Steven George Sr Delivery Manager Mark Fuller Sr

Steven George Sr. Delivery Manager Mark Fuller Sr. Pr. Instructor Rick Pandya Pr. Instructor JF Verrier Pr. Curriculum Developer Oracle Corporation

g: 10 Oracle Database Managing the Self. Managing Database

Objectives • Understanding the self-management capabilities of Oracle Database 10 g • Customizing the self-management capabilities of Oracle Database 10 g

Manageability Goal Reduce Administration Cost • • Automatic versus Manual Intelligence versus Data Reduce Capital Expenditure • • Adaptive versus Oversized Integrated versus Third Party Reduce Failure Cost • • Preventive versus Corrective Act and Succeed versus Trial and Error ½ Cost

How DBAs Spend Their Time Install 6% Create and Configure 12% Load Data 6% Manage Database System 55% Maintain Software 6%

Database Management Challenges ? ? Application and SQL Management Storage Management System Resource Management ? Backup and Recovery Management Space Management ? ?

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management Common Manageability Infrastructure System Resource Management Advise Space Management

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Automatic Workload Repository Automated Tasks Automatic Server Alerts Proactive Advisory Framework Automatic Workload Repository Data Warehouse of the Database Automatic collection of important statistics Efficient Direct memory access

Automatic Workload Repository ADDM finds top problems MMON SYSAUX WR Schema BG … BG FG … FG In-memory statistics AWR ASH Statistics 7: 00 a. m. 7: 30 a. m. 8: 00 a. m. 8: 30 a. m. Snapshot 1 Snapshot 2 Snapshot 3 Snapshot 4 SGA 8: 30 am DBA Seven days

Statistics Level STATISTICS_LEVEL BASIC TYPICAL ALL Turn off all self-tuning capabilities Recommended default value Additional statistics for manual SQL diagnostics

Configuring The Workload Repository

Manually Creating Snapshots

Database Feature Usage Metric Collection Oracle Database 10 g Once a week DB Feature Usage Statistics MMON Advanced Replication, Oracle Streams, AQ, Virtual Private Database, Audit options, … AWR DB High-Water Mark Statistics size of largest segment, maximum number of sessions, maximum number of tables, maximum size of the database, maximum number of data files, … DBA_FEATURE_USAGE_STATISTICS DBA_HIGH_WATER_MARK_STATISTICS HOST CONFIGURATION INFO EM Repository: ECM EM Console

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Server Alerts Automatic Automated Tasks Server Alerts Proactive Advisory Framework Automatic Workload Repository Efficient Push model Enabled by default Timely generation

Server Alerts Enterprise Manager Automatic Notification Oracle Server (SGA) Guided Resolution Server Alerts Queue Server monitors itself MMON AWR

Server Alerts Delivery Process Subscribing Console Clients Update Third Party Queue BG Advanced Queue Push FG EM (EMD) Page or e-mail DBAs

Server-Generated Alert Types Metric-Based Alert Threshold Alerts Alert 97% Critical Cleared 85% Warning Cleared MMON Non. Threshold Alerts Snapshot Too Old Resumable Session Suspended Recovery Area Low On Free Space Alert Event-Based

Out-of-the-box Alerts 97% Critical 85% Warning Locally Managed Tablespace Space Usage Resumable Session Suspended Recovery Area Low On Free Space Snapshot Too Old

EM Interface to Alerts

Setting Alert Thresholds

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Automated Tasks Automatic Automated Tasks Server Alerts Proactive Advisory Framework Automatic Workload Repository Pre-packaged routine maintenance tasks Resource usage controlled Efficient Statistics collection task scheduled out-of-the-box

Automatic Optimizer Statistics Collection DBA tracks and gathers statistics Targets right objects Resolves two issues Automatic statistics collection Determines right samples

Gather Statistics Job MAINTENANCE_WINDOW_GROUP WEEKNIGHT_WINDOW WEEKEND_WINDOW 10 pm– 6 am Mon to Fri 12 am Sat to 12 am Mon gather_stats_job AUTO_TASKS_JOB_CLASS AUTO_TASKS_CONSUMER_GROUP

Adding New Tasks Using EM

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Creating Automated Tasks

Common Manageability Infrastructure: Advisory Framework Automatic Automated Tasks Server Alerts Proactive Advisory Framework Automatic Workload Repository Uniform interface Efficient Fully integrated

Advisory Framework SQL Tuning PGA Memory SGA ADDM Access Space Shared Pool Segment Advisor Undo Common data source Buffer Cache AWR Seamless integration

Guided Tuning Session Create an advisor task Adjust task parameters Enterprise Manager Database Console Perform analysis No Accept results? Yes Implement recommendations

Advisory Central

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management System Resource Management Advise Space Management Common Infrastructure

Performance Monitoring Solutions SGA In-memory statistics MMON Alerts DBA Reactive Monitoring Snapshots ADDM Proactive Monitoring within Oracle Server ADDM Results AWR

ADDM Performance Monitoring SGA In-memory statistics 30 minutes MMON Snapshots ADDM EM ADDM Results AWR

ADDM Problem Classification System … … RAC Waits Buffer Busy Concurrency Parse Latches System Wait Buf Cache latches IO Waits Non-problem areas Symptoms … Root Causes …

Accessing ADDM Advice

ADDM Recommendations

Performance Monitoring Solutions SGA In-memory statistics MMON Alerts DBA Reactive Monitoring Snapshots ADDM Proactive Monitoring within Oracle Server ADDM Results AWR

Performance Management Approach Host CPU Bottlenecks Memory Bottlenecks Oracle CPU/Waits Uses ASH and AWR SQL Sessions

