SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION IN PHYSICS DISCOVERY OF THE

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION IN PHYSICS

DISCOVERY OF THE ELECTRON • One of the most important discoveries during the scientific revolution was the discovery of the electron. Day April 30, 1897 is officially considered the birthday of the first elementary particles - electrons. For this discovery Thomson in 1906 received the Nobel Prize in physics.

THOMSON'S EXPERIMENT • Since 1895, Joseph John Thomson at the Cavendish Laboratory at Cambridge University begins the methodical study of quantitative deviation of cathode rays in electric and magnetic fields. Experience Thomson was to study the beams of cathode rays passing through a system of parallel metal plates to create an electric field systems and coils create a magnetic field. It was found that the rays are deflected by the action of two separate fields, and at a certain ratio between the two beams have not changed a straight path. This ratio is dependent on the speed field of particles. After a series of measurements, Thompson found that the particle velocity is much lower than the speed of light - so it was shown that the particles should have a weight. This was the electron.

HOW COULD THE DISCOVERY OF THE ELECTRON DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICS • Later ( 1903) J. J. Thompson proposed model of the atom in which electrons were selected as point particles floating in a continuous positively charged atom. J. J. Thompson in 1904 also introduced the idea that electrons in atoms are divided into separate groups and thus determine the periodicity properties of chemical elements. Interestingly, the discovery of the electron ahead of the opening of the proton as the result of research in the canal rays of Crookes tube. These rays were discovered in 1886 by the German physicist Eugen Goldstein ( 1850 -1930 ) by the light generated in the work done in the cathode channel. Poincare his fundamental work on theory of relativity, titled " On the dynamics of the electron. "

CONCLUSION • But it was not only the beginning of the rapid development of the physics of electrons , but also the beginning of a revolutionary transformation of the basic physical principles. With the discovery of the electron collapsed view of the indivisibility of the atom, and after that began to form initial ideas completely non-classical theory of the behavior of electrons in atoms.