Second Annual Report Hearing Meeting Brussels, March 7, 2006 Design and Engineering of the Next Generation Internet Towards convergent multi-service networks
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 2 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
General Information, Main Targets ü ü 3 From “European Commission guide on the provisions for implementing networks of excellence” Networks of excellence are designed to strengthen scientific and technological excellence on a particular research topic ð by integrating at European level the critical mass of resources and expertise needed to provide European leadership and to be a world force in that topic. ð creating a progressive and durable integration while at the same time advancing knowledge on the topic.
General Information, Main Targets ü ü 4 Networks of excellence ð are an instrument designed primarily to overcome the fragmentation of European research ð where the main deliverable consists of a durable structuring and shaping of the way that research in Europe is carried out on particular research topic. Each network will also be given a mission to spread excellence beyond the boundaries of its partnership. Training will be an essential component of this mission.
General Information, Main Targets ü 5 Euro-NGI main target ð Create and maintain the most prominent European centre of excellence in Next Generation Internet design and engineering, ð Act as a source of collective intelligence (or “think tank”) for the European Information Society industry and thus contribute to establishing European leadership in this domain.
General Information ü ü ü 6 59 institutions, 202 researchers, more than 300 Ph. D students, 18 countries ð Academy and industry European Commission Contribution: 5 000 Euros (15% of the total budget) ð For the first 3 years Starting Date: December 1 st, 2003
Consortium ü 51 Research Centres/Universities ü 4 Telecom Operators ð France Telecom, Deutsche Telekom, Telefónica and Telenor ü 1 major Manufacturer ð Alcatel ü 1 Institution with an important experience in technology transfer ð Coritel, partnership between Ericsson Lab Italy and three Universities ü 1 SMEs involved with the take-up of new technologies ð Infosim ü 1 Support on financial and contractual issues ð CDC 7
Domain: Next Generation Internet (NGI) ü What is NGI? ð The Next Generation Internet (NGI) will offer multi-service and multimedia, global mobility (“always best connected”), services converge, services ubiquity and context awareness, as well as self organization and autonomous networking as the norm. ü From technology to network architectures and services ð Euro-NGI studies the innovative network architectures through which the full potential of recent technological advances can be exploited to create new and valuable communications services 8
Main addressed topics ü In this context, the main topics addressed by the No. E are: ð Overcoming the challenge of technology diversity (vertical and horizontal integration) in the design of efficient and flexible NGI architectures. ð Providing innovative traffic engineering and network dimensioning approaches adapted to the new requirements and developing the appropriate quantitative methods for analysis, simulation and measurement. 9
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 10 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
Organization Evolution 11
Prospective Cell ü ü ü ü ü 12 Francois Baccelli, New quantitative methods and modern Information Theory Augusto Casaca, Wireless Networks Protocols and Architectures Vicente Casares, Mobility, Always Best Connected Costas Courcoubetis, Pricing Emmanuel Dotaro, Future equipment architectures Markus Fiedler, Socio-Economic aspects Klaus Hackbart, Regulation Terje Jensen, Telecom operators network architectures and planning Mikael Johansson, Wireless networks Daniel Kofman, Future network architectures Gabriele Kotsis, Distributed Systems Paul Kuehn, Optical networking Hermann De Meer, Self-organizing systems James Roberts, Traffic Engineering, Traffic and congestion control Michal Pioro, Network optimization Roberto Sabella, Future core area networks Phuoc Trand Gia, Services architectures evolution, P 2 P and services overlays
Advisory Board ü ü ü ü 13 Dr. Werner Bux Prof. Erol Gelenbe Dr. Yuri Gittik Prof. Roch Guérin Dr. Luoning Gui Dr. Peter Key Prof. G. S. Kuo Dr. Karl-Heinz Neumann Prof. Achille Pattavina, Prof. Jennifer Rexford Prof. Catherine Rosenberg, Dr. Heinrich Stüttgen IBM Research Gmb. H Imperial College London RAD Data Communications University of Pennsylvania Alcatel Shanghai Bell Microsoft Research, Cambridge BUPT WIK-Consult Gmb. H Politecnico di Milano Princeton University of Waterloo NEC Europe Ltd. Web page : http: //eurongi. enst. fr/p_en_menu 1_Commitees_advisory_304. html
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 14 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
Evaluation Y 1 - Recommendations ü Take remedial solutions towards underperforming partners ü Foster synergy with other EU IST projects, initiatives and ü ü ü 15 programs Re-evaluate JRA topics in terms of their relevance D. JRA. 3. 1 must be rewritten and resubmitted. Add state of the art beyond IPv 6 and network architectures Provide assessment of contributions to standards organizations Make the public project results publicly available within one month Provide a vision of future Internet architectures
Evaluation Y 1 - Recommendations ü D. JRA. 3. 1 must be rewritten and resubmitted. Add state of the art beyond IPv 6 and network architectures ð Done ü Provide assessment of contributions to standards organizations ð Dimitri Papadimitriou, Alcatel, in charge of coordinating the contributions to standards organizations ü Make the public project results publicly available within one month ð Done ü Provide a vision of future Internet architectures ð Prospective cell and collaboration with the Advisory Board 16
Evaluation Y 1 - Recommendations ü Take remedial solutions towards underperforming partners ð Rules on usage of (and contribution to) the integration tools ð First step, budget distribution delay, second step budget 17 distribution reduction ü Foster synergy with other EU IST projects, initiatives and programs ð Eugen Borcoci and Vilius Benetis in charge of coordination ð Euro-NGI presentation in the next concertation meeting on the “Digital Divide” ð Technical collaboration with the MOME project ð Link with IST-EC, common event ð Link with Bread, contribution to B 4 All conference and other ü Re-evaluate JRA topics in terms of their relevance ð Done, new activities on self organization and on wireless sensor networks.