EM Product Layout Enterprise-wide Console Page Target Databases Page Database Home Page Database Performance Page Drilldowns SQL Session

Database Performance Page

Concurrency Wait Class: Drill Down

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management System Resource Management Advise Space Management Common Infrastructure

Automate the SQL Tuning Process I can do it for you! SQL Workload DBA ADDM High-load SQL Tuning Advisor

SQL Tuning Advisor Overview Automatic Tuning Optimizer Comprehensive SQL Tuning Statistics Check Optimization Mode Detect Stale or Missing Statistics Plan Tuning Optimization Mode Plan Tuning (SQL Profile) Access Analysis Optimization Mode Add Missing Index Run Access Advisor SQL Analysis Optimization Mode SQL Tuning Advisor Restructure SQL

Plan Tuning Flow submit Optimizer (Tuning Mode) create SQL Tuning Advisor SQL Profile use No application code change Optimizer (Normal Mode) Database Users output Well-Tuned Plan

SQL Tuning Advisor Usage Model Automatic Selection AWR ADDM High-load SQL Sources AWR Cursor Cache Custom Manual Selection STS Filter/Rank DBA SQL Tuning Advisor

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Resolving Performance Problems

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management System Resource Management Advise Space Management Common Infrastructure

Overview of Automatic Shared Memory Management Shared Pool Database Buffer Cache Redo Log Buffer Java Pool Fixed SGA Large Pool SGA MMAN Automatically set the optimal size

Benefits of Automatic Shared Memory Management DB_CACHE_SIZE SHARED_POOL_SIZE LARGE_POOL_SIZE JAVA_POOL_SIZE Total SGA size SGA_TARGET

Using EM to Configure Automatic Shared Memory Management

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Automating Memory Management

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management System Resource Management Advise Space Management Common Infrastructure

Segment Shrink Overview Data Unused Space HWM Shrink Operation Online and in-place Reclaimed Space Data HWM

How Can I Shrink Segments? ALTER … SHRINK SPACE [CASCADE] TABLE INDEX MATERIALIZED VIEW MODIFY PARTITION MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG MODIFY SUBPARTITION MODIFY LOB ALTER TABLE employees ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT; 1 ALTER TABLE employees SHRINK SPACE CASCADE; 2

Segment Advisor

Growth Trend Report

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Proactively Managing Space

Segment Resource Estimation

Automatic Undo Retention Tuning • Proactive tuning – Undo retention is tuned for longest-running query. – Query duration information is collected every 30 seconds. • Reactive tuning – Undo retention is gradually lowered under space pressure. – Oldest unexpired extents are used first. • Enabled by default

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Using Automatic Undo Retention Tuning

Undo Advisor

Redo Logfile Size Advisor

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management System Resource Management Advise Space Management Common Infrastructure

Automatic Backup (DBCA Setup)

Optimized Incremental Backup Optimizes incremental backups • Tracks which blocks have changed since last backup Oracle Database 10 g has integrated change tracking. • New Change Tracking File is introduced. • Changed blocks are tracked as redo is generated. • Database backup automatically uses changed block list. List of Changed Blocks SGA Redo Generation 1011001010110 0001110100101 1010101110011 Change Tracking File Redo Log

Defining Flash Recovery Area

Flash Recovery Area Space Management Database file backup 1 2 3 4 Recovery Area RMAN updates 1 list of files that 2 may be deleted. Backup files to be deleted Disk limit is reached and a new file needs to be written into the Recovery Area. Space pressure occurs. Warning is issued to user. Oracle deletes files that are no longer required on disk.

Suggested Strategy

Flashback Error Correction Database • Customer • Order • Order Line • • Flashback Database – Restore database to time – Uses flashback logs Flashback Drop – Restore dropped table – Uses recycle bin Flashback Table – Restore all rows in table to time – Uses UNDO in database Flashback Transaction Query – Query a committed Txn Flashback Versions Query – Query changes to rows over time

Solution: Self-Managing Database Enterprise Manager Database Console Application and SQL Management Storage Management Monitor Fix Backup and Recovery Management Alert Automatic Management System Resource Management Advise Space Management Common Infrastructure

What Is Automatic Storage Management Database Tablespace ASM solves management problems of Oracle databases. Segment Extent ASM manages Oracle files. ASM does not replace existing concepts.

Hierarchy ASM disk group Database Tablespace Segment Extent Oracle block ASM file Data file Or File system file or raw device ASM disk Allocation unit Physical block

ASM Benefits Reduces the cost of managing storage Reduces administration complexity Supports RAC Improves performance, scalability, and reliability

ASM Files CREATE TABLESPACE sample DATAFILE '+dgroup. A'; Database file Automatic ASM file creation 1 2 3 4 ASM file automatically spread inside disk group dgroup. A

SQL Statements Issued to ASM Instances CREATE DISKGROUP ALTER SYSTEM RESTRICTED SESSION ASM Instance ALTER DISKGROUP DROP DISKGROUP

Enterprise Manager and ASM

D E M O N S T R A T I O N Using Automatic Storage Management

How Oracle Database 10 g DBAs Spend Their Time Proactive and Strategic Planning 50+% Install 3% Maintain Software 3% Manage Database System 25% Create and Configure 6% Load Data 3%

Summary • Oracle Database 10 g’s self-management capabilities work out-of-the-box. • Customization of Oracle Database 10 g’s self-management capabilities can be done through Enterprise Manager. • Oracle Database 10 g is a self-managing database which reduces administration overhead and enables DBAs to become proactive strategists.

Q & A QUESTIONS ANSWERS

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