SBA Trade Financing Tools for Export Success

SBA : Trade Financing Tools for Export Success Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee Training 2012 Dennis R. Chrisbaum, Director International Trade Finance Office of International Trade U. S. Small Business Administration Tel: 202. 205. 6885; dennis. chrisbaum@sba. gov

Small Business Jobs Act of 2010: Support for SME Exporters SBJA Support Description Stronger Office § of International Trade § § Management & Technical Assistance § § Enhanced Export Finance Programs § Established an Independent office of International Trade: Increased Staff and Strengthened Export Counseling Resources. Stronger Inter-Agency Collaboration State Trade and Export Promotion (STEP) Grants Pilot: The law authorized $30 million per year for three years (appropriated funds for two years) in competitive grants for states to assist business owners to expand their exporting Small Business Development Center (SBDC) Counselor Training: TPCC Certificate training offered to SBDC counselors; Pilot launched at SBDC annual conference in San Antonio in 2010 with subsequent training in San Diego in 2011. On-line exam, 2012. Export Express Pilot Becomes Permanent The law turned the Export Express pilot loan program into a permanent program with 90% guarantees for loans up to $350, 000 and 75% for loans greater than $350, 000, up to the limit of $500, 000. Permanent higher loan limits for Export Working Capital Program (EWCP) and International Trade Loans: The Act significantly increased maximum loan sizes for both EWCP and International Trade Loans to $5 million 2

Financing Options for SME Exporters 1. Equity: friends, family and fools 2. Domestic term loans: typically for business start-up or expansion; fixed assets and permanent working capital — 7 -25 years 3. Working capital: revolving line of credit to finance ongoing operational or transactional costs, 1 -3 years 4. Export credit insurance: to mitigate foreign buyer risk of non-payment 5. Buyer financing: foreign buyer receives the loan and pays the exporter on shipment 6. Investment financing: foreign direct investment

SBA Loans for Exporters 1. International Trade Loan (ITL)—up to $5, 000 --either: a) expanding because of exports, or b) adversely impacted by imports --maximum guaranty: $4. 5 million, 90% (permanent) --a combination of fixed assets or term loan with W/C * maximum Working Capital guaranty: $4, 000 --maximum term: 25 years; 10 years for working capital --refinancing is allowed; can be process by PLP-SBA 7(a) lenders --can be used for “on-shoring” if conditions above are met --business plan required & application must document eligibility requirements (i. e. export projections or evidence of adverse impact by imports) --indirect exporting is a qualifying eligibility criteria

SBA Loan Programs for Exporters 2. Export Express Program—to $500, 000 • to $350, 000 with 90% guaranty • to $500, 000 with 75% guaranty • Processed by SBA-approved Export Express lenders • Working capital: 7 years; Fix assets: up to 25 years Required: • In business for at least 12 months (can now be waived by lender if the applicant’s key personnel have demonstrated export expertise and successful business experience and lender does conventional underwriting, not relying on credit scoring) • Entering or expanding in foreign market

Requirements for Export Express Four Questions, Four “Yes” Answers , SBA Form 1920 -C 1. in business for at least one year (can now be waived by lender) 2. entering a new or expanding in an existing foreign market 3. not financing offshore operations 4. not selling to a prohibited country—Exim’s CLS Add: Anticipated annual export sales for the first year —enter on SBA Form 1920 -B.

Export Express: Use of Proceeds may be used for any “export development activity, ” such as: • Translation of product literature or website • Participation in a trade show or on a trade mission • transaction-specific financing of export deals, including standby letters of credit • general lines of credit for export purposes • term loans for permanent working capital, machinery, equipment, or real estate used in the