Subjects, predicates and sentences
Tell me what is happening. Who? Wass’ up?
Who? Spider Man Wass’ up? Is running after the bad guys Spider Man is running after the bad guys! This is a complete sentence.
What must a complete sentence have ? A subject A predicate Spider Man Is running after the bad guys A sentence must also make sense.
A Subject tells who or what the sentence is about. Spider Man battles for justice. Who battles for justice? The subject
The predicate tells wass’ up with the subject. • The predicate tells what the subject does or has. • The predicate can also describe what the subject is or is like.
Spider Man Øfights for justice. (does) Øhas a strong web. (has) Øis a hero. (is) Øis brave. (is like) These are predicates.
A sentence must have a subject and a predicate and express a complete thought. (make sense)
A sentence fragment … o does not express a complete thought. o may be missing a subject. o may be missing a predicate. o may be missing both.
Spider Man with a red coverall So… wass’ up with Spider Man in his red cover-alls? What is missing? The subject or the predicate? OK! The predicate!
…fights for justice and the good guys. OK… Who fights for justice and the good guys? What’s missing? Right! Spider Man! What is Spider The Subject Man?
…for justice and the good guys What is missing? Ø the who or what? Ø the wass’ up? or Ø both? OK! BOTH!
The Complete Subject Spider Man with his red coveralls, mask, spinneret's, and green eyes was a fierce fighter. The complete subject includes all of the words in the subject of the sentence.
The Complete Predicate Spider Man with his red cover -alls, mask, spinneret's, and green eyes was a fierce fighter. The complete predicate includes all of the words in the predicate of a sentence.
The Simple Subject q is the main word or group of words in the complete subject. q is usually a noun or pronoun. Spider Man in his mask and cover-alls is a hero.
The Simple Predicate q is the main word or group of words in the complete predicate. q is always a verb. Spider Man in his mask and cover -alls ran toward the robbers.
Finding Subjects Declarative Sentences Most statements begin with the subject. I am Rocky. I am so cool. This dog is mine.
Interrogative Sentence Order Questions may begin with part or all of the predicate. The subject come next followed by the rest of the predicate. Have you seen a dog? Have I seen a dog? Why do you ask?
Interrogative Sentences When questions begin with part or all of the predicate, this is the P S P word order. Have you seen a dog? P S P Have I seen a dog? P S P Why do you ask? P S P
To locate the subject of an interrogative sentence, change the question into a declarative sentence. (Make a statement. ) Have you seen a dog? Question You have seen a dog. Statement Have I seen a dog? Question I have seen a dog. Statement Why do you ask? Question You do ask why. Statement
Most sentences have the subject at the beginning of the sentence and the predicate after the subject. This is the S P sentence order Sometimes sentences have inverted word order. This is the P S sentence order.
Inverted Word Order (The subject is not first. ) Holding the mouse’s tail was a cat! Whom or what is the sentence about? The subject is the cat.
Imperative Sentence In requests and commands, the subject is usually not stated. The word you is understood to be the subject. You Catch that cat!
Compound Subjects (2 or+ subjects) The cat and the dog are not buddies. Compound Predicates (2 or+ verbs) The cat hissed and spat. The dog growled and barked.
Compound subjects and predicates (verbs) Use and, but, or or to join the compound subjects and predicates. When you have 3 or more subjects or 3 or more verbs: and, but, or or usually comes before only the last subject or predicate.
Wild Cat, Cool Dude, and Izzy rule the Bumble’s house.
Wild Cat, Cool Dude, and Izzy stalk, bite, and scratch the poor Bumbles!
Simple and Compound Sentences You can put two simple sentences together and make a compound sentence. WOW!
Wild Cat, Cool Dude, and Izzy are in a cat conspiracy, but the Bumbles don’t know it.
Run-On Sentences A run-on sentence is two or more sentences incorrectly written as one sentence. Oh, no!
To correct a run-on sentence, write separate sentences, or combine the sentences. If you combine the sentences, use either a semicolon alone ; or a comma with and, or but. , conjunction
Wild Cat, Cool Dude, and Izzy hope you are a sentence wizard in Mrs. Dyer’s class.
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