Shanty Towns IB SL What Are They

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Shanty Towns IB SL

What Are They? • Found mainly in LEDC’s. • They are informal and built from anything and everything. • They are illegal and built on unsafe and unwanted land. • Some are built on steep slopes and are subject to landslides. • Others may be built on floodplains which will be subject to flooding.

Types Slums Of Hope • Self built houses. • Immigrants consolidate their position in the informal urban economy. • Housing is improving. • Mexico City: Colonias Paracondistas. Slums Of Despair • Little room for improvement. • Incomes are low. • Rents are high. • Leasing arrangements are insecure. • Environmental problems. • Mexico City: Ciudades Peridias.

Rio De Janeiro • The rise of favelas has been rapid. • A favela is an “area lacking formal services, containing 60 or more families who are squatting illegally on the site”. • Out of Rio’s 12 million population, between 1. 7 and 2. 5 million of them live in slums. • The largest favela, Rocinha, is estimated to have a population of 80, 000. • The clearance of these sites is to cause problems.

Rio De Janeiro • In 1990, a programme of electrification had started to improve conditions in the favelas. • Some favelas date back to the 1940’s and have a mix of commercial services for a diverse socio-economic population. • The worst conditions are found in the most recent favelas such as no basic services, low incomes, and very high unemployment.

Improving Shanty Towns • Legalisation. • Give residents security of tenure. • Giving Assisted Self-Help measures (ASH). • Recognising these neighbourhoods as part of the city. • To provide these areas with essential services.

Primary Projects • Paved and formally named roads. • Water supply pipes and sewage/drainage systems. • Creches, leisure facilities, and sports areas. • Relocation for families living in high-risk areas. • Channelled rivers to stop them changing course.

Secondary Projects • Bringing favela dwellers to mainstream society. • Keep the dwellers out of crime by generating employment. • Improving education and providing courses. • Giving residents access to credit so they can buy things to improve their homes. • Helping people to become homeowners.

Edge Towns • A new town development built on the edge of a city. • Here land is readily available and has good accessibility. • This represents a movement away from more central areas by wealthy populations who can afford high-quality housing built away from the CBD.

Activity Using A 2 Geography P 247, answer the following… 1. Summarise the links between the growth of shanty towns and the process of urbanisation in LEDC’s. 2. Create a table to summarise the advantages and disadvantages of various schemes to the shanty town dweller and the local government.

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