STRATEGIC PLAN 2017 -2020 PERFORMANCE EVELUATION SYSTEM

STRATEGIC PLAN (2017 -2020) & PERFORMANCE EVELUATION SYSTEM for DEPARTMENT OF DIVINEGUMA DEVELOPMENT Ministry of Social Empowerment and Welfare J. K. Padmasiri Director(Planning & Monitoring) Department Of Divineguma Development 1

Sri Lanka’s Sustainable Development Mission Vision Promote sustainable economic & social growth through improved government outcomes on society. Mission Assist in the provision of credible, timely & national evidence to determine the relevance, fulfillment of objectives, impact & sustainability of government policies. 2

Sri Lanka’s Sustainable Development Mission… Presented framework program of Sri Lanka prepared to outline government’s strategies for achieving 2030 UN SDGs Need to be strong, economically in 2017 Free people from poverty Save country from financial crisis Many programs to increase export Developing local industries & agriculture 3

Sri Lanka’s Sustainable Development Mission… Protect & nourish natural resources Right to land for every living being Development only in ensuring peace, brotherhood & mutual trust Unite with a commitment to achieve success in the program 4

Sri Lanka’s National Economic Development Framework of a Sustainable Era “Balagathu Sri Lankawak” Create an economy where everybody will benefit & not a handful Solutions for two weaknesses of economy Severe debt burden Shortfall in balance of payments Above 2, affected employment generation & income of people 5

Sri Lanka’s National Economic Development Framework of a Sustainable Era… Move toward export economy to create LT employment & improve income To enhance market place having come to trade agreements with, India, China & Singapore (4, 000 m. markets) Getting GSP plus Capitalizing location advantage, to make SL transshipment hub & financial hub. 6

Sri Lanka’s National Economic Development Framework of a Sustainable Era… Develop 3 main ports & 2 airports Develop, goods, electronic, garment industries, IT, tourism, agriculture & fisheries sectors 2 development zones South-western development zone Huge development in Kandy & adjoining areas Vast development thro; Mega polis Agri. & tourism development in North & East Optimum use of available man power 7

2017 – Year of Poverty Alleviation Free from poverty & financial crisis Arahat Mahinda’s Saying; “King, only the custodian of the land, not the owner” Priority to how to achieve development while preserving, nourishing & developing natural resources Emission of carbon dioxide, threat to earth Industrial development, adhering to sustainability All sections to contribute to poverty alleviation 8

2017 – Year of Poverty Alleviation… Address income disparity respecting to spiritual development Ensure food security (1/3 post harvest waste, 1/3 by animals & 1/3 consumption waste) Healthy nation combating diseases as; HIV/AIDS & non-communicable diseases Creating knowledge based society & earning foreign exchange Expert Committee to Work on These 9

United Nation’s SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS to achieve by 2030 10

1) No poverty End poverty in all its forms everywhere 2) Zero hunger End hunger, achieve food security & improved nutrition & promote sustainable agriculture 3) Good health and well-being Ensure healthy lives & promote well-being for all at all ages 4) Quality education Ensure inclusive & equitable quality education & promote life- long learning opportunities for all 11

5) Gender equality Achieve gender equality & empower all women & girls 6) Clear water and sanitation Ensure availability & sustainable management of water & sanitation for all 7) Affordable and clear energy Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable & modern energy for all 8) Decent work and economic growth Promote sustained, inclusive & sustainable economic growth, full & productive employment & decent work for all 12

9) Industry, innovation and infrastructure Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive & sustainable industrialization & foster innovation 10) Reduced inequalities Reduce inequalities within & among countries 11) Sustainable cities and countries Make cities & human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient & sustainable 12) Responsible consumption and production Ensure sustainable consumption & production patterns 13

13) Climate action Take urgent action to combat climate change & its impacts 14) Life below water Conserve & sustainably use the oceans, seas & marine resources for sustainable development 15) Life on land Protect, restore & promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt & reserve land degradation & halt biodiversity loss 14

16) Peace, justice and strong institutions Promote peaceful & inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all & build effective, accountable & inclusive institutions at all levels 17) Partnerships for the goals Strengthen the means of implementation & revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development 15

