State of Indiana Orthophotography and Li DAR Program

State of Indiana Orthophotography and Li. DAR Program R. N. Wilkinson Special thanks to: Jim Sparks Jim Stout Phil Worrall

Indiana’s Statewide GIS Framework Data Layers At the edge of some great accomplishments

Statewide GIS Initiatives • Indiana. Map Data Sharing Initiative • Broadband Mapping Program • Local-Resolution NHD Development • Orthophotography & Li. DAR Program • IGIC/ISPLS Height Modernization Pilot & the INDOT CORS Network • The New Indiana. Map Viewer R 3

Program History • 2005 Statewide Imagery Project – DHS Grant was stimulus – Program the result of the IGIC Orthophoto Workgroup – Primary goal was a one-year statewide acquisition – $8. 5 Million cost – Completed in 2006

2005 Ortho Project Benefits $1. 7 Billion worth of project and operations support

2011 Indiana Statewide Program

Deliverables • Orthophotography – ECW files • Compressed files – Geo. Tiff • Located geographically – Metadata – Tile Index • 5000 x 5000 index • Li. DAR – Digital Elevation Models • DEMs – LAS files – Hydro Line Work • Used to hydro flatten water bodies – Tile Index • 5000 x 5000 index

2011 Indiana Statewide Program Administered through Indiana Office of Technology – State Geographic Information Officer – Jim Sparks Base Products 1’ Pixel Resolution – 4 -Band Imagery USGS-compliant, 1. 5 meter post spacing Li. DAR Digital Elevation Model Available Buy-up Options 6”-inch Resolution Ortho 3”-inch Resolution Ortho 1 -meter post spacing Li. DAR

What is an Orthophotograph? Definition: A digital (electronic) aerial photograph that has been modified to remove distortion from the camera & airplane and adjusted to fit the ground surface. It is a photo that can be used as a MAP.

Cameras Distort Images All imagery has spatial error due to the distorting nature of photography. & Don’t forget Terrain Distortion

2002 Orthos with old DEM 2003 Orthos with new DEM

Orthophoto Uses Orthophotography has the geometric characteristics of a map and the image qualities of a photograph. • distance measurements • area calculations • determination of feature shape • direction calculations • determination of coordinates at a location • analyze change

Orthoimagery • Deliverables – 4 -Band 1”=200’ scale seamless orthoimagery – Geo. TIFF format – Enhanced Compression Wavelet (ECW) format – 5, 000 X 5, 000 tiles – +/- 5. 0 horizontal accuracy – NSSDA Standards – FGDC Metadata

Orthoimagery: Base Resolution 12 -inch

Orthoimagery: Optional Resolution 6 -inch

Orthoimagery: Optional Resolution 3 -inch

Indiana Li. DAR Program • Capture 1/3 of state/year • Base Li. DAR product is: – Li. DAR Point Cloud 1. 5 Meter Post Spacing 1 st & Last & Intensity (LAS v 12 format) – Digital Elevation Model 5 -foot pixel, 5 k-foot tiles, hydro-flattened (ERDAS Imagine IMG format) • Buy-up: – 1 -meter Li. DAR – Contours

Statewide Li. DAR Data Sources Blue counties (new 2011 -2013 Li. DAR capture planned) Other Counties (recent County Li. DAR projects) Other Areas (recent FEMA Li. DAR projects ) All data homogenized into statewide data product / delivery standard

Indiana Li. DAR Program Objective • New Li. DAR data – with many benefits beyond standard DEM and DTM production, especially when combined with 4 -band imagery: – – – – Automatic Feature Extraction Change Detection Impervious Surface Analysis Land Use/Land Cover Extraction Forestry Analysis Flood Analysis Line of Site Analysis

Li. DAR v Light Detection and Ranging – laser range finding from an airplane or helicopter. v Builds a “cloud” of X, Y, Z points reflected back to the receiver. v Captures all reflective surfaces (ground, buildings, trees, utility lines). Not water. v Reflectivity can be used to determine type of surface.

Li. DAR Cloud Profile of Indy

Li. DAR shaded blue to red, oblique view. Arrow shows perspective of next slide.

Li. DAR of tree stand, oblique view. Note Cyan dots represent points on the ground. So, about 1/1000 points get to the ground through dense forest.

Definition – Digital Elevation Model v A 3 D computerized representation of the variation of relief of the earth’s surface in the form of points of elevation (often supplemented by breaklines depicting severe changes in slope). v Used for: - Rectifying aerial photography. - Calculating ground contours. - 3 D modeling of slope and drainage.

DTM DEM

Uses for Li. DAR Data and DEM’s • • Point elevations Warp correction on imagery Building outline detection Forestry production determination 3 d Modeling 3 d Mapping Change detection on built up areas

Indiana Li. DAR Program

Li. DAR shaded red to blue elevations. Trees are easily identifiable.

Depth Grids • Depth of flooding derived from subtracting WSEL and terrain grids • To be a standard deliverable for FEMA Flood Insurance Study modeling under Risk. MAP • Also a standard input for HAZUS-MH to determine flood loss impacts

Natural color ortho draped over Li. DAR cloud, oblique view.

Contours from Li. DAR (with Breaklines)

Access to Data • IU Indiana Spatial Data Portal – Single file download – Multi-file download tool • • • Indiana Map State of Indiana County Governments Open Topography website IGIC Corporate or Institutional Members – Hard drives available through Phil Worrall

Indiana Li. DAR Program

Indiana Map OG R P K IN A SS RE OR W Internet dependant

Indiana Map http: //maps. indiana. edu/layers. html Through the Layer Gallery

Access • State of Indiana – GIO office • County Govt – – Check with local government for availability – Each County got their data delivered on hard drives.

Indiana Statewide Li. DAR Data Introducing the Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

Open Topography Server Classes of data types available • Li. DAR point cloud data • Standard digital elevation models (DEMs) • For Li. DAR point cloud data, web-based tools are also available to process these data into custom DEMs.

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

The Open Topography Server for Indiana

Open Topography Server for Indiana

TOOLS in Open Topography

Open Topography Server for Indiana Download and do some REAL COOL THINGS!

QUESTIONS?