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 18 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
Main Integration Objective P 3 P 1 P 1 P 3 Integration Activities Binding P 2 P 4 Before Euro-NGI P 2 P 4 Coordination Px = Partner x 19 P 2 P 4 No. E Target
Integration Activities Objectives ü Situation before and after the first two years of the integration 20 process (as presented to the European Commission during the negotiation of the contract): ð Establishment of a Knowledge Roadmap ð Interconnection and sharing of platforms/tools/facilities and coordination of software development ð Building collective intelligence through Advanced Communication Tools ð Collaboration with cognitive and social behaviour experts for the implementation and evaluation of the collective intelligence ð Increase of the mobility for researchers and Ph. D students ð Creation of European graduated courses program for Ph. D students and of Summer Schools ð Organization of internal workshops for exchanging knowledge and coordinating jointly executed activities
Plenary Meetings ü Kick-off – December 8 to December 11, 2003, 102 participants ð The organization of the network is efficient ð The governance has been proven • A challenge given the size of the network • Clear responsibility and contact persons ü 1 st plenary, February 16 to February 19, 2004 ü 2 nd plenary, February 28 to March 2, 2005 ü 3 rd plenary, February 20 to February 22, 2006 ð Plenary, per WP meetings, cross fertilization meetings ü 1 st General Assembly, April 21, 2005 ð All the treated points have been approved by unanimity (but one that had 1 vote against). 21
IA. 1 Knowledge Roadmap ü Objective ð to provide and maintain a knowledge map of issues related to the architecture, design and engineering of the NGI, and to map the efforts of the Euro-NGI partners on this global map. ü This shall ð Make possible the identification of the strengths and weaknesses of European research. ð Facilitate the coordination and orientation of future research efforts in order to provide coverage of strategic networking issues. ð Represent a main dissemination tool of Euro-NGI expertise, when part of the knowledge map is made public. ü From a user point of view: web access to an “organic hypertext” ð hypertext because its structure is no linear as a book, but relies on links between different parts ð organic because it grows and evolves. 22
IA. 1 Achievements ü Y 1 Specification of the functions of the knowledge roadmap tool for ð dynamic and collaborative edition of the knowledge map ð its presentation as an organic hypertext. ü Y 1 A first version of the tool had been shipped to some beta testers. ü Y 2 Second and third versions shipped, adapted to user requirements ð More than 200 documents uploaded ð A specific session during the last plenary meeting was organized to explain the tool and motivate the editing effort • Very positive feedback on the new version 23
IA. 2 Sharing Methods, Tools and Platform Developments ü Various Euro-NGI labs had deployed platforms and developed tools for internal usage. ü These platforms and tools are a key support for the research activities. ü The target here is ð to make the existing platforms and tools available for all partners ð to interconnect the platforms ð to allow new experimentation ð to provide THE software for new networking architectures emulation of the Euro-NGI VCE 24
IA. 2 Achievements ü See the presentation of Rui valadas 25
IA. 3 Building collective intelligence Advanced Communication Tools ü Support for the organization and management (excluding financial issues) of the network, activities and workpackages ð Follow up of JPA and deliverables ü Integrated Knowledge Management: distribution and location of information (integrated with IA. 1) ð Various documents produced by the network ð Access to lecture material, on-line course, etc. ü Deployment and support of group collaboration tools ð to accelerate the dissemination of knowledge ð To increase the productivity of jointly executed activities 26
IA. 3 Achievements ü The Intranet and a collaborative tool (virtual lab) have been enhanced and integrated. ü They significantly facilitated the collaboration between researchers for ð establishing the organization of the network and ð preparing the various workshops, deliverables, reports, etc. of the present reporting period. ð The researchers use the tools for common research within the various work packages ü Integration of the tools ð The Intranet contains the final version of the documents produced by the network, the global agenda, Contacts, Forums, mailing lists, templates, … ð The Virtual allows for dynamically creation by the users of workspaces with several applications for collaborative work. • There is an agenda, forum, fileshare, etc. per workspace. • Automatic online forms creation and processing • When produced work is in final version, it can be uploaded in the Intranet automatically. ü Benchmark of videoconferencing tools 27
IA. 4 Evaluation of the process of building collective intelligence ü Collaboration with cognitive and social behaviour experts for the implementation and evaluation of collective intelligence ü The goal is to improve distant collaboration ü Activity: Test and adapt the tools and methods to smooth communication amongst the researchers and to increase the collective intelligence of the network. ð Evaluate the patterns of cooperation between the researchers ð Evaluate the patterns of use of the collaboration tools ð Elaborate and test a battery of “collective intelligence indicators”, by coverage of dissemination of expertise and cross-fertilization in the network. ü Ongoing work ð Measurements have been done and analyzed, they show a rapid growth of the usage of the tools ð Fist recommendations have been received, for example concerning the knowledge roadmap 28
IA. 5 Facilitating the mobility of researchers and Ph. D students ü Objectives: ð Facilitate the execution of the JPA (common research, writing of papers/books, etc. ) ð Rationalize the research efforts and the usage of tools and platforms ð Broader the scientific education of researchers and Ph. D students ð Allow students to acquire a more in-depth knowledge of his own research subject ð To promote the co-advisoring of Ph. D students ü Mobility is considered by the partners as the main vector of integration ü The budget is a limitation, Euro-NGI cannot finance all the visits members would like to have. 29
