Semantic Wiki Review of Current Projects April 2006

Semantic Wiki Review of Current Projects April 2006 Source: http: //wiki. ontoworld. org/index. php/Semantic_Wiki_State_Of_The_Art 4/20/2006 1

Semantic Wiki Background • • Semantic Wikis are an extension of regular Wikis, where users can add semantic annotations to Wiki pages. These annotations can help users find information and navigate through the Wiki. For example, a Wiki with pages about various books could annotate these pages with little pieces of additional data, such as "this book was written by John Irving", or "This book was published in 1995". Annotations are typically written in RDF, although the user does not need to know any RDF. Having such semantic annotations, the system can help users who want to see all books by John Irving. It does not do a full-text search, but looks into these annotations to get very accurate and relevant results. 4/20/2006 • • Personal Wikis are another extension of regular Wikis, that actually do not provide any collaborative functionality, but instead focus on providing a single user optimal usability. Personal Wikis have become quite popular recently, on many different platform; see for example are Tomboy, wikid. Pad, and Voodoo. Pad. These personal Wikis are very simple applications and focus on some simple usability features such as instant autosave, backlinks, linking autocomplete, and full-text search. 2

Semantic Wiki Projects • • • COW Ike. Wiki Kaukolu. Wiki Kawa. Wiki Kendra. Base Makna Onto. Wiki Open. Record Platypus. Wiki POWL 4/20/2006 • Rhizome • Rise Semantic Wikipedia • Se. Media. Wiki • Sem. Per. Wiki • Sem. Wiki • Sweet. Wiki • Wekiwi • Wiki. Ont • Wik. SAR 3

COW • The semantic wiki COW is an attempt to combine a text-based wiki with ontologies to extend the wiki idea with semantics. It is a project of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, developed by Jochen Fischer, Zeno Gantner, Steffen Rendle and Manuel Stritt under supervision of Prof. Dr. Lars Schmidt-Thieme. 4/20/2006 4

Ike. Wiki • Ike. Wiki allows users to annotate pages and links between pages with semantic annotations, that give machines a certain amount of "understanding" of the content that goes beyond merely displaying the page. • Allows context-specific presentation of pages, advanced querying, consistency verification or drawing conclusions. • Ike. Wiki can make use of some of the knowledge represented in RDFS and OWL schemas to display enhanced navigation tools. E. g. , a sample "biology ontology" automatically displays a taxonomy box for biological objects. 4/20/2006 5

Kaukolu. Wiki • Kaukolu. Wiki is a Java-JSP-based Semantic Wiki that manages its data by using Semantic Web tools. Most Uses methods of the Semantic Web to bridge the gap between Semantics and the WWW. Creates web pages that semi-automatically include semantic information. Goal is automated integration of knowledge and reasoning over this knowledge. • Kaukoluwiki is used as private wiki on the Gnowsis Semantic Desktop. It integrates with other Desktop RDF databases and can be used as a personal wiki/weblogging tool. Pages created in the wiki can contribute to the RDF data of the semantic desktop. 4/20/2006 6

Kawa. Wiki • Semantic Wiki is a variant of Wiki. Web to generate Semantic Web pages containing RDF/OWL data. We propose a new Semantic Wiki system called “Kawa. Wiki” and show a prototype. It utilizes three types of templates to input values of RDF data elements, to generate RDF data, and to format Wiki pages. • Kensaku KAWAMOTO, Yasuhiko KITAMURA 4/20/2006 7

Kendra. Base • The Kendra. Base is a semantic wiki / database with auto form generation for data input and queries. A simple content management system. Queries are distributed and agent-like. • Kendra. Base enables people to describe the world how they wish to, using their own language and terminology, and to have these descriptions understood by others that may not be able to directly understand the original author's language and terminology. Interchange of ideas uses standards that are personal and dynamic. This way "meaning" is defined by usage (bottom up) rather than the dictate (top down) approach usually associated with standards. 4/20/2006 8

Makna • Makna stands for "knowledge" in bahasa indonesia ("indonesian"). Combines the simplicity of the Wiki. Way with the power of the semantic web while keeping advantages from both technologies. Provide an easy and user-friendly user interface and powerful technologies in the background. The engine supports RDFS and OWL ontologies and the reasoner can be chosen as well. Assistants for searching predicates and pages (on the Edit-Page), as well as formulating statements and queries "with the mouse only. " 4/20/2006 9

Onto. Wiki • Wiki technology used as an ontology development environment, reducing entry barriers for users participating in the creation and maintenance of ntologies, and describe our first Onto. Wiki prototype. • Wikis as an ontology engineering workbench, in the sense that anybody can add a new element to the ontology, and refine or modify existing ones. Use of multimedia elements to improve the richness and disambiguity of informal concept definitions in an ontology. Definition of a concept is not separated from the discussion that lead to shaping the intension of this concept. 4/20/2006 10

Open. Record • Wiki engine geared toward loosely-structured database content. Web-based collaborative database tool. Open. Record could grow to incorporate simple spreadsheet features, as well as interactive charting and graphing features, and OLAP and pivot table features. The Open. Record design is inspired by wiki software and sites like Wikipedia, as well as CMSs like Zope/Plone and e. Z publish. The Open. Record design also draws on ideas from outliners like Lotus Agenda and Omni. Outliner, spreadsheets like Lotus Improv, and newer work like Chandler and RDF. 4/20/2006 11