Poverty & Hunger, World Around 1 b. , in hunger 800 m. , living on less than $ 1. 25 per day Women, most vulnerable group to poverty South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, 80% in poverty By 2014, 795 m. , chronically undernourished Over 90 m. , children under age 5, underweight HUNGER & MALNUTRITION, HUGE BARRIER FOR DEVELOPMENT 16

MOSEW’S VISION - (RMM 4 PF-RP) “To be the most Respected Model Ministry (RMM) in the SEA - in creating Poverty Free – RMM Right Protected (PF-RP) Sri Lanka by 2030” 17

MOSEW’ S MISSION “To formulate & implement policies & strategies and deliver results in creative and innovative ways to provide people friendly – social & economic services to marginalized & disadvantaged people (Poor, Elderly, Disabled, Single Parent Families, Substance-Addicts, Orphans) through institutions, networks & professionals in effective, efficient, speedy & productive manner to enhance their QUALITY OF LIFE in collaboration with local & global agencies” 18

DEPARTMENT OF DIVINEGUMA DEVELOPMENT Vision of DDD “To create an empowered community through elimination of poverty & boosting livelihood economic development activities” 19

DEPARTMENT OF DIVINEGUMA DEVELOPMENT Mission of DDD “To contribute significantly to the expedition of national development through empowerment of community, development of human capital, promotion of livelihood economic development activities and to build a prosperous nation ensuring food security, social equity devoid of poverty” 20

1995 – 2013 SAMURDHI PROGRAMME Vision “Creating a prosperous Sri Lanka where poverty is at a minimum. ” Mission “Contributing to a stable national development where poverty is at a minimum through community participation centered development. ” 21

FOUR TRUTHS AS TO POVERTY What is poverty” What are reasons for poverty? How to alleviating poverty? What is the path to alleviate poverty? 22

(1)What is poverty? General Consensus is that poverty is about deprivation, or lack of wellbeing. Absolute poverty/destitution Refers to the lack of means necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing & shelter. Relative Poverty Takes into consideration individual, social and economic status compared to the rest of the society. (en. wikipedia. org. ) 23

Poverty as determined by; World Bank Mission “Working for a world free of poverty” Present Goal “To alleviate poverty all over the world wide through inclusive growth and sustainable globalization” Poverty Threshold by UN & World Bank US $ 1. 25 a day – Extreme Poverty US $ 1. 90 a day – Moderate Poverty 24

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COMPONENTS OF FOOD BASKET of NCPI FOOD ITEMS (Rice, Coconut, Vegetables, Limes, Potatoes, Alcoholic Beverages, Fish/Meat) NON-FOOD ITEMS (Clothing & footwear, Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas & other fuels, Furnishing, Other household equipment, Routine household maintenance, Health, Communication, Recreation & Culture) 26

Poverty as determined by; Census & Statistics Department – SL Poverty Line – Rs. 4, 063 by Aug. ’ 16 Poverty by Calorie intake For Males For Females 2, 400 C 1, 800 C 27

POVERTY STATUS REPORT by 2013 Poverty Incidence (HCI) & Poverty Lines in Sri Lanka - 1990/91 - 2102/13 S. No. Year HCI (%) Number (Mn. ) Poverty Line (Rs. ) 01 1990/91 26. 1 4. 523 475/= 02 1995/96 28. 8 5. 282 833/= 03 2001/02 22. 7 4. 315 1, 423/= 04 2006/07 15. 2 3. 012 2, 233/= 05 2009/10 8. 9 1. 800 3, 028/= 06 2012/13 6. 7 1. 364 3, 280/= 07 2016 Aug. 4. 063/= Census & Statistics 28

45 Sectoral Poverty 40 35 30 25 Urban Rural Estate 20 15 10 5 0 95/96 2002 2006/07 2009/10 2012/13

Colombo Gampaha Kalutara Kandy Matale N'Eliya Galle Matara Hambantota Jaffna Mannar Vavnia Mulative Kilinochchi Battcaloe Ampara Trinco Kurunegala Putlam Anuradhapura Polonnaruwa Badulla Monaragala Ratnapura Kegalle 35 Poverty by District 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 2009/10 2012/13