Other Integration Activities ü IA. 6 - Creation of a European graduated courses program for Ph. D students ü IA. 7 - Creation of an annual Summer School ü IA. 8 Four Internal Workshops ü All of them extremely successful ð See Roberto Sabella presentation 30
State of the art of IA deliverables ü 35 deliverables were expected for the reporting period ð 32 of them have been provided, ð 3 are delayed ð They concerned the knowledge map outcomes. ð The decision of implementing the knowledge roadmap tool has delayed the work ð There are no structural problems, the deliverables will be provided in the coming reporting period. 31
Conclusion on IAs ü The integration process progressed as planned. ü There is a good cross-knowledge of the competences and resources ü ü 32 of the network. ð As reflected for example by the Specific Research Projects The tools for collaborative work, knowledge management and sharing resources are being used. The organization and tools allowed for an important volume of information - structured in Joint Research deliverables and reports - being created in a collaborative approach for researchers that didn’t work together before. The various organized events were very successful with participation of researchers from different fields. ð They generated new research ideas that materialize on the preparation of new specific research projects A poll of the benefits of having created the network has clearly show the interest of the members in the integration process
Example of Feedback ü Euro-NGI is really running well : ) It's like a Jumbo Jet -- it takes a while and a lot of effort to make it take off, but when it flies, it flies. ü Dr Markus Fiedler, 24/02/2006, Chairman of JRA. 6 « Socio Economic Aspects » 33
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 34 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
Spreading of the Excellence Activities ü SE. 1 Electronic dissemination - Euro-NGI web site and group communication ð Significantly extended (contact center, tutorials, etc. ) ü SE. 2 Database of Euro-NGI publications in international and European journals and conference proceedings ð Almost 1500 entries and a tool to evaluate the impact of Euro-NGI ü SE. 3 Publications of books and white papers providing and integrated view of complementary domains ð A books published, 2 books in preparation, 1 special issue of Questa ð Springer and Wiley ü SE. 4 Tutorials ð 48 proposed tutorials, see web site 35
Spreading of the Excellence Activities ü SE. 5 2 nd Summer School ð see Roberto Sabella presentation ü SE. 6 International and European conferences ð NGI 2005 ð Open Workshop on rare events in communications networks ð see Roberto Sabella presentation ü SE. 7 Synergic collaboration with external organizations and industry ð See next slides ü SE. 8 Joint training and curriculum development between university members of the consortium ð Strong program of Ph. D courses being taught ü SE. 9 Support of Spin-Off Projects from the Euro-NGI No. E ð Delay 36
Examples of established contacts ü Establishment of collaboration with other European projects, as ü ü 37 detailed before GENI, contact with Jennifer Rexford, member of the Advisory Board of Euro-NGI Chinese institutions ð BUPT-Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications. ð SIMIT-CAS (Chinese Academy of Science). Creat. Net. We had two meetings with Prof. Inrich Chlamtac, President of Creat. Net. It has been agreed to jointly organize an event in 2006. Planet. Lab, some partners are members of planetlab. Contact with Christophe Diot, Intel.
Examples of established contacts ü Broadband convergence Network (Bc. N) Engineering Research Center ð founded in Information and Communications University (ICU), Korea. ð to support Ministry of Information and Communication (MIC) and industry for improving policy, regulation and for developing new technologies for Bc. N ü Simula Research Lab ð Founded by the Norvegian gouverment ð Simula seeks cooperation with industry in order to provide solutions, increase the relevance of the research, and in order to strengthen the funding of basic research. ü Members of the Advisory Board from NEC, Microsoft, IBM, RAD, Alcatel Shangai Bell 38
Examples of established contacts ü SIGCOMM/ACM. Contact has been established with Jennifer Rexford, Chairman of the conference. ð Member of the Advisory Board ð Ph. D students scholarships to attend the conference ü Prof. Ellen Zegura, Editor-in-Chief of IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, gave a tutorial at the Euro-NGI main conference ü Dr Peter Key, Microsoft Research, gave a tutorial at the Euro-NGI main conference and participate to the Advisory Board ü Alcatel Shangai Bell. Euro-NGI was presented to the CTO and to the VP R&D who accepted to participate to the Advisory Board of Euro-NGI 39
Industrial club ü A Power Point presentation of the network, targeted for presenting the No. E to the industry, has been prepared. ü During the first semester of 2006 each partner has the commitment ð to give the presentation to at least one of his industrial partners ð to provide a feedback on the meeting and especially on the willingness of the contact to participate to the Industrial Club. ü The network has been presented to some companies and during events ð Positive feedback ü Communication on the web site ð Contact centre and slide show 40
Very strong relationship with industry ü ü ü ü ü ü 41 Alcatel Cisco Ericsson HP IBM-NY Intel Italtel Juniper Lucent Marconi Microsoft Research Motorola NEC Europe Nokia Philips Quallcomm RAD Communications Siemens Solinet ST Microelectronics Teletel Thales ü ü Thomson 4 Plus Technologies ü ü ü ü ü Algonet AT&T, AT&T Labs Bouygues Telecom British Telecom Deutsche Telecom France Telecom Netway OTE Portugal Telecom Sonera Sprint Telefonica Telenor Telia TNO telecom Vodafone Through YRP: NTT Do. Co. Mo, KDDI, etc.
