State educational institution of Secondary professional education of

State educational institution of Secondary professional education of the city of Moscow Medical College named after S. P. Botkin health Department of the city of Moscow. The world around me. Prepared student : Nikishin I. S. Teacher : Kuldoshina N. N. « 2014»

Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted or inhaled. Most commonly the substance is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which has been rolled into rice paper into a small, round cylinder called a "cigarette". This is primarily practiced as a route of administrationfor what has come to be termed "recreational drug use" because the combustion of the dried plant leaves releases active substances into the body.

According to the world health organization in the world on average every six seconds one person dies from diseases associated with tobacco Smoking, and annually for this reason, die five million people. "If the trend of increasing prevalence of Smoking will not decrease, according to forecasts, by 2020 annually will prematurely die 10 million people, and by 2030, tobacco will become one of the strongest factors leading to premature death"

Smoking during pregnancy According to statistics, only 1/5 of women who smoke, quit Smoking during pregnancy, despite the fact that Smoking is bad and the expectant mother and the fetus. A woman who smokes during pregnancy, the child is born with low birth weight. More than a woman consumes nicotine, the lower the weight of the child. On average, a child is born to 200 grams less, if his mother had smoked during pregnancy, compared with non-Smoking mom. The woman is older, so this indicator is visible. Women who smoked during pregnancy, most children born with congenital anomalies of the heart, brain and face. Miscarriages, the offset of the placenta, premature birth, birth of dead children happens a lot more often in women who smoke. Also, children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy appear behind other children in the intellectual, emotional and physical development. Now consider that the reason for this in carbon monoxide in the nicotine. Carbon monoxide reduces oxygen supply. The consumption of nicotine narrows the blood vessels through which the blood supply to the placenta and uterus, which reduces the flow of oxygen and other nutrients to the unborn child. Expectant mothers need to protect yourself from secondhand smoke, like tobacco smoke also acts on the fetus.

Dependence on tobacco can be both psychological and physical. With psychological dependence, the man reaches for a cigarette when Smoking is in the company, or under stress, nervous tension, to stimulate mental activity. Produced by certain habit, a ritual of Smoking, without which man can not live fully.