Southwest Asia People and their Environment
Arabs • Arabs: people in different countries who share a common culture and language • Confusions – Began when Arabs migrated throughout world – Spread their language and religion
Arabs-cont. • 75% of the people who live in SW Asia are Arab • All Muslims are not Arab – Only 25% of world’s Muslims live in SW Asia • All Arabs are not Muslim – Arabs practice many religions • Islam, Christianity, Judaism
Diversity of SW Asian People • Migration and conquest contributed to diversity of people • Ethnic Groups – Persians (Iranians), Greeks, Turks, Mongols • Left their language and customs in the region • Other ethnic groups – Armenians, Jews, Kurds, Africans
Diversity of SW Asian People-cont. • Languages – Armenian, Arabic, Turkish, Hebrew, Greek, Kurdish, Aramaic, Persian (Farsi), English, French • Religions – Christianity, Islam, Judaism
The Divided Muslim Population • Muslims: people who practice Islam (religion) – Makes up 90% of people living in SW Asia • Muslim sects (different groups of Muslims) – Sunni – Shiite
Creation of Israel • Jewish people had been persecuted in Europe for centuries • Israel created as a homeland for Jewish people in Palestine – Created after WW II – Created in 1948
Adaptation to an Arid Environment • Technologies developed to address issue of limited fresh water – Irrigation (ancient technology) – Desalination (modern technology) – Fertigation (modern technology) – Breeding of plants to survive arid conditions (modern technology)
Nomad Adaptations • Nomad: person who moves from one place to another in search of food and water for animals • Ways nomads adapted to arid environment – Lived in small groups – Moved at certain seasons of the year – Followed well planned routes to places where animals could graze – Skilled at finding water – Used all parts of animal – Traded goods with settled people
An Urbanized SW Asia • Urban/urbanized: city life • Reasons for population growth in SW Asia – Centers for business, trade, and culture – Better job and educational opportunities – More exciting daily life • Countries with large urbanized populations – Lebanon, Iraq, Jordan, Israel
Key Vocabulary • Islam: religion of Muslim people • Sects: different groups of a particular category • Holocaust: mass murder of Jewish population by Nazi Germany during WW II
Key Vocabulary-cont. • Desalination: changing salty sea water into fresh water that can be used for drinking and irrigation – Saudi Arabia built factories • Fertigation: feeding water and fertilizer directly to roots of crops to prevent water evaporation – Pioneered by Israel
Key Vocabulary-cont. • Sown land: land that can support agriculture – Found where rainfall is adequate • Plains, river valleys, mountain sides • Desert land: dry land that doesn’t support agriculture
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