Specialistic values- climbing speleology
Mountain climbing W. H. Paryski defines mountain climbing as cresting high parts of the Tatra mountains using the specialistic techniques and high mountain equipment (rope, hooks, crampones, axe). We shall distinguish between climbing the mountains which means the above and trekking in the mountains (walking). The last one means penetrating mountains using mostly marked paths without using specialistic equipment.
We can divide climbing into winter and summer. Winter climbing is more difficult and it is practised by lower number of enthusiasts. Summer climbing is very popular at the moment. However in order to climb the mountains the licence issued by Polski Związek Alpinizmu is needed. There about 20 -30 000 memebers of PZA. Mountain climbing is only possible to practise in the Tatra Mountains in Poland. The Tatras are the only mountain ridge with the alpine characteristics. The area of the Tatras is 230 km 2. The most attractive are the parts of the High Tatras close to Morskie Oko and Dolina 5 Stawów. You can also climb in surroundings of Hala Gąsienicowa.
Rock Climbing However mountain climbing is not the only way of practicing climbing. It is also climb in so called rock gardens. These are the rocky areas of the Sudety Mountains and Kraków-Częstochowa Upland. Rock gardens areas with the rocks of the height between 10 -60 m. You can climb there using climbing techniques and the rope. The areas of rock gardens encompass 1440 km 2. The amount of the rock climber is much higher than mountain climbers since no licence is neccesary to climb rocks. The estimational number is 50000 -100000.
Speleology Speology is another specialistic attraction. It can be divided into two categories. Visiting caves open for public and the caves which can be visited with the climbing eqipment. Caves open for public are usually well prepared for tourism. They usually have marked trails cunducting through them and they are usually enlighted. It is possible to visit them with the trained guide. Visiting those caves belongs natural environment values. However the most difficult ones are only visited by trained and licenced cavers. There are 8 areas all over Poland with the caves. They are located at the areas of 4240 km 2. The caves are mostly located in the Tatra Mountains, the Sudety Mountains, Krakowsko. Częstochowska Uphills and the are close to Chęciny. The largest number of caves is located in Krakowsko-Częstochowska Uphills (2000). However they are usually small.
The most attractive are the caves in the West Tatras. They are located in the surroundings of Kościeliska and Chochołowska Valleys. The deepest caves are: Wielka Śnieżna (824 m) the Tatras Śnieżna Studnia (759 m) The Tatras Bańdzioch Kominiarski (759 m) The Tatras
The longest caves in Poland are Wielka Śnieżna (23 619 m) the Tatras Za Siedmiu Progami (11 660 m) the Tatras Śnieżna Studnia (11 000 m) the Tatras
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