Sustainability Impacts of the Built Environment Research Collegium in Coastal Eco. Cities – Session 1 Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability & Asset Strategist, First Wessex
Presentation will cover • • • About me About First Wessex Sustainability and climate change as a driver Environmental impacts – Construction Adaptation to Climate Change The UK / EU retrofit and n. ZEB challenge First Wessex sustainability strategy – ‘The Choice’ Case studies of low carbon retrofit & new homes Overview of Whitehill & Bordon Ecotown
About First Wessex: § § § § Hampshire and Surrey based HA Formed 2007 19, 000 existing homes Build around 500 new homes each year Part of Wayfarer consortium of HA’s £ 25 m pa RR&PM spend Customer groups My role
People Planet Profit Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Our Common Future - Brundtland Commission - 1987
Evidence of warming:
Vostok making sense of climate change
temperature change from present 09 20 4°C 0°C carbon dioxide level in atmosphere -8°C 300 ppm “…changes of this speed and magnitude are unprecedented to our knowledge, aside from large meteorite impacts. ” 200 ppm Peter Barrett, Antarctic Research Centre, New Zealand -400, 000 Vostok -300, 000 -200, 000 -100, 000 today making sense of climate change
Global context - One Planet Living Tonnes of Carbon Dioxide emissions per capita 25 0 10 3 USA England China Ethiopia
Construction impacts – Energy UK Energy consumption 1995
Construction impacts – Water Effective rainfall and licensed abstraction People in Hampshire use more water than anywhere else in the UK On average 157 litres/person/day!
Construction impacts – Materials What it takes to build 100 houses 1, 200 m 3 Spoil 156, 842 Blocks 694, 500 Bricks 14, 811 m 2 Plasterboard 2, 700 m 2 Glass 576 m 3 Timber 2, 600 m Reinforced Beams 5, 200 m Roadway 300 m 3 Mortar 7, 500 ltrs Paint
Construction impacts – Waste • • The UK produces approx 360 million tonnes of waste (6 tonnes person per year). The construction industry accounts for approx 120 million tonnes. -10 million tonnes of which are unused materials! -3 million is packaging!
Construction impacts • Pollution • Ecology • Transport • Health & Well-being • Land Use
The ‘strip’ city
Adaptation to climate change
Low impact housing / buildings
Tree House, Clapham, London
Bed. Zed, London
Passive Housing Normandy, Guildford
Towards zero carbon buildings, learning from case studies Research Collegium in Coastal Eco. Cities – Session 2 Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability & Asset Strategist, First Wessex
Targets for new housing carbon compliance 2016 EU n. ZEB target 2019/20
Code for Sustainable Homes – Mandatory minimum energy and water use standards Code Level Energy % better than 2006 Building Regs part L* Water Litres person per day (predicted – see also part G) 1 10% 120 2 18% 120 3** 25% 105 4*** 44% 105 5 100% 80 6 Zero Carbon 80 (approx 141%) *DER improvement on TER ** Same as Bldg Regs part L 2010 *** 25% improvement on part L 2010
^ Code 6
Code 6 - Southampton
New proposal for 2016 • Partnership project with Zero Carbon Hub, Gosport – Helping to inform the new 2016 housing energy standards (Zero Carbon) – Sophisticated testing and monitoring – FW also contributing to Design v As built, Overheating and Comfort • Small development site in Aldershot – Partnership with ZCH & St Gobain linked to Dv. AB to find optimum solution
Closing the Performance Gap
The Choice An overview of First Wessex’s new sustainability strategy and current projects Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability & Asset Strategist, First Wessex
First Wessex Sustainability Strategy • • Strategy and action plan 2013 -15 ‘The Choice’ Launched in May - linked to Green Office Week Six headline themes – plus sub policies 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. MANAGEMENT, MEASUREMENT AND COMMUNICATION ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CARBON REDUCTION RESOURCE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT TRANSPORT PROCUREMENT CONSTRUCTION DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE • SHIFT status
Green Office Week • Used national GOW 13 -17 th May to launch ‘The Choice’ to staff. • Road-show between main offices • Over 220 staff attended
Office energy monitoring Display Energy Certificates (DEC’s) EDD: E office electrical energy monitoring - Display screens Environmental Audits of FWPS depots