Feedback from an SME: Infosim ü For us as a SME our research and development is dependent on participations of projects like Euro-NGI. ü Here we get the international contacts and the input for possible new product developments. ü Without the support of the European Community it would not be possible for us to be one step in front of the crowd. But this step is essential for our survivability in the market. ü We start extending our measurement software with ideas we got from university partners which are part of Euro-NGI. 42
Conclusion on SEAs ü Most of the Spreading of the Excellence Activities of Euro-NGI are progressing as expected. ü 19 deliverables were expected for the period, 14 have been provided and 5 have been delayed. ü The delayed deliverables will be provided during Y 3. 43
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 44 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
IA. 8 WORKSHOPS ü The workshops planned for the reporting period have been successfully organized. ð WP. IA. 8. 1 New trends in Modelling, Quantitative Methods and Measurements ð WP. IA. 8. 2 New trends in Networking Architecture and Services ð WP. IA. 8. 3 Wireless and mobility in NGI ð WP. IA. 8. 4 Traffic Engineering, Protection and Restoration for NGI ü They had a very positive impact on the integration process as indicated on the corresponding reports and evaluations (see the corresponding deliverables). 45
NEW TRENDS IN MODELLING, METHODS, AND MEASUREMENTS ü Main topics ð IP Traffic characterization, measurements and statistical methods ð Dynamics of networks under new traffic paradigms ð Spatial network modelling ð Network optimization and control ð Numerical simulation and alaytical methodologies ü Number of participants ð 31 EURO NGI members, no external ü Proceedings & publications ð Proceedings available on EURO NGI web site 46
NEW TRENDS IN NETWORK ARCHITECTURES AND SERVICES ü Main topics ð Horizontal/Vertical integration of fixed and mobile networks ð Core network evolution ð IP Networking evolution ð New services: infrastructure and management ð New trends in network management ü Number of participants ð 31 EURO NGI members, no external ü Proceedings & publications ð Extended abstracts of the presented papers available on the web ð Full version of best papers published in Springer Lecture Nots in Computer Science (Feb 2006) 47
WIRELESS AND MOBILITY IN NGI ü Main topics ð Mobile networks ð Wireless LAN ð Ad-hoc networks ð Mobile Internet ð Mobile applications ü Number of participants ð 41 EURO NGI members, no external ü Proceedings & publications ð Extended abstracts of the presented papers available on the web ð Full version of best papers published in Springer Lecture Nots in Computer Science 48
TRAFFIC ENGINEERING, PROTECTION AND RESTORATION FOR NGI ü Main topics ð Routing strategies and related methods and algorithms, applied in different network scenarios ð Protection and restoration mechanisms and techniques and related methods and algorithms ð Traffic engineering, pre-emption mechanisms ð Multi-layer optimization ð Traffic matrix estimation ü Number of participants ð 22 EURO NGI members, no external ü Proceedings & publications ð Proceedings available on the EURO NGI web site 49
IA. 6 GRADUATED COURSES PROGRAM FOR Ph. D STUDENTS ü Objective: Design and Implement a common program of post- graduate courses. ð The education of researchers in the NGI domain is ð a key issue for the durability of expertise in the domain ð an important element of the integration process. Young researchers quickly acquire a strong network of contacts and a global view of European activities. ð Most partners organize Ph. D. courses in the areas of their research interests or have even complete Ph. D. programs. ð By integrating them, Euro-NGI will make it easier for Ph. D. students and their advisers to compose well-balanced, international, high-level programs tailored to the needs of each individual Ph. D. student. 50
IA. 6 GRADUATED COURSES PROGRAM FOR Ph. D STUDENTS ü Achievements The Network has implemented a well structured common program of post-graduate courses (18 courses). ð The common program will increase the productivity of the researchers since they will no longer need to duplicate the same courses and will naturally promote the co-advisoring of Ph. D students. ð The topics of the courses are directly related with the JRAs. The outcomes of the JRA will be included in the courses in a structured way. ð 3 courses have been taught in 2005, 2 courses have been taught in 2006 and 11 courses are scheduled in 2006 ð 51
Ph. D COURSES ü Three Ph. D course provided in 2005: ð Rare event simulation methods for stochastic models of computer and communication systems ð Main trends in service architecture ð Multi-commodity flow networks – modelling and optimization 52
RARE EVENTS SIMULATION… ü Scientific content ð Rare events, importance sampling for Markovian models, adaptive importance sampling, introduction to RESTART ü Number of participants ð 7 from EURO NGI, 5 external 53
MAIN TRENDS IN SERVICE ARCHITECTURES ü Scientific content ð Overview of P 2 p services and related components, structures and algorithms ð Technical features of p 2 p services ð Unstructured p 2 p networks ð p 2 p infrastructures ð Analysis of p 2 p services ð Performance and traffic management ü Number of participants ð 9 from EURO NGI, 1 external 54
MULTI-COMMODITY FLOW NETWORKS – MOD. & OPTIM. ü Scientific content ð Modelling and optimization ð Theoretical and practical aspects of multi-commodity flow networks ü Number of participants ð 17 from EURO NGI, 2 external 55
IA. 7 CREATION OF AN ANNUAL SUMMER SCHOOL ü Objective: to establish a further scientific qualification for Ph. D. and research students at the highest European level ð to promote the joint research of young European scientists ð to provide up-to-date material for further advanced education in Europe ð Spread the excellence outside the network since it is open to non members. ð External experts (from industry and North American, Chinese and Japanese universities, for example) invited to present tutorials to provide an external and complementary view of the domain. ð 56
IA. 7 CREATION OF AN ANNUAL SUMMER SCHOOL ü Achievements ð The second Summer School has been organized on the topic of “Network architectures” ð Important success with 67 participants (students and lecturers) of 14 countries and a very fruitful exchange 57
2 nd EURO NGI SUMMER SCHOOL ü Scientific content New trends on optical access networks: MAC mechanisms and management of resources ð Open service architectures ð Congestion control – how to cope with traffic jams on the Internet ð Common control planes for new generation multilayer networks ð 58 Internet Quality of Service ð Network management ð P 2 P ð Wireless sensor networks ð Mobile ad-hoc networks ð Security aspects of the ETSI TISPAN next generation network ð Future key wireless technologies ð
