SDLC Framework 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC Framework © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Introduction n n n n 2 Risks Rewards Goals Lifecycle comparisons Framework and Methodology comparisons How to implement Case study examples Q&A © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

The Risk - Software Headliners IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. http: //www. nytimes. com/2005/01/14/politics/14 fbi. html 3 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

The Project Management Experience IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. Too often projects are delivered late, aren’t what the sponsor asked for, don’t meet business goals. 4 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Why do Large Projects Fail? n. Requirements Unrealistic or unarticulated project goals – Badly defined system requirements n. Risk – Unidentified and unmanaged risks – Use of immature technology – Project team not able to handle the project's complexity – Sloppy development practices n. Communication – Poor communication among customers, developers, and users – Poor reporting of the project's status – Stakeholder politics n. Planning – Inaccurate estimates of needed resources – Commercial pressures – Poor project management – 5 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Case Study – Before SDLC n The Financials – Total budget for 13 small to medium-sized projects = $12. 4 M – Additional spend on projects = $10. 4 M – Percent over original budget = 83. 85% n Overall Executive Perception “We’ve spent $250 million on projects in the last 24 months and what do we have to show for it? ” n The Business Experience – Operational inefficiencies – Poor customer service, loss of market share – High turnover and burnout 6 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Case Study – After SDLC Pilot Project – Projected 1 Year NPV: $115, 714 3 Year NPV: $2, 197, 415 – Project delivered on time, on budget – Project benefit review documented Actual Gross Savings $7, 530, 219 over 2 years Two Year Regulatory Compliance Project – Total Phase 3 budget projection = $800, 000 – Actual Phase 3 cost = $360, 000 – Cost Savings = $440, 000 – Percent under original budget = 55% Project Portfolio – Trimmed to a “vital few” – Focused on corporate strategic initiatives – Monthly review by Executive Team 7 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC? n n 8 Acronym for system development life cycle. SDLC is the process of developing information systems through investigation, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. SDLC is also known as information systems development or application development. SDLC is a systems approach to problem solving and is made up of several phases, each comprised of multiple steps. Acronym for software development life cycle (SDLC) and also synonymous with software process as well as software engineering, it is a structured methodology used in the development of software products and packages. This methodology is used from the conception phase through to the delivery and end of life of a final software product. See under software engineering. - webopedia. com © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – Simplified Version I keep six honest serving-men (They taught me all I knew); Their names are What and Why and When And How and Where and Who. - Rudyard Kipling 9 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – Who n n 10 Who wants it? Who will benefit? Who is going to do it? Who is going to pay for it? © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – What n n 11 What do you want? What will it do? What will it impact? What benefit do you expect? © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – When n n 12 When do you want it? When is the contractual deadline? When is regulatory implementation? When is the market window of opportunity? © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – Where n n 13 Where will it be built? – In house – Vendor – Contractor – On-shore or off-shore Where will it run? – In house – Vendor – Local implementation – National or global implementation © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – Why n n n 14 Why do you want it? Why do you think it will benefit us? Why do our clients, customers, beneficiaries want or need it? © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

What is SDLC – How n 15 How will you do it? Be very, very detailed. © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Bridging Strategy into Enterprise Solutions • SDLC can improve your ability to deliver on businesscritical projects by creating a common process and common language for the people involved in translating strategy into solutions by implementing projects. 16 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Life Cycle Comparisons n n n 17 Waterfall Fountain Spiral Build and Fix RAD/JAD Rapid Prototyping © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Waterfall Advantages n Linear and sequential n Simplifies task scheduling – no iterative or overlapping steps n Ensures points of review Disadvantages n Slow n Does not adapt to changing requirements n Minimal user input n Higher error rates 18 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Fountain n Recognizes some activities can’t start before others Overlap of activities throughout development Iterative development Case Studies http: //www. springerlink. com/content/y 7 m 40 k 23 83 qw 4737/ http: //ieeexplore. ieee. org/Xplore/login. jsp? url=/i el 4/5287/14324/00658430. pdf? arnumber= 658430 not sure, IEEE abstract too short 19 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Spiral http: //www. srl. cam. ac. uk/genepi/boadicea_interface. html 20 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Spiral Advantages n Good for large, complex projects n Iterative n Customer evaluation allows for changing requirements n Customer & developer evaluate risks Disadvantages n Difficult to convince some customers process is controllable n Needs considerable risk assessment n If risk not discovered, problems will occur n Risk analysis effort wasted for simple, easy projects. Case Studies Xerox http: //csse. usc. edu/csse/event/2000/ARR/day 2/6_Hantos%20 From%20 Spiral. pdf NASA’s TRe. K Project http: //portal. acm. org/citation. cfm? doid=505999. 506004 21 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Build and Fix Advantages n User drives design and development n No user specifications n Easiest way to develop sw Disadvantages n Open ended n High risk n Most expensive way to develop sw Case Studies http: //209. 85. 173. 132/search? q=cache: Ywx. DQE 6 Zm 6 g. J: cs. clarku. edu/~jbreecher/public /last_soft_eng/lectures/Chapter 02 -Life. Cycle. ppt+case+study+build+and+fix+lifecycle&cd=27&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client =safari http: //www. agilejournal. com/webcasts/421 -tooling-in-an-agile-environment-and-the-acorn -case-study 22 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Rapid Application Development (RAD) Joint Application Development (JAD) Advantages n Heavy user involvement n More accurate requirements n Less rework n Higher user satisfaction Disadvantages n Hard to decide when its done Case Studies http: //209. 85. 173. 132/search? q=cache: kp. NPO Tqz. Ri. YJ: cecil. auckland. ac. nz/Html/www_C ase_Multimedia_98. pdf+case+study+rad+li fecycle&cd=9&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client =safari http: //www. jadeworld. com/downloads/casestudi es/CS_Gartner_EWS. pdf 23 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Rapid Prototyping Advantages n Iterative process n Involves user in analysis and design n Captures requirements in concrete form n Higher user satisfaction Disadvantages n Harder to estimate manpower time n Premature launch of prototype Case Studies SAP http: //www. squidoo. com/SAP-PLM-Prototype Air Force http: //ieeexplore. ieee. org/Xplore/login. jsp? url=/iel 2/948/7229/ 00292401. pdf? arnumber=292401 Many More http: //home. att. net/~castleisland/dig 03. htm 24 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC Framework and Toolkit What is SDLC? IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. Framework and Toolkit SDLC Framework is a “cradle-to-grave” sequence of events which must be applied to your’s project delivery processes. SDLC provides standard and structured processes, disciplines and best practices for defining, designing, developing and deploying systems of all kinds, whether they are business or IT. SDLC provides common language and terminology. 25 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Process Framework Approaches SDLC System Development Life Cycle ITSM Information Technology Service Management ITIL Information Technology Infrastructure Library PMBOK Project Management Book of Knowledge RUP Rational Unified Process 26 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC System Development Life Cycle n n n n Intake Planning Analysis Design Build Test Implementation Transition to Operations Case Study http: //ieeexplore. ieee. org/Xplore/login. jsp? url=/iel 5/10425/33100/01559129. pdf? arnumber =1559129 27 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