Platypus. Wiki • Simple user interface to create wiki pages with metadata based on W 3 C standards. It uses RDF (Resource Description Framework), RDF Schema and OWL (Web Ontology Language) to create ontologies and manage metadata. • Platypus Wiki can be used as a Personal Knowledge Management system, or to manage a Community of Practice. We hope to make Platypus Wiki into an amazingly useful tool for a Semantic Wiki Web community. We'll set up a running installation as soon as possible to discuss the Semantic Wiki Web and these ideas. 4/20/2006 12

p. OWL • Web based platform for collaborative Semantic Web development. A framework for parsing, storing, querying, manipulating, serving and serializing OWL knowledge bases in a collaborative web enabled environment for the most distributed web application platform (LAMP – Linux / Apache / My. SQL / PHP) used as a foundation framework for semantic web applications 4/20/2006 13

Rhizome • • Rhizome is a Wiki-like content management and delivery system that exposes the entire site -- content, structure, and metadata as editable RDF. This means that instead of just creating a site with URLs that correspond to a page of HTML, with Rhizome you can create URLs that represent just about anything, such as: – structural components of content (such as a bullet point or a definition). – abstract entities that can be presented in different ways depending on the context. – relationships between entities or content, such as annotations or categories. Rhizome is designed to enable non-technical users to create these representations in an easy, ad-hoc manner. To this end, it includes a text formatting language which similar to a Wiki's but lets you author arbitrary XML content and RDF metadata. 4/20/2006 • • • And for developers, this allows both content and structure to be easily repurposed and complex web applications rapidly developed. The long-term vision is that each Rhizome site will intertwine together, forming an emergent fuzzy taxonomy over a peer-topeer network. The nearer-term goals of Rhizome are: – To allow (relatively) non-technical folk to create "Semantic web"-enabled web sites. – To provide a platform for the rapiddevelopment of web applications – To provide a test-bed for experimenting with new forms of collaborative knowledge production and communication – A showcase and test-bed for its underlying technologies: Rx 4 RDF, ZML, and 14

RISE • • • Wiki is the physical representation of the ontology with pages as concepts and links as relations. The ontology used by the community is edited via the Wiki itself. A set of naming conventions is used to determine automatically the actual ontology from the Wiki content. For example, document templates may start with “Doc. Type”. This naming convention allows a user to add new document templates just by creating a new document starting with Doc. Type (an alternative to this convention would be to use namespaces). Since those templates contain a reference to themselves, an instance of this template is automatically linked to the template. In addition, domain-ontology independent information like the document type or the date of creation is derived from the Wiki and included into the ontology. These conventions and automatic determination of metadata can be seen as an easily remindable, implicit meta-ontology. 4/20/2006 15

Semantic Wikipedia • Extension to be integrated in Wikipedia, that allows the typing of links between articles and the specification of typed data inside the articles in an easy-to-use manner. • Enabling even casual users to participate in the creation of an open semantic knowledge base, Wikipedia has the chance to become a resource of semantic statements, hitherto unknown regarding size, scope, openness, and internationalisation. These semantic enhancements bring to Wikipedia benefits of today's semantic technologies: more specific ways of searching and browsing. • Also, the RDF export, that gives direct access to the formalised knowledge, opens Wikipedia up to a wide range of external applications, that will be able to use it as a background knowledge base. In this paper, we present the design, implementation, and possible uses of this extension. 4/20/2006 16

Semantic Media. Wiki • Extensions of the Media. Wiki software that allow for simple, machine-based processing of Wiki content. • Objective is a single solution for semantic annotation that fits the needs of most Wikimedia projects and still meets the Wiki-specific requirements of usability and performance. • While ad hoc implementations (i. e. "hacks") may solve single problems, agreeing on common editing syntax, underlying technology, exchange formats, etc. bears huge advantages for all participants. 4/20/2006 17

Sem. Per. Wiki • Open-source semantic personal Wiki for Gnome. Usability of personal Wikis with the improved retrieval and querying of semantic Wikis. • Personal Wikis are simple applications that allow you to collect your information in a set of related notes. The system helps you to write your thoughts down instantly, as it is always available and easy to use. • Semantic Wikis consist of pages that can be annotated with semantic information. The system can then help you find and retrieve relevant information better (because it understands a bit better what each page is about). 4/20/2006 18

Sem. Wiki • Personal knowledge management (finding, reminding, collaboration, knowledge re-use and cognitively adequate interfaces) based on a restful, wiki-based, open architecture for semantic personal knowledge management. • Fulfills the analyzed re- quirements to a high extent and gives the user a uniform way to work with knowledge on all layers (syntax, structure, formal semantics). We discuss architectural considerations and describe two implementations. 4/20/2006 19

Sweet. Wiki • Semantic wiki based on the CORESE engine. The project started in september 2005, so we do not have much to show yet. We support only wysiwyg edition of pages and annotations, and use CORESE engine for all operations : navigation, search, etc. . . the wiki itself is really written around CORESE and RDF stuff, it is not a "regular wiki" with some support for annotations. More on sweetwiki later as the project is really in active development. 4/20/2006 20

Wiki. Ont • Wiki. Ont aims at integrating Wikipedia (and by extension other Media. Wiki-based sites) into the Semantic Web framework and making Wikipedia machine-processable and understandable. 4/20/2006 21

Wiki. Sar • Common wiki applications lack possibilities to structure the relationships between wiki pages. This semantic wiki prototype named SHAWN allows modeling concepts and their relationships within a wiki environment. • Goal is to keep concept creation very simple. Yet, entering relationship data instantaneously gratifies the user with enhanced navigational means on the wiki. • Engine supports simple semantic queries upon the emergent model. A challenge is to accommodate a self-explaining query interface for these ontologies. 4/20/2006 22