Shakespeare’s Life • Born April 23, 1564 –Stratford-on-Avon, England • Died April 23, 1616
Shakespeare’s Life • William was one of eight children • Father, John Shakespeare, was a merchant
Shakespeare’s Life • 1582 Married Anne Hathaway – 1583 Susanna is born – 1585 Judith & Hamnet are born • 1592 Presumably left London to be an actor and playwright
Shakespeare’s Career • 1594 member of Lord Chamberlain’s Men (theatre company) • 1612 Retired to Stratford-on. Avon • Wrote 37 plays in his career
London Theatre • 1599 Shakespeare’s Theatre Company built the “Globe Theatre” in London • Became known as the “Wooden O” • Majority of his plays were performed here
“Wooden O” • Large, three-story building • Large platform stage • Stage had a small balcony on the “upperstage” • Several trap doors and entrances throughout the stage
Performances • Plays would be performed during the afternoon • Very few sets (scenery, furniture, etc. ) • Setting was created by the actors • Very elaborate costumes
Performances • All actors were MALE • Juliet, in Romeo and Juliet, would have been performed by a well-trained boy actor • Costumes, sound effects and visual effects created the mood for plays
Julius Caesar • Most likely written around 1599 • Shakespeare pulled information from The Lives of Noble Grecians written in the 1 st century • Written about the assassination of the Roman general and dictator who lived 2000 years ago
Rome in Caesar’s Day • Roman world was continuously at war • Roman generals (Caesar) had tremendous power • Caesar conquered much of the Mediterranean world
Rome in Caesar’s Day • Not uncommon for generals to turn on one another to gain more power • Caesar and Pompey clashed in a civil war in 49 B. C.
Caesar & Pompey: Jealousy & Murder • Caesar and Pompey were friends • Pompey married Caesar’s daughter • Caesar, Pompey & Crassus formed the First Triumvirate (three-man government)
Caesar & Pompey: Jealousy & Murder • Eager for power, Caesar left for the Gallic Wars • He conquered parts of France, Belgium, Holland, Germany & Switzerland • Caesar sent large sums of money to Rome to gain the people’s favor
Caesar & Pompey: Jealousy & Murder • 49 B. C. Pompey convinced the Senate to order Caesar to give up his command • Caesar refused; marched into Rome and took control • Pompey was chased to Egypt
Caesar & Pompey: Jealousy & Murder • Pompey was murdered in Egypt • Caesar stayed in Egypt, established Cleopatra on the Egyptian throne • Left for Spain and defeated armies led by Pompey’s sons
The Unconquerable God • Upon returning to Rome, Caesar was invincible • Declared dictator for ten years –Supporters become Senators (including Brutus) • Statue was built with the inscription – “the Unconquerable God”
The Unconquerable God • Caesar was the first “king” in 450 years • Many thought his ambition was deplorable • Certain senators planned to assassinate him on March 15, 44 B. C. • Shakespeare’s play opens on February 15, 44 B. C.
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