ITSM Information Technology Service Management ITIL Information Technology Infrastructure Library Framework n n n Assessment Architect and Design Planning Implementation Support www. itsm. info 28 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

PMBOK Project Management Book of Knowledge Lifecycle n Initial Idea Project Team Charter Scope n Intermediate Plan Baseline Progress Acceptance n Final Approval Handover Product 29 Process Groups n Initiating n Planning n Executing n Controlling n Closing © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

PMBOK Process Groups 30 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

RUP Rational Unified Process Framework Time dimension n Inception n Elaboration n Construction n Transition Content Dimension n Business Modelling n Requirements n Analysis & Design n Implementation n Test n Deployment n Configuration & Change Management n Project Management n Environment www. ibm. com/developerworks/rational/library/4763. html 31 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC Myths • • • 32 Projects Will Take Longer There Is More Paperwork I Can’t Get Approvals Gates/Checkpoints Don’t Make Sense Projects Will Cost More © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

How Long Will it Take? IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. Non-SDLC Perception Post-SDLC Actual Project Effort Project Cost > Project Cost Project Quality 33 = < Project Quality © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

No Job is Complete Until the Paperwork is Done SDLC Deliverables • The right work at the right time. • Documents that provide an audit trail and are produced as outcome of the project’s work activity. • If deliverable is not applicable to a particular project, omission of the document must be explained in the project’s work papers and approved by the person accountable for that deliverable 34 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Please Sign the Papers IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. SDLC Approvers Identified • SDLC defines mandatory project participants and defines who must approve the deliverable for any required activity Benefits • No time lost identifying deliverable approvers • No time lost arguing over roles & responsibilities • Fewer approvers required, quicker turn-around time for sign offs • Early and active business participation 35 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Don’t Leave the Gate Open! IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. SDLC Gates or Checkpoints • SDLC gates show us the dependencies or “critical path” tasks in a project. • Checkpoints force a re-evaluation of the project at the end of phases • Checkpoints allow a “reality check” as the project matures. üCritical on longer projects (18+ months) üCan be waived for shorter projects (under 3 months) • Checkpoint or gate should include üreview of business case, üproject progress, and üremaining project deliverables and schedule 36 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

It’s Too Expensive IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. • Project costs are about the same. • SDLC deliverables document project work. • Project costs more evenly spread, less overtime. • Project checkpoints force reevaluation of troubled projects. 37 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC Pilot Project IF YOU NEED A HEADLINE, THIS IS IT. Pilot Project • to be in charge of or responsible for: We're looking for someone to pilot the new project • to lead, guide, or conduct, as through unknown places, intricate affairs • serving as an experimental or trial undertaking prior to full-scale operation or use – Dictionary. com Critical tool in identifying the gaps between current processes and desired end state. 38 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Process Light or Process Heavy? n n n 39 Government Highly Regulated Industry Not-for-Profit Multinational Corporation Small Company Medium Company © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC Light Systems Perspective n Plan n Build n Run PMBOK Perspective n Plan n Do n Check n Act 40 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

SDLC System Development Life Cycle n n n n 41 Intake Planning Analysis Design Build Test Implementation Transition to Operations © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

Review of Concepts n n n n 42 Risks Rewards Goals Lifecycle comparisons Framework and Methodology comparisons How to implement Case study examples Q&A © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary

For more information Knowledge Integration 530 -906 -9715 Knowledge Integration provides engineering and consulting services to DOD, aerospace, medical, and high tech industries. 43 © 2009 Knowledge Integration Proprietary