Povery Distance from Country Average 2012/13 Kegalle Ratnapura Monaragala Colombo Badulla Polonnaruwa Anuradhapura Putlam Kurunegala Trinco Ampara Battcaloe Kilinochchi 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Gampaha Kalutara Kandy Matale N'Eliya Galle Matara Hambantota Jaffna Mannar Vavnia Mulative Avg Poverty 31

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTY PROVINCIAL & DISTRICT POVERTY by 2012/13 S/ No. Province District (%) Number UVA 189, 953 (14. 22%) 01 Moneragala 6. 86 91, 697 02 Badulla 7. 35 98, 256 03 Hambantota 2. 14 28, 704 04 Matara 4. 25 56, 858 05 Galle 7. 66 102, 306 06 Trincomalee 2. 52 33, 755 07 Ampara 2. 59 34, 691 08 Batcaloa 7. 54 32 100, 747 SOUTHERN 187, 868 (14. 07%) EASTERN -169, 193 (12. 67%)

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTY PROVINCIAL & DISTRICT POVERTY by 2012/13 S/ No. Province District (%) Number SABARAGAMUWA 167, 120 (12. 51%) 09 Kegalle 4. 12 55, 032 10 Ratnapura 8. 39 112, 088 11 CENTRAL -162, 085 (12. 13%) Matale 33, 074 2. 47 12 Nuwara Eliya 3. 45 46, 198 13 Kandy 6. 20 82, 813 14 Putlam 2. 85 38, 107 15 Kurunegala 7. 64 102, 084 NORTH WESTERN 140, 191 (10. 49%) 33

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTYPROVINCIAL & DISTRICT POVERTY ‘ 12/’ 13 S/ No. Province District (%) Number WESTERN 115, 772 ( 8. 68%) 16 Colombo 17 Kalutara 18 Gampaha 2. 35 2. 76 3. 54 31, 456 0. 42 1. 07 1. 45 1. 94 3. 61 5, 629 36, 919 47, 397 NORTHERN – 113, 644 (8. 52%) 19 Vauniya 20 Kilinochchi 21 Mannar 22 Mulathivu 23 Jaffna 14, 291 19, 447 26, 009 48, 268 NORTH CENTRAL 89, 485 (6. 71%) 24 Polonnaruwa 25 Anuradhapura Total – 1, 335, 231 Census & Statistics 1. 97 4. 72 100. 00 26, 388 63, 097 1, 335, 231 34

(2) REASONS FOR POVERTY Inborn poor Poor due to lack of education Poor due to disability Psychological poverty 35

CLASSIFICATION OF POVERTY By November 2016, Empowered - 136, 419 Can not be empowered - 24, 075 Can be empowered Total No, of Beneficiaries - 1, 253, 846 1, 414, 340 36

(3) ALLEVIATING POVERTY By Empowering as; Economically Socially Culturally Physically Psychologically Leadership 37

End Result of Empowerment Income of beneficiaries, increased Physical resources, enhanced Focus should be to; EMPOWER ECONOMICALLY 2016 August Poverty Line – Rs. 4, 063/ Per Family, Monthly Income = Rs. 16, 252/Accordingly; Genuine poor families in SL? ? ? 38

CATEGORIES OF GENUINE POOR Lowest level - 0 to Rs. 5, 000 p. m. Middle level - Rs. 5, 001 to Rs. 10, 000 p. m. Upper level - Rs. 10, 001 to Rs. 16, 000 p. m. This may be changed as per “Definition” 39

Targets to achieve from 2017 onwards If 10% to be empowered; Graduation pattern expected, 10% of lower level to middle level 10% of middle level to upper level 10% of upper level to empowered lot Big Question; How to do this? 40

Empowerment Through 3 Es Education Employment Entrepreneurship 41

Empowerment Target Levels Director General Dis. Sec. & DDD HQM, DG Divi. Sec. ZM SDO - National Level District level Maha Sangam level Divisional Sec. level Zonal level GN level PLANS BE PREPARED ACCORDINGLY 42

FAMILY DEVELOPMENT PLAN Family Vision (empowerment before. . ) Goals as per SWOT – (Increase income, permanent house, education for children, get rid of vices) Strategies – as per goals (Action Plan) Income & Expenditure Analysis Family Balance Sheet – Assets & Liabilities 43

