Southern Federal University Academy of Biology and Biotechnology Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology My Current Research Dzreyan V. A.
The field of science Biochemistry is the study of chemical composition of living cells and chemical processes within living system.
History of biochemistry It is a comparatively new branch of science. Biochemistry originated in the late 19 th century as a product of chemistry and biology. Nowadays, it is а developing and promising science. Biochemistry has advanced, especially since the mid-20 th century, with the development of new techniques, such as chromatography, spectroscopy, electron microscopy and so on. Anselme Payen Sir Hans Adolf Krebs Known for discovered the Known for his discoveries of First enzyme amilase, the urea cycle and the citric in 1833. acid cycle (Krebs cycle). James Watson Known as one of the codiscoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with F. Crick and R. Franklin.
Work in Laboratory I conduct my research in the Laboratory of Molecular Biology at the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University
My Responsibilities as an assistant are ü ü ü to write of reports; to work with equipment; to buy some chemical reagents; to do some calculations and measurements; to prepare biological samples; to take part in scientific conferences and seminars.
The subject of my research is • arginase activity in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in patients with ischaemic heart disease and postpericardicotomy syndrome
My research problem Oxidative stress is characterized by disbalance between the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the work of antioxidants in the living system. These conditions are implicated in a variety of pathologies, such as diabetes, inflammation, pulmonary hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and so on. antioxidants ROS
• Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. The causes, prevention, and/or treatment of all forms of cardiovascular disease are active fields of biomedical research.
• Postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPS) is a medical syndrome referring to an immune phenomenon that occurs days to months (usually 1– 6 weeks) after surgical incision of the pericardium. PPS can also be caused after a trauma, after coronary intervention. • One problem with this definition is that it is so non specific.
Actions of arginase • Arginase is a member of the ureohydrolase family of enzymes. Specifically arginase converts L-arginine into urea and L – ornithine. NO synthase NO* arginase L-arginine L– ornithine urea
The purpose of my current research is • to evaluate arginase activity of blood during oxidative stress and subsequent effect on nitric oxide availability and, as a result, role of arginase activity in the pathogenesis of myocardial dysfunction.
Materials and methods • Patients/blood samples were collected in heparinized tubes from pediatrics patients with ischaemic heart disease and postpericardicotomy syndrome. • In my research I employ methods of the determination of arginase activity and concentration of urea. It is a specific colorimetric assay for the determination of arginase activity based on the ornithine–ninhydrin reaction.
Concept of my research Ischaemic heart disease Increased arginase activity Uncoupling NO synthase Generation of superoxide, peroxynitrite and less NO Myocardial dysfunction (Cell death)
Results • We have come to the conclusion that arginase activity in the pathogenesis of myocardial dysfunction plays a significant toxic role. • This information is important for identify the causes and cures to reduce injury.
Conclusions • Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the initiation of vascular injury is a critical step toward developing new therapies. • Arginase inhibitors are a potential drugs during cardiovascular diseases to reduce injury. • This concept will be developed in the subsequent research.
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