2 nd EURO NGI SUMMER SCHOOL: NUMBERS AND PARTICIPANTS ü EURO NGI members ð 12 Lecturers and senior members ð 6 Local organizers ð 40 Participating students ü External participants ð 5 Lecturers ð 4 Participating students ü Total number of participants ð 67 People 59
WORKING CONFERENCE HET-NET ‘ 05 ü Chairman ð Demetres Kouvatsos, Univ. Of Bradford, UK ü Scope ð Performance modelling and evaluation of heterogeneous networks ü Main Technical/Scientific topics ð Traffic measurements, modelling, characterization, management and engineering ð Performance modelling, quantitative analysis ð Modelling & analysis of heterogeneous networks ð Design/dimensioning of next generation Internet 60
WORKING CONFERENCE HET-NET ‘ 05 ü Number of papers ð 66 technical papers plus 10 tutorials ü Number of participants ð About 100 participants ü Proceedings ð Published in: • Technical proceedings, HET-NET ’ 05, D. Kouvatsos (Editor), Networks UK Publisher, ISBN 0 -9550624 -0 -3, 2005 • Tutorial proceedings, HET-NET ’ 05, D. Kouvatsos (Editor), Networks UK Publisher, ISBN 0 -9550624 -2 -X, 2005 61
SEA 6. 2 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE NGI 2005 ü Objective: provide an international forum for the presentation of high quality, peer-reviewed papers relating to the modeling, design and engineering of next generation Internet networks NGI networks will have to cope with challenging requirements: support multiple wired and wireless access technologies, provide different types of services, with a range of Quality-of-Service (Qo. S) levels, ensure various classes of resilience and robustness against network failures. ð The first edition had a particular focus on traffic engineering (TE). Actually, TE aims at facilitating efficient and reliable network operations, optimizing network resource utilization and traffic performance. ð Furthermore, TE has to make the network reactive with respect to changes in the traffic loads, or to changes in the network itself due to topology variation, failure and so forth. ð 62
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE NGI ‘ 05 ü Chairman ð Roberto Sabella, Ericsson - Co. Ri. Te. L, Italy ü Scope ð It is the main event of EURO NGI open to worldwide community, relating to Next Generation Internet, with a special focus on Traffic Engineering ü Supporting institutions ð IEEE Communications Society is the main supporter ð IFIP – TC 6 is the co-supporter ü Proceedings ð The proceedings have been published by IEEE in CD ð The papers are also accessible through IEEEXplore digital library 63
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE NGI ‘ 05 ü Conference program 9 oral and 2 poster sessions. Technical sessions: ð Qo. S routing, optical networks, queuing management, congestion & admission control, MPLS networks, traffic management & security, traffic models and characterization, wireless networks, IP network evolution ü Local organization ð The conference was guested by the Italian Ministry of Communications. ð The Italian Minister of Communications, member of the Italian Government, gave the welcome speech to all the participants 64
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE NGI ‘ 05 ü Paper selection and quality ð Each paper was reviewed by at least 3 referees ð Out of 130 submitted papers, 62 papers were accepted: 34 for oral and 28 for poster presentation ü Invited talks ð 3 invited talks were given by reputed experts outside the EURO NGI community ü Papers from the EURO NGI community ð One half were originated within EURO NGI network ü Number of participants ð More than 150 registered participants plus 50 people from the Italian Ministry of Communications 65
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü ü 66 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Examples of consortium excellence Summary and Conclusion
General organization ü Organization in Activities and Workpackages to integrate and rationalize ongoing research efforts ð Research effort not financed by the Euro-NGI budget ü Specific research projects ð for improving European knowledge in targeted topics considered of main importance ð significant innovation potential ð not sufficiently covered at present ð sharply focused and designed to gain new knowledge and explore the need for more research effort, anticipating scientific and technological needs 67
JRA Achievements 6 research domains 25 workpackages 68
JRA. 1 Network architecture ü 1. 1 Horizontal and vertical integration ü 1. 2 Core network evolution ü 1. 3 IP networking evolution ü 1. 4 New services ü 1. 5 Network management 69
Zoom on JRA. 1. 4 – New services ü leader K. Tutschku (U. Würzburg), 6 partners ü main focus: ð overlays, P 2 P, CDN, Vo. IP, M 2 M, GRID, . . . ü 3 deliverables in 2005: ð State of the art ð Qo. S management of overlays (6 papers) ð Applicability of overlays to Qo. S/mobility/security management (11 papers) ü cooperation: ð meeting at Barcelona plenary ð SJRP – (2005) Auto. Mon, (2006) Redlarf 70
JRA. 2 – Traffic control and Qo. S ü 2. 1 Congestion control ü 2. 2 Traffic management ü 2. 3 Traffic Engineering ü 2. 4 Wireless Qo. S 71
Zoom on JRA. 2. 4 – Wireless Qo. S ü leader A. Proutière (FT), 11 partners ü main focus (wide scope): ð admission control, handover, wlan, mesh, umts, ad hoc, vehicular nets, pricing, . . . ü 1 deliverable in 2005 ð partner activity reports, list of 96 papers ü cooperation ð visits, joint papers ð joint meeting with JRA. 2. 1, JRA. 5. 4 ð SJRP: (2005) ACT-ABC, Cellular, RAW-Qo. S, V-NET (2006) Cellular, VNET, CITWIN 72
JRA. 3 – Network optimization ü 3. 1 Optimization of core networks ü 3. 2 Optimisation of access networks ü 3. 3 Network resilience ü 3. 4 Design tool development 73
Zoom on JRA. 3. 1 – Optimization of core networks ü leader M. Pioro (Warsaw U. T. ), 10 partners ü main focus: ð methods, algorithms & prototypes, maily for optimizing MPLS/GMPLS networks ü 4 deliverables in 2005 ð problems and models ð selected algorithms ð papers by partners ð prototypes ü cooperation ð visits, joint papers ð joint meetings with JRA. 2. 3, JRA. 3. *, JRA. 4. 2 ð STREP proposal, SJRP: (2005) NGI Design, NGI-TE (2006) Adv. IPOpt, STEP 74
JRA. 4 – Experimentation and Validation Through Platforms ü 4. 1 Integration of platforms ü 4. 2 Test-Beds for Traffic Engineering ü 4. 3 Measurement Platforms ü 4. 4 Ultra gigabit/s trials 75
Zoom on JRA 4. 3 – Measurement Platforms ü leader R. Valadas (IT Portugal), 4 partners ü main focus: ð research network on measurement, tool development, trace data base ü 1 deliverable in 2005 ð report on research, tools and traces ü cooperation ð collaboration with MOME (IST project) ð cooperation with JRA. 5. 1 ð SJRP: (2005) IPAM 76
JRA. 5 – Modelling, Quantitative Methods and Measurements ü 5. 1 IP traffic characterization ü 5. 2 New traffic models ü 5. 3 Spatial modelling ü 5. 4 Network optimization and control ü 5. 5 Simulation and analytic methodologies 77
