STYLISTICS is a branch of Linguistics
the individual manner of an author in using the language means the interrelation (взаимосвязь) between language and thought the aesthetic function of language expressive means of language FIELDS OF INVESTIGATIO NS synonymous ways of rendering one and the same idea a system of special devices the splitting of the literary language into separate systems called functional styles emotional coloring in language
Linguistic stylistics Literary stylistics Comparative stylistics Functional stylistics Phonostylistics Stylistic lexicology Stylistic grammar
LINGUISTIC STYLISTICS LITERARY STYLISTICS COMPARATIVE STYLISTICS FUNCTIONAL STYLISTICS STYLISTIC LEXICOLOGY PHONOSTYLISTICS STYLISTIC GRAMMAR • STUDIES THE FUNCTIONAL STYLES AND LINGUISTIC NATURE OF EXPRESSIVE MEANS AND STYLISTIC DEVICES • DEALS WITH COMPOSITION OF A WORK OF ART, VARIOUS LITERARY GENRES AND THE WRITER’S OUTLOOK • IS CONNECTED WITH STUDY OF MORE THAN ONE LANGUAGEAND IS LINKED TO THEORY OF TRANSLATION • INVESTIGATES THE SYSTEM OF FUNCTIONAL STYLES OF THE LITERARY LANGUAGE, THE NORM AND THE VARIABILITY IN THE LANGUAGE, THE CULTURE OF SPEECH AND RHETORIC • STUDIES THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF THE WORD AND THE INTERRELATION OF THE CONNOTATIVE AND DENOTATIVE MEANINGS OF THE WORD • IS ENGAGED IN THE STUDY OF STYLE-FORMING PHONETIC FEATURES OF THE TEXT; • DESCRIBES THE PROSODIC FEATURES OF PROSE AND POETRY AND VARIATIONS OF PRONUNCIATION IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SPEECH • DEALS WITH THE EXPRESSIVE ORDER OF WORDS, TYPES OF SYNTACTIC LINKS, PECULIAR USE OF TENSE FORMS
I AIN’T NEVER DONE NOTHING GRAMMATICALLY INCORRECT USAGE OF CONTRACTIONS (AIN’T) TOO MANY NEGATIONS
PARENT DECEASE PROCEED ATTIRE INFANT COLLOQUIAL CONTINUE CLOTHES KID BOOKISH NEUTRAL CHILD FATHER DIE DADDY SNUFF IT GO ON RAGS
CONNOTATIVE MEANING EMOTIVE CONNOTATIONS • Express various feelings and emotions • Joy, pleasure, anger, surprise, fear • She is a sweet little thing. EVALUATIVE CONNOTATIONS • Convey positive, negative, ironic or other types of the speaker’s attitude to the object of speech. • to sneak - to move silently and secretly, usually for a bad purpose. EXPRESSIVE CONNOTATIONS • Increase or decrease the expressiveness of the message; create the image of the object in question. • She was a small thin delicate thing with spectacles. STYLISTIC CONNOTATIONS • Show that the word belongs to a certain functional style or a specific layer of vocabulary • archaic, barbarisms, slang, vulgar. • Yester – evening = yesterday evening; slumber = sleep, nap, rathe = early morning.