The UK retrofit challenge • 80% reduction in CO 2 emissions by 2050 (Climate Change Act) • • 26 million existing homes 85% still in existence 2050 27% total carbon emissions 500, 000+ whole house refurbishments each year to 2050 (Existing Homes Alliance) 100 advanced retrofits during presentation As much as £ 10, 000 business per working hour But, economic, social and environmental barriers need to be overcome… Green Deal
Green Deal & ECO • Government flagship policy – now live! • Key retrofit financial barriers: – up front capital & repayment of work / return on investment • Assessment > GD provider & finance > Installation > repayment > Moving on • Golden rule • Energy Company Obligation – £ 1. 3 bn ECO / pa (3 funding streams) – Measures / hard to treat
Green Doctor project – Partnership with Groundwork – Engaging up to 500 households • Retrofit cost effective measures & current cost meters • Provide energy behaviour adjustment advice • Taking 3 sets of meter readings in 12 months • Train resident champions to leave project peer legacy – New First Wessex Green Living Team • • • To be brought in house this summer 1, 000 households in programme per annum Existing homes, retrofit projects, new build Energy and water efficiency Communication of strategy
Interactive show home • Partnership with PUSH & Bioregional • DECC fully funded project • 3 multimedia interactive ‘behaviour change’ and Green Deal homes • Open to public • Using void homes moving from community to community • FW will rotate one expo for 2 yrs • Opened 14 th June in Eastleigh
Major solar photovoltaic (PV) project ˗ Estimated 2. 5 MW (1, 000 homes / offices / community centres). ˗ Paid for by FIT income over 20 years (pay back year 13). ˗ Strong link to social outcomes e. g. employment. ˗ Average annual electricity bill saving to residents £ 150. ˗ Annual CO 2 savings estimated at 1, 250+ tonnes. ˗ Tender process complete, Dulas Ltd. successful. ˗ Commencing summer 2013 lasting for 2 years (subject to final budget approval) ˗ Selection of homes.
Insulation projects • Loft & Cavity Wall insulation – >600 free measures completed in 2012 – Now addressing ‘hard to treat’ cavities & lofts – Energy performance Certificates for 100% stock • Solid Wall Insulation – Relates to >900 pre fab homes in Aldershot (EWI) and 300 solid wall (IWI) in Portsmouth – Prepare approach for low carbon retrofit zone in Aldershot (aim for EPC band ‘B’) – Framework for ECO and contractors • Partnership with LA’s and RSL’s private sector housing • Bridging the financial gap (over ECO) • Employment opportunities! • Mitre Court, Fareham – 28 leasehold flats requiring over-cladding
Advanced retrofit pilot - Heronwood 20 flats at Heronwood Aldershot • • • External Wall Insulation New condensing boilers New roof with semi integrated PV Improved air tightness & MVHR Loft insulation top up Low energy lighting Work commences in July
Heronwood energy modelling Measure SAP rating Band CO 2 emissions (tonnes / year) Total % improvement over baseline CO 2 emissions Pre refurbishment 60 D 2. 69 - External wall insulation 69 C 1. 95 27. 51% 69 C 1. 91 29. 00% 76 C 1. 51 43. 87% 81 B 1. 08 59. 85% 81 B 1. 00 62. 83% 100% Low energy lighting and mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (individual room system) 1. 1 k. Wp PV system (semi integrated) Replacement boiler (combination boiler for heating and hot water) Insulate flat walls to communal areas
Retrofit South East Project Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability Strategist, First Wessex
‘Retrofit South East’ project • First use of 4% European Regional Development Funding (ERDF) for retrofit of social housing in 2009. • £ 421, 000 grant secured for programme of research to build low carbon retrofit capacity. • ERDF project outputs related to retrofit business assistance provided to 85 SME’s. • Partnership project:
To retrofit or build a new community? “An Ideal setting for a Council estate. This aerial picture of part of the Cranford Road estate shows the neat and airy spacing, with pleasant greens between the rows of houses. Although in complete contrast to the old town, with its splendid examples of Georgian architecture, this essential development is probably as tasteful as a Council estate can be”. Local newspaper 1950
‘Retrofit South East’ project centrepiece (14 homes) Solar street community + show home
Environmental strategy • Modelled a 77% – 90% reduction in regulated CO 2 emissions post retrofit. • Water efficiency improved by average 16% to 92 l/p/d. • 85% of waste was recycled off site under SWMP. • BREEAM domestic refurbishment pilot project.