Zoom on JRA. 5. 1 – IP traffic characterization ü leader U. Kreiger (U. Bamberg), 10 partners ü main focus: ð traffic characterization, measurements and statistical methods ü 2 deliverables in 2005 ð objectives and research issues ð developed methods, techniques and tools ü cooperation ð joint Ph. D tutoring, visits, MOME ð joint meetings with JRA. 4. 3 (Aveiro) ð SJRP: (2006) Web. TC, CITWIN 78
JRA. 6 – Socio-Economic Aspects of the Next Generation Internet ü 6. 1 User-perceived Qo. S ü 6. 2 Payment and cost models ü 6. 3 Advanced Security Concepts 79
Zoom on JRA. 6. 1 – User-perceived Qo. S ü leader M. Fiedler (Blekinge I. T. ), 10 partners ü main focus ð from network performance to user perception, monitoring, auction mechanisms ü 3 deliverables in 2005 ð state of the art ð contributions by partners ð work on feedback mechanisms ü cooperation ð joint work with 6. 1. 2 (pricing) ð SJRP (2005) Auto. Mon (with JRA. 1. 4) ð STREP proposal Grid 4 TV 80
General organization ü Organization in Activities and Workpackages to integrate and rationalize ongoing research efforts ð Research effort not financed by the Euro-NGI budget ü Specific research projects ð for improving European knowledge in targeted topics considered of main importance ð significant innovation potential ð not sufficiently covered at present ð sharply focused and designed to gain new knowledge and explore the need for more research effort, anticipating scientific and technological needs 81
Specific Joint Research Projects 2005, Statistics I ü Total budget for SJRPs is 900 k. Euro: ð 450 k. Euro in 2005 ð 450 k. Euro in 2006. ü Proposals in 2005: ð 23 proposals submitted ð 13 proposals accepted. ü Individual budgets: ð 8 proposals were assigned the maximum budget of 45 k. Euro ð budget assigned to the remaining proposals varied between 8 and 25 k. Euro. 82
Specific Joint Research Projects 2005, Statistics II ü The scientific areas of the approved SJRP are as follows: ð Wireless and Mobility (3 projects) ð Qo. S Control (3 projects) ð Network Design (3 projects) ð Traffic Measurement and Estimation (2 projects) ð Queueing Systems (1 project) ð Pricing Mechanisms (1 project). 83
SJRP 2005, Wireless and Mobility I ü A Contribution to the ABC Solution (JRA. 1) ð University of Antwerp (BE), University of Bradford (GB), University of Passau (DE), University of Valencia (ES). ð Budget: 20 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to contribute to the vertical integration of heterogeneous networks by proposing new location management and hand-off management algorithms. ð Results: (i) proposal of open queueing network models for the analysis of novel hand off channel assignment schemes for 4 G cellular network with bursty multimedia flows; (ii) comparative study of mobility schemes to reduce the overall location management cost; (iii) 6 published papers. 84
SJRP 2005, Wireless and Mobility II ü Cross Layer Design and Qo. S in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (JRA. 1) ð Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (NL), France Telecom R&D (FR), GET/INT (FR), Helsinki University of Technology (SF), INRIA (FR), Royal Institute of Technology (SE). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to seek for a global understanding and optimization of wireless network design by identifying and analysing the cross-layer interactions at all levels. ð Results: (i) interaction between scheduling and TCP performance; (ii) optimization of TCP for a given radio channel; (iii) applications of the concept of balanced fairness; (iv) 12 published papers. ð Project to be continued in 2006. 85
SJRP 2005, Wireless and Mobility III ü Vehicular Networks (JRA. 1) ð Politecnico di Milano (IT), University of Antwerp (BE), Politecnico di Torino (IT). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to define effective MAC, Radio Resource Management and Routing solutions well suited for intervehicle communication and to consider effective crosslayer solutions. ð Results: (i) implementation and testing of the ADHOC MAC protocol; (ii) implementation in ns 2 of realistic mobility models; (iii) definition of a routing framework for road safety applications; (iv) 3 published papers. ð Project to be continued in 2006. 86
SJRP 2005, Qo. S Control I ü Design and Evaluation of Distributed, Self-Organized Qo. S Monitoring for Autonomous Network Operation (JRA. 1) ð Blekinge Institute of Technology (SE), Infosim (DE), University of Wurzburg (DE). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: evaluation of a self-organizing management overlay of Distributed Network Agents for distributed service surveillance. ð Results: (i) evaluation of generic end-to-end Qo. S metrics for distributed measurements; (ii) demonstration of the capability of the Network Utility Function to include user-perception and of the capability of the Throughput Utility Function to capture the impact of traffic variation and loss; (iii) 4 published papers. 87
SJRP 2005, Qo. S Control II ü Fair and Efficient Scheduling in Wired and Wireless Networks (JRA. 2) ð Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (NL), GET/ENST (FR), Eindhoven University of Technology (NL), INRIA (FR), Tel-Aviv University (IL). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to investigate fairness, delay and scheduling in a number of networking environments and to develop new metrics, models and tools for the performance evaluation of these systems. ð Results: (i) metrics and models developed for the performance evaluation of fair and efficient scheduling at application level and also in wireless LANs in the access network; (ii) formulation of fairness criteria in peer-to-peer network scheduling; (iii) 6 published papers. ð Project to be continued in 2006. 88
SJRP 2005, Qo. S Control III ü Reputation Aware Qo. S Control in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks (JRA. 2) ð Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (NL), CERTH (GR), EPFL (CH), INRIA (FR), VTT Finland (SF). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to propose novel reputation models for wireless ad-hoc networks and evaluate their performance. ð Results: (i) design of a suite of cross-layer power control algorithms that attain maximum possible data throughput; (ii) algorithms to minimize energy consumption in addition to fairness and throughput objectives; (iii) 10 published papers. 89
SJRP 2005, Network Design I ü Advanced Network Design Methods for Core NGI (JRA. 3) ð AGH Cracow (PL), Ericsson Italy (IT), Institute of Telecommunications (PT), Lund Institute of Technology (SE), University Roma 2 (IT), Warsaw University of Technology (PL). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to develop state-of-the-art mathematical optimization methods for difficult network design/optimization problems. ð Results: (i) algorithms and computer procedures for selected problems to be inserted into the Euro-NGI design tool; (ii) research report; ð (iii) 10 published papers. ð Project to be continued in 2006. 90
