Superior filtration solutions to improve the quality of

Superior filtration solutions to improve the quality of life. HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study Industrial Air Filtration Liquid Filtration Automotive Filters Human Protection Engineering & Services 08. 03. 2012 Garry Pangborn March 8, 2012 Freudenberg Filtration Technologies HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL

The Air We Breath - Sizes of Common Particles 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 2

The Air We Breathe - Particle Size Distribution of Atmospheric Air Primarily Naturally. Occurring § The activities of modern society have greatly increased presence of submicron particles Primarily Man -made Fine 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 3

The Air We Breathe – Health & Wellness Considerations § Every day, the typical adult in the U. S. : § Eats 3 lbs of food § Drinks 4 lbs of fluids § Breathes 35 lbs of air! § Particles are deposited into respiratory tract; the smaller the particle, the deeper it can reach § EPA estimates that people spend 90% of time indoors § Sick Building Syndrome, Building Related Illness, Pandemics § Productivity benefits of improved IAQ (Indoor Air Quality) § Increases in allergy and asthma cases nationwide § Increasing evidence that disease can spread via airborne routes (droplet nuclei) 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 4

The Air We Breathe – Dust Concentrations § What is the dust concentration in this room? § 10 to 50 μg/m 3 § What is it in the extremes in the world? § Lowest recorded – Antarctica at 0. 00001 μg/m 3 § Highest recorded – Sandstorms at 4, 000 to 6, 000 μg/m 3 § What is Urban Typical? § In the United States – 20 to 50 μg/m 3 § In China – 300 to 500 μg/m 3 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 5

Air Filtration Mechanisms Electrostatic Attraction Inertial Impaction Filter Fiber (+) (-) Brownian Diffusion Interception 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 6

Filter Efficiency - Filtration Mechanisms Working Together § Filter Efficiency is the combination of the various capture schemes § § Interception § Diffusion § HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study Inertial impaction § 08. 03. 2012 Sieving Electrostatic attraction 7

Filtration Efficiency - What is MERV? Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV) ASHRAE 52. 2 MERV Table § ASHRAE 52. 2 standard § Classification system for filters based upon particle capture efficiency § Numerical designation between 1 and 16 LEED Point for MERV Level ≥ 13 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 8

Filter Pressure Drop and Energy § Energy consumption impact: Up to 30% of fan energy usage due to filter pressure drop Governing equation for how lower ΔP equates to lower energy usage: Energy = Q x ΔP x t η where… Q = volumetric flow rate ΔP = pressure drop t = time Target operating zone. η = motor-fan efficiency 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 9

Filter Pressure Drop and Energy Optimum Filter Change-out Timing Goal should be to changeout filters at the lowest point on this curve. 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 10

Filter Selection Criteria § Life cycle costs most important § Note difference in values between LCC and Initial Cost § Avoidance of catastrophic failures due to blowout or moisture are noteworthy § Fit and MERV naturally a key criteria § Vendor knowledge / service is valued 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 11

Filter Types by Efficiency Levels 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 12

A Case Study in Energy and Life Cycle Cost Savings Case Study Background § Interest in energy savings and sustainability § Business and Aerospace Building, 3 rd Floor § Pursued side-by-side energy consumption comparison study Business & Aerospace Bldg Single-stage 2 -Stage System vs. Filter Installation § Side access housing § 4 rows of 20” tall tracks § Two stages § Single stage – no pre-filter § § 08. 03. 2012 2” pleated pre-filter 20”x 24”x 12” box filter § 20”x 24”x 20” pocket filter § 5 columns of filters 24” wide § Side-load gasketing § 4 pockets per filter HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 13

A Case Study in Energy and Life Cycle Cost Savings Head-to-Head Pressure Drop Across Filter Banks Data courtesy MTSU 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 14

A Case Study in Energy and Life Cycle Cost Savings Illustration of Pressure Drop Comparison Across Filter Banks 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 15

A Case Study in Energy and Life Cycle Cost Savings Energy Monitoring § ABB variable frequency drives (VFD) § 30 HP motors § Hourly data logging of motor voltage and current for each air handler § Power data then tabulated in Excel e pl ) am SU Exsy MT a at (courte D 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 16

A Case Study in Energy and Life Cycle Cost Savings Energy Monitoring Results Data courtesy MTSU 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 17

A Case Study in Energy and Life Cycle Cost Savings Filter Pressure Drop Checks under Controlled Laboratory Conditions 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 18

Sustainability Impact – In Addition to Energy Reduction § Potential waste reduction on campus § Major reduction in filter usage § Pre-filters eliminated § 3 x lifetime of typical box/cell filters Filter Qty: 300 20 93% potential reduction in usage over 3 yr period 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 19

Filtration Life Cycle Cost Reduction § Note importance of energy consumption Initial Filter Costs § For every 0. 1” w. g. reduction in P there is an energy savings of $17 per filter per year (@ $0. 06 per k. Wh) Operating Costs § Case Study Total Cost of Ownership Impact (over 3 years) § Energy Cost 44% § Filter Cost 54% § Labor Cost 86% § Overall 08. 03. 2012 50% HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 20

Additional University Case Studies Additional Example #1 Southeast Additional Example #2 - Midwest Additional Example #3 Northeast § V-bank Type Filter (no pre-filter) § Pocket Filter (no pre-filter) § Filter d. P after 24 months of service: 0. 24” w. c. (new = 0. 20” w. c. ) Previous Incumbent: Pre-filters: changed quarterly Final filters: changed every 12 -18 months 08. 03. 2012 § Filter d. P at 30 months of service: 0. 68” w. c. (new 0. 28” w. c. ) § Case study presented at 2010 MIAPPA summer conference: www. fm. wmich. edu/miappa/conf/s 10/index. html § Pocket Filter (no pre-filter) § Filter d. P after 40 months of service: 0. 29” w. c. Previous Incumbent: Pre-filters: changed quarterly Final filters: changed annually HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study Previous Incumbent: Pre-filters: changed quarterly Final filters: changed every 12 -18 months 21

Greenguard Certification Check air filters for certification § 3 rd party qualification § Assesses emissions of VOC’s (i. e. formaldehyde) § Evaluates product for mold/fungi growth te ica tif er ce C n rd plia a gu om n ee C of r G 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 22

Trends in Air Filtration Market § Elimination of roll filters § Consolidation of 2 -stage pleated filter + box filter to long-life pocket technology or V-bank filters § Higher efficiencies (LEED - MERV 13) § End-user focus on energy conservation (lower d. P filters) § End-user focus on life cycle costs § End-user focus on sustainability and less waste § Growth of synthetic media filters vs. glass due to: § Lower cost § Glass fiber shedding § Moisture resistance § More puncture resistant § Lower VOC emissions § Installer friendly (skin contact) § Ultraviolet (UV) lights used in conjunction with air filters to help keep heat transfer coils ultra clean § Nanofiber filter media 08. 03. 2012 HVAC Air Filtration Overview and Life Cycle Cost Case Study 23

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