How C 88 was achieved, Show home full SAP modelling Scenario SAP 2005 Rating EPC / SAP Band Annual Approx cost of Regulated measure £ CO 2 Emissions kg. C 02/yr Baseline as extg (Gas) 49 E 5, 868 + 100 mm Phenolic foam EW Insulation 69 C 3, 461 + Double loft insulation to 300 mm thick 70 C 3, 284 + 50 mm vertical floor raft edge insulation 71 C 3, 219 + A-energy rated windows and doors 73 C 2, 792 - 10, 500 250 1, 750 6, 000 3, 000 Percentage Reduction in Regulated CO 2 Emissions % 41% 44% 45% 52% + Improved air tightness & heat recovery ventilation 74 C 2, 650 + New ‘A’ rated boiler & cylinder plus controls 80 C 1, 965 + 100% low –e lighting 81 B 1, 923 250 67% + 2. 1 k. Wp solar PV 91 B 972 9, 250 83% '+ Solar thermal 3 msq 92 A 816 5, 000 88% + 20 mm aerogel ground floor insulation 92 A 692 Sum of all measures 92 A 692 4, 500 5, 500 £ 46, 000 55% 67% 90%
Continuity of insulation & air tightness Before, REEMA panels After retrofit Air pressure test EWI -100 mm
Working with residents • 8 months lead in time / consultation period with residents. • Full time community liaison officer appointed. • On-site drop in office available throughout refurbishment. • Decant period was 10 -12 weeks. • Community energy efficiency training and 1: 1 home visits.
Regional retrofit benefits study • Establish a market worth £ 460 -850 m/yr, on top of current RMI. • Create 4, 100 - 33, 000 jobs in installation, supply and support. • Enhance the asset value of regional homes by up to £ 22. 4 billion. • Liberate over £ 1 billion a year in energy savings. • Take at least 360, 000 people out of fuel poverty. • Save up to £ 80 million on healthcare and up to 3, 700 winter deaths. • Save 3% of total regional water consumption. • Future-proof homes against climate change impacts. • Improve regional energy security. • And cut regional carbon emissions by one fifth!
Through life emissions report release Retrofit v demolition and new build • Comparison analysed over 50 year period. • Advanced retrofit compared with: – Traditional and timber frame construction – Building Regulations Part L 2010, Code 4 & ZCH 2016 • Emissions considered: – Embodied energy associated with new and existing materials (‘locked in’), construction processes – The ‘in use’ emissions for heating and power
Through life emissions report cont’d…
Through life emissions report key findings • Advanced retrofitted homes have lower emissions than a new home built to Cf. SH level 4 and ZCH 2016. • Considering ‘all in’ costs for similar energy performance: – Advanced retrofit costs almost 40% less – A saving of approx £ 53, 000 per dwelling • Around 20, 000 UK homes are demolished every year. If we retrofitted instead: – 422, 500 t. CO 2/year could be saved, – Equivalent of 211, 000 new homes.
Resident feedback: “It’s like having a new home on the same plot of land, they are so much warmer, before they were so cold and damp, we even had mould growing. It’s so much better now. ” “ I’ve been running on solar again all day today!” “The bills are so much cheaper. Bearing in mind what sort of winter we have had, I was really surprised how much I’ve saved. ”
1970’s End of Terrace, Fareham • BREEAM domestic refurbishment pilot - Very Good rating • 75% reduction regulated emissions • Measures applied: – – 500 mm loft insulation Cavity + 32 mm IW insulation MVHR 2 x 1. 35 k. Wp PV (East & West) • £ 30, 000 on energy efficiency
• Cost: £ 30, 000 for energy efficiency related works. • Year 1 & 2 feedback on my home. • Over 400 visitors, many taking action! • Total emissions = 545 kg year 1, 270 kg yr 2. • Running costs = £ 319 year 1, £ 274 yr 2. • ASHP £ 230 year 1, £ 190 yr 2. • Credit with FIT income +£ 511 year 1, + £ 658 yr 2. • Water consumption 68 l/p/d. • Further details at www. sunpower. CO 2 ttage. co. uk
Issues: the town today • • Economic decline Poor town centre Disconnected town Poor public transport links Poor range of house types & tenure Lack of employment and business opportunities Need to protect habitats and species Population
Future economic roles? Whitehill Bordon needs to plan for economic growth following withdrawal of Mo. D by 2014/15. Potential roles for Whitehill Bordon to focus on: • Sustainable development & green industries • Innovation and technology • Tourism and leisure – South Downs National Park • Technical skills training • Employment £ 12 million DCLG funding received for quick win projects
Revised master-plan proposal map 4, 000 new homes New town centre Employment Enhanced areas Preserved green space
High level objectives • Carbon Neutrality - By 2036 the whole town should be carbon neutral. • Biodiversity – The target is a net increase in biodiversity. • Water neutrality – By using existing boreholes and wells and by reducing water usage and wastage we plan a completely water neutral development. • Transportation – Our target is to reduce car trips to 50% by 2036 in the entire town. • Economic Development – One local job per new household and jobs to replace those lost by the Mo. D withdrawal (5, 500 in total).
STAGE D Whitehill Bordon Ecostation
THANK YOU Questions / discussion? Paul Ciniglio MA, B. Sc(Hons), Dip. BSurv, MIEnv. Sc, CEnv Sustainability & Asset Strategist paul. ciniglio@firstwessex. org tel: 02392 896868
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