Sources of the Democratic tradition Democratic Developments in

Sources of the Democratic tradition Democratic Developments in England

FEUDALISM na loosely organized system of rule in which lords divided landholdings among lesser lords. n vassals, pledged service and loyalty to the greater lord.

William the Conqueror n 1066 the Battle of Hastings n Normans defeat Saxons n William ascended the throne of England.

Medieval Reforms • Henry II 1154 -1189 • Trial by Jury • Common Law-legal system based on precedents determined by decisions of royal justices

The Magna Carta 1215 • Nobles rebel against King • John • Limitation of Monarch’s • Power of the Purse • Due Process • 1295 Model Parliament House of Lords House of Commons

Henry VIII n King 1509 -1547 n Strengthened English monarchy n Removed England from Catholic Church n Quest for an heir

Elizabeth I n Queen 1558 -1603 n Made England into world power n Lack of heir led to succession crisis

1603 Stuart Dynasty • United (Scotland + England) Kingdom • James I-Divine Right of Kings King 1603 -1625 • Charles I- King 1625 -1649 1628 Petition of Rights • Struggled with Parliament for control of

1642 -1649 English Civil War • Roundheads v Cavaliers • Oliver Cromwell • Execution of Charles I • 1649 -1660 The Protectorate

1660 The Restoration • Monarchy reinstated by Parliament • Charles II King 1660 -1685 • James II 1685

The Glorious Revolution-1688 n William and Mary n Constitutional Monarchy

English Bill of Rights limits power of Kings • Right of Petition • Free Speech • Power of the Purse • Representative Government •

England’s Legacy to Democracy n The Rule of Law n Parliamentary Government n Individual Liberties n Constitutional Monarchy