(4) Strategies of Alleviating Poverty 4 Ps - Integrated Sri Lankan Approach Private Sector Public Sector People Sector Political Sector - Engine - Gear box - Wheels - Driver with Vision 44

Strategies of Alleviating Poverty. . Private Sector (Engine) (small in Sri Lanka) Non-agri, enterprises Out of it; Micro enterprises Small businesses Medium businesses Large businesses -1, 019, 000 - more than 900, 000 - 70, 000 - 12, 000 - 2, 000 BY UPGRADING & ENHANCING CAPACITIES OF MICRO TO UPPER, MORE CONTRIBUTION TO GDP, MORE JOB OPPORTUNITIES, CREATED! 45

Strategies of Alleviating Poverty. . Public Sector (Gear Box) Compatibility with Engine (Pvt. Sec. ) Go hand in hand with private sector Pro-poor approach Non-traditional & new approach Relaxation of rules & regulations Giving loans would not do; Knowledge on management, technology given, & help find market etc. be 46

Strategies of Alleviating Poverty. . People Sector (Wheels) How we utilize this resource? Mal-functioning of CBOs at village levels? Dependency syndrome Unreasonable demands by unions No chasing after dreams to achieve success Be unite & work together to build the nation Instill the idea in minds of people; YES, WE CAN! CREATE, POWERFUL & PROGRESSIVE PEOPLE SECTOR 47

FACTS DISCOVERED BY RECENT DISCUSSION 1 Start with “ZERO” 2 Make aware people of Income & Expenditure Management 3 During Samurdhi, proper systems & procedures existed 4 Now, Heads have no knowledge? 5 Vision passed up to bottom. Now? 6 Weak communication 7 No divisional, GN level follow up meetings 8 Then, treated all equally 9 Then, performed beyond expectation 10 Maintained diaries & higher officers followed up closely 48

FACTS DISCOVERED BY RECENT DISCUSSION 11 Introduce new technology 12 Money minded mentality of some officials 13 Remove “dependency mentality” 14 Form groups & internalize positive ideas & concepts 15 Had a Family Development Plan. Now? 16 SDO as a Facilitator/Change Agent 17 Appreciate good works & motivate 18 Empowering non-traditional ways 19 Have “empathetic” mind 20 Ask “correct question” & give answer to it 49

FACTS DISCOVERED BY RECENT DISCUSSION 21 Most people, not poor really, instead some (including politicians) made them poor 22 Administration weaknesses (distributing letters, no strict supervision, transfers! Sending loosely drafted circulars, instructions not flowed to subordinates etc. ) 23 Had good relations with all 24 Existed systematic & sound monitoring 25 No ownership of the organization 50

FACTS DISCOVERED BY RECENT DISCUSSION 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Now, no recognition of employees Now, no satisfaction for them Difficulty in getting information from field Culture completely changed Vacancies of some positions Worked with small groups actively Used tactics to unite people & get them worked Existed good inter-relations among people Now, small groups, not active Auditing not effective resulting increased frauds 51

Answers to all the above weaknesses Strategy Structure People 52

Strategies of Alleviating Poverty. . Political Sector (Driver with Vision) Responsibility to drive with a clear Vision Be with people & be an example to them Lead an exemplary life Devote to people’s service instead, doing own Do our political sectors have these LEADERS, STRUGGLE FOR CHANGE FOR BETTER! 53

JAPANESE thinking…as an Example… KUNI Country - 1 st KAISHA Workplace - 2 nd KASAKU Family - 3 rd BOKU I / Me - last 54

Performance Evaluation GOAL Having evaluated performance of officers, To enhance efficiency & effectiveness of them and To enhance efficiency & effectiveness of DIVINEGUMA (Samurdhi) Movement 55

Performance Evaluation. . Objectives: 1) Give official guidance to staff 2) Give opportunity to staff to discuss official problems/difficulties with Superiors and 3) Give staff opportunity to correct themselves 4) Investigate on poor performers & take steps to enhance performance of them 56

Career Benefits of Performance Evaluation Deciding on compensation (Increments, prices, appreciations) Awarding status to staff (Permanency, promotions, transfers) Opportunities for advancement (foreign scholarships, local & foreign trainings etc. ) 57