SJRP 2005 Network Design II ü Advanced Traffic Engineering Methods for Core NGI (JRA. 2) ð Ericsson Italy (IT), Lund Institute of Technology (SE), University Roma 2 (IT), Warsaw University of Technology (PL). ð Budget: 17 k. Euro. ð Objectives: developing integrated solutions for traffic engineering and resiliency in GMPLS based IP over DWDM networks. ð Results: (i) specification of an integrated solution; (ii) test-bed; (iii) 5 published papers. ð Project to be continued in 2006. 91
SJRP 2005, Network Design III ü Implementation of Novel Optimization and Control Methods for the Internet (JRA. 5) ð Eindhoven University of Technology (NL), University of Cambridge (GB), University Carlos III Madrid (ES), University of Haifa (IL). ð Budget: 8 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to identify Internet problems for application of a unified (strong) control methodology developed by the partners. ð Results: (i) a set of identified problems; (ii) computer procedures; (iii) 5 published papers ð Project to be continued in 2006. 92
SJRP 2005, Traffic Measurement and Estimation I ü Integration of Passive and Active Measurement Platforms (JRA. 4) ð Blekinge Institute of Technology (SE), GET (FR), Institute of Telecommunications (PT), Royal Institute of Technology (SE). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: development of the Euro-NGI Measurement Platform for traffic and performance measurements in the Internet. ð Results: (i) implementation of a platform prototype including passive and active measurement systems; (ii) a statistical tool; (iii)10 published papers. 93
SJRP 2005, Traffic Measurement and Estimation II ü Origin-Destination Demand Matrices: Estimation Techniques (JRA. 2) ð GET (FR), Helsinki University of Technology (SF), Royal Institute of Technology (SE), University Roma 2 (IT). ð Budget: 25 k. Euro. ð Objectives: to develop statistical models of end-to-end traffic in the Internet. ð Results: (i) a set of estimation approaches to be used for realistic performace analysis models; (iii) 8 published papers. 94
SJRP 2005 Queueing Systems ü Gaussian Toolbox for Storage Systems (JRA. 5) ð Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (NL), University of Pisa (IT), VTT Finland (SF). ð Budget: 45 k. Euro. ð Objectives: development of an analytical methodology for queueing sytems fed by Gaussian inputs. ð Results: (i) a toolbox in Mathematica equipped with a tutorial enabling the use of the developed advanced methodology; (ii) 3 published papers. 95
SJRP 2005, Pricing ü Pricing Mechanisms Based on Auctions for Qo. S and Resource Allocation (JRA. 6) ð Athens University (GR), INRIA (FR), University of Cantabria (ES), University Roma 2 (IT), University of Versailles (FR). ð Budget: 20 k. Euro. ð Objectives: study of pricing/auction models for inter- and intradomain capacity assignment in Tier 3 IP core networks including Qo. S aspects under different economical aspects as benefit maximization or overall welfare (an example is the wholesale capacity services for Tier 3 ISP’s). ð Results: (i) development of analytical methods and comparison of different auction mechanisms (showing that the popular “second price auctions” are questionable); (ii) research report; (iii) 4 published papers. 96
SJRP 2006, Statistics I ü Budget for SJRPs in 2006: ð 450 k. Euro. ü Proposals in 2006: ð 22 proposals submitted ð 13 proposals accepted ð 6 proposals are continuations of SJRPs from 2005. ü Individual budgets: ð 4 proposals were assigned the maximum budget of 45 k. Euro ð budget assigned to the remaining proposals varies between 22. 5 and 37 k. Euro. 97
SJRP 2006, Statistics II ü The scientific areas of the approved SJRP are as follows: ð Wireless and Mobility (5 projects) ð Qo. S Control (1 project) ð Network Design (5 projects) ð Queueing Systems (1 project) ð Networking (1 project). 98
State of the art of deliverables ü 48 Jointly Executed Research Activities deliverables were expected for the period. ü Among them, 44 were provided on time ü 4 are delayed, they will be provided during Y 3 ü All the reports on SJRP have been received on time ð Presentations have been given during the last plenary meeting 99
Conclusion on JRAs ü The Jointly Executed Research Activities have successfully progressed. ü New jointly executed research has developed between teams that didn't collaborate before 100
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 101 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
Network Platforms ü Covers IA. 2. 1 and IA. 2. 2 ð Closely related with JRA. 4. 1 -JRA. 4. 4 ü Main goals: ð Sharing and interconnecting platforms and software tools ð Integrate existing tools whenever possible and promote common developments (in relation with specific JRAs) ü Presentation ð Web Portal ð Integration of Linux based testbeds ð Euro. NGI Measurement Tool ð Collaboration with the MOME project 102
Web Portal 103
Integration of Linux based testbeds • Core: Coritel Testbed on which other contributions are being adapted (GET AGAVE and Uni. Pisa testbed) • Distributed MPLS-TE control plane Ø offline/dynamic LSPs setup/teardown requests Ø CBR/pre-emption/re-routing Ø failure recovery for paths (if required) Request Generator Ø RSVP: notifies Node Engine about signalling events and communicates to OSPF available bandwidth on links; Ø OSPF receives notifications of available bandwidth on links, updates the state of the links of the network flooding opaque-lsa, and notifies Node Engine when a link failure/restoration event occurs. Node Decision Engine CSPF RSVP-TE Thresholds Module SLA & Route Database Local link state updates Network topology OSPF-TE MPLS Edge router 104
The Euro. NGI Measurement Tool (1/3) ü EMP is a system for active and passive measurements Active measurements: J-OWAMP (developed by IT) and Saturne (developed by GET); ð Passive measurements: DPMI (developed by BTH); ð Advanced statistical analysis: Tstat (developed by TNG-Polito); ð Web front-end providing integrated access to these tools). ü Several improvements in J-OWAMP, Saturne, DPMI and Tstat were also carried out in Euro. NGI. ü Current version of EMP: http: //193. 136. 92. 121/emp. php. ü Developed as part of the IPAM Specific Joint Research Project ð 105
The Euro. NGI Measurement Tool (2/3) 106
The Euro. NGI Measurement Tool (3/3) Registration of J-OWAMP MPs in EMP Front-End. 107
Collaboration with the MOME project (1/2) ü Strong collaboration with the MOME project (http: //www. istü ü 108 mome. org/ ). Participated in the OWAMP Testing Event (http: //www. istmome. org/events/interop/owamp. html) organized by MOME in November 2005. Tested J-OWAMP and Internet 2 OWAMP. Tests carried out between IT (Portugal) and the Salzburg Research Advanced Networking Center (Austria). Joint paper presented at the IPS-Mo. Me 2006 Workshop (http: //www. ips 2006. org/).
Collaboration with the MOME project (2/2) OWAMP-Test Traffic PC IT (IP 193. 136. 92. 121) Router 195. 3. 78. 26 Router IT PC Salzburg (cmdaemon. salzburgresearch. at) Internet J-OWAMP Control-Client J-OWAMP Session-Sender NTP Client Internet 2 OWAMP owampd NTP (Is a GPS-equipped Stratum 1 NTP server) Test set-up 109
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D ü ü 110 courses) Jointly Executed Research achievements Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort Summary and Conclusion
Steering Board ü Members ð ü ü ü The Steering Board has met 3 times during the reporting period The minutes of the meetings are available in the Intranet Main Achievements: ð ð ð ð 111 François Baccelli, Augusto Casaca, Klaus Hackbart, Daniel Kofman (Chairman), Gabriele Kotsis, Paul Kuehn, Michal Pioro, Jim Roberts, Roberto Sabella Supervising that the Joint Program of Activities is correctly executed. Supervising the Consortium Management Team to check that the policies defined in the Consortium Agreement and those he decided are correctly implemented Decisions on budget distribution Organization of the Call for specific research projects and selection of projects Relationship with external organizations Establishment of the Advisory Board Reporting to the General Assembly (on April 2005)
Consortium Management Team ü Members ð Jean-Noel Forget, Yuan Laurent – CDC, ð Daniel Kofman (chairman), Myriam Morcel, Vanessa Demanoff – GET ð With the collaboration of legal, administrative and financial staff of CDC and GET ü The main achievements are: ð The signature of the contract with the European Commission ð The signature of the Consortium Agreement ð The development by the CDC of a tool designed to facilitate the reporting on man power and expenses ð The development by the GET of a tool designed to follow-up of the progress of the different activities ð The distribution of the budget according to the rules described on the contract, detailed during the first Steering Board Committee and validated by the participants during the kick-off meeting. ð Implementing the Steering committee financial decisions ð Handling, monitoring and follow-up of all contractual commitments ð The edition of the first semester and present reports ð All related relations with Commission officials ð Monitoring and follow-up of the Steering committee management decisions ð Cash management and all financial transfers and collections ð Cost claims consolidation ð Collecting and monitoring direct costs appropriations (missions, conferences, workshops, etc) ð Issues related with IPR 112
Reviewing 1 st year difficulties ü Higher coordination effort than expected: Due to the large number of different persons needed to be involved for successful delivery in time The Additional Cost model is not well adapted for a network of excellence. This was not understood when signing the contract. Some partners considered that the audit cost represent a too high percentage of the budget they have received. It is difficult to obtain the financial and administrative information from some partners A limited number of participants didn’t provide the expected effort Cooperation would have been further developed if budget would allow for more physical meetings Too much administrative and reporting overhead ð ü ü ü 113
Content ü General Information and Euro-NGI domain ü Organization evolution ü Taking into account the Y 1 Recommendations ü Integration objectives and achievements ü Spreading of the Excellence objectives and achievements ü Jointly Executed Research achievements ü Shared and co-developed software tools and platforms ü Events (conferences, workshops, summer school, Ph. D courses) ü Management objectives and achievements ð Summary on provided effort ü Summary and Conclusion 114
Summary ü Strategic Domain: Next Generation Internet ð Social and economic impact ð Key importance of the integration for developing an European leadership ü Deals with the design of the required NGI innovative architectures ð Complex problem of integrating the various heterogeneous technologies into end-to-end architectures that supports existing and future services in an efficient and reliable way ð Do not concentrate in one specific technology 115
Summary ü Integrates renowned researchers of 2 scientific communities: ð "network architecture" and "traffic engineering and related quantitative methods” • Key element of several successful stories in the US west coast ü Strong relationship with industry ü Strong Joint Program of Activities ð Impact on research, technology transfer and knowledge dissemination, post-graduate studies, etc. ð More than 50 workpackages ð A strong organization 116
Conclusion ü The integration process has evolved as planned ü The consortium has established excellent means for communication and collaboration ð a good balance of personal meetings and collaboration through electronic work spaces ð which helped in creating a much better awareness of the mutual fields of research and which brought up new collaborations. ü It has motivated the creation of effective research groups consisting of several partners with compatible as well as complementary research interests and expertise of international quality in both theoretical and applied aspects relating to the design and dimensioning of the NGI. 117
Conclusion ü The main technical and scientific outcomes of the first year was a series of state of the arts and tutorials on the various covered domains ü During the second year, and thanks to the integration process, significant results from joint research were provided ð The Specific Research Projects would not have exist without Euro-NGI ü Spreading of the Excellence has progressed through the web site, publications database, Summer School, Conferences and workshops, Ph. D courses and several contacts and partnerships. 118
Conclusion ü A poll showed the high interest of the partners in the network, the motivation for continuing executing the Joint Program of Activities is very high ü Only one concern has been highlighted by several partners: the required administrative effort to be conform with European Commission rules is high ð The decisions concerning the audit certificate and the plans for reducing the required administrative effort for the FP 7 have been very welcome 119
Contacts ü www. eurongi. org ü Daniel Kofman - daniel. kofman@enst. fr (Project leader) ü Myriam Morcel – myriam. morcel@enst. fr (Project Assistant) 120
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