding – “If there’s Money, the Faculty will come” – Industrial Affiliates – NSF, DARPA - Not yet in systems, but growing interest • INCOSE Vision – Growing Do. D Interest • Competition - A good thing – MIT – Georgia Tech – Stanford – Cornell – Etc.
Congratulations to CSSE! There are great opportunities to make a difference, where it is important to do so.
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