Grading of Staff on Performance (Evaluation Period - Quarterly) Grade Status Marks A Excellent More than 401 B Very Successful 301 - 400 C Successful 201 - 300 D Satisfactory 101 – 200 E Unsatisfactory Less than 100 58

DISTRCT-WISE EMPOWERMENT TARGETS by Welfare Division 59

Beneficiary Families to be Empowered S/N District 2017 (10%) 2018 (10%) 2019 (10%) 2020 (10%) 01 Colombo 4, 408 3, 967 3, 571 3, 214 02 gampaha 10, 201 9, 181 8, 263 7, 437 03 kaluthra 5, 321 4, 789 4, 310 3, 879 04 Kandy 7, 544 6, 789 6, 110 5, 499 05 Matale 3, 738 3, 364 3, 028 2, 725 06 Nuwara eliya 3, 106 2, 796 2, 516 2, 264 07 Gall 6, 011 5, 410 4, 869 4, 382 08 Matara 5, 739 5, 165 4, 648 4, 183 09 Hambanthota 4, 628 4, 165 3, 748 3, 374 10 Yapanya 5, 023 4, 521 4, 069 3, 662

Beneficiary Families to be Empowered S/N District 2017 (10%) 2018 (10%) 2019 (10%) 2020 (10%) 11 Mannar 1, 275 1, 148 1, 033 929 12 Vauniya 920 828 745 671 13 Mulathiu 1, 060 954 859 773 14 Kilinochi 1, 161 1, 045 940 846 15 Beticolo 6, 186 5, 567 5, 011 4, 510 16 Ampara 6, 191 5, 572 5, 015 4, 513 17 Trincomalee 3, 118 2, 806 2, 525 2, 273 18 Kurunegala 13, 220 11, 898 10, 708 9, 637 19 Puthalama 4, 930 4, 437 3, 993 3, 594 20 Anuradapura 5, 483 4, 934 4, 441 3, 997

Beneficiary Families to be Empowered S/N District 2017 (10%) 2018 (10%) 2019 (10%) 2020 (10%) 21 Polonnaruwa 2, 331 2, 098 1, 888 1, 699 22 Badulla 4, 925 4, 433 3, 989 3, 590 23 Monaragala 3, 810 3, 429 3, 086 2, 778 24 Rathnapura 9, 490 8, 541 7, 687 6, 918 25 Kegalla 5, 567 5, 010 4, 509 4, 058 125, 385 112, 846 101, 562 91, 405 Total

District & Divisional (Bank-wise) Beneficiary Empowerment Plan by Community Based Bank Division 63

. 1 Families Empowered at District Level S/N 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 District Colombo Gampaha Kaluthara Kandy Matale Nuwara Eliya Galle Matara Hambantota Jaffna Mannar Vauniya Mullathive Kilinochchi Baticaloa Ampara Trincomalee Kurunegala Puttlam Anuradhapura Plonnaruwa Badulla Moneragala Ratnapura Kegalle Total No of Families that can be Empowered 44, 082 102, 011 53, 209 75, 438 37, 382 31, 062 60, 112 57, 385 46, 276 50, 233 12, 750 9, 198 10, 600 11, 611 61, 861 61, 913 31, 176 132, 199 49, 295 54, 827 23, 306 49, 250 38, 104 94, 898 55, 668 1, 253, 846 No of Families Empowered in 201720) %( 8, 816 20, 402 10, 642 15, 088 7, 576 6, 212 12, 022 11, 477 9, 255 10, 046 2, 550 1, 840 2120 2, 322 12, 372 12, 382 6, 235 26, 440 9, 859 10, 965 4, 661 9, 850 7, 620 18, 979 11, 134 250, 865

. 2 Families Empowered at Divisional Secretariat Division & Community Based Bank Level S/N 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 District Colombo Gampaha Kaluthara Kandy Matale Nuwara Eliya Galle Matara Hambantota Jaffna Mannar Vauniya Mullathive Kilinochchi Baticaloa Ampara Trincomalee Kurunegala Puttlam Anuradhapura Plonnaruwa Badulla Moneragala Ratnapura Kegalle Total No of DS Divisions No of Families At DS Level No of D-CB Banks No of Families Empowered by CB Banks 13 13 14 20 11 5 19 16 12 15 5 4 6 4 14 20 11 30 16 22 07 15 11 17 11 331 678 1, 569 760 754 688 1, 242 632 717 771 669 510 460 353 580 883 619 566 881 616 498 665 656 692 1, 116 1, 012 18, 587 42 86 56 91 40 35 68 50 42 33 09 10 10 07 29 43 18 120 48 54 22 44 27 46 44 1, 074 16 18 13 08 17 35 09 14 18 20 56 46 35 82 30 14 31 07 12 09 30 14 25 24 23 606

Contribution to GDP ? Total expenditure for DDD - Rs. 57 b. Country’s GDP by 2015 - Rs. 11, 183 b % from GDP - 0. 5% At least (1%), double, be given - Rs. 114 b. Means of contribution Increasing monthly income of benefi. families Improving rural infrastructure Thro; housing lottery Savings net interest income Contribution by social development activities 66

“EDSODA” EXERCISE Experience Direction Situation now Outcome desired Deadlines Action plan 67

Free is most expensive!!!! DEAD MONEY & LIVE MONEY If (102) 58 + 44 b. given for 2017, not utilized to get Value For Money (VFM) = DEAD SUCH MONEY could have been utilized for; To establish a Garment Factory - Rs. 30 m. (500 jobs) Means; 340 Factories with 170, 000 jobs! = LIVE MONEY WHAT IS OUR CHOICE? 68

TOP 10 RICHEST COUNTRIES - 2016 S/N NAME OF COUNTRY PER CAPITA ($) 1 Qatar 146, 000 2 Luxemburg 94, 000 3 Singapore 85, 000 4 Brunei 80, 000 5 Kuwait 72, 000 6 Norway 68, 000 7 United Arabic Emir State 68, 000 8 USA 57, 000 9 Switzerland 56, 000 10 Saudi Arabia 56, 000 69

TOP 10 POOREST COUNTRIES - 2016 S/N NAME OF COUNTRY PER CAPITA ($) 1 Democratic Republic of Congo 236 2 Malawi 253 3 Central African Republic 4 Liberia 5 Madagascar 6 Eretria 546 7 United Arabic Emir State 589 8 Zimbabwe 625 9 Niger 777 10 Afghanistan 436 69% 1$ p. d. 1, 100 70

Current Economic & Demographic Data SL q q q World GDP Per Capita (US $ ) (‘ 15) 3, 926 GDP Growth Rate, ‘ 16 Q 2 2. 6% Unemployment Rate, ‘ 16 Q 1 4. 2% Inflation (‘ 15) 4. 0% GDP Per Capita , ‘ 14 Esti. Rs. 3, 414/= Life Expectancy at Birth 74 73 Total population (‘ 13) 20. 35 m Total Households (‘ 13 ) 5. 35 m Family size (‘ 13) 3. 8 Population Growth Rate (‘ 15) 0. 93% 1. 2% Rural Population (‘ 15) 81. 64% Total Households (‘ 13) 5. 26 (Census Dept. , country facts. findthedata. com, Wikipedia) 71

Current Economic & Demographic Data SL q q q q Birth Rate (‘ 15) Unemployment (‘ 13) Death Rate (‘ 15%) Adult Literacy (‘ 13) Forest Cover (‘ 15) Technology usage (‘ 15) Trade Deficit (US $) (‘ 15)Inflation (‘ 13) - 16/1, 000 4. 6% 7/1, 000 96% 33. 22% 4/9 (SAR) 6. 11 b 6. 9% World 18/1, 000 7/1, 000 91. 18% 31. 98% 138 th (country facts. findthedata. com, Wikipedia) 72

References A. J. Satharasinghe, Social Development Status of Estate Sector, 2013 http//: www. country-facts. findthedata. com Department of Divineguma Development, Annual Report, 2015 Department of Census and Statistics, Publications, 2004 – 2012 publications and Annual Reports Elena Glinskaya – World Bank An Empirical Evaluation of Samurdhi Program 73

References… https: //www. en. wikipedia. org. http: //www. ieconomics. com Ministry of Social Empowerment and Welfare, Budget - 2016 R. M. K. Rthnayake, Food Assistance and State Welfare (Sinhala), Kanchana Printers, 2013 World Bank Reports – 1997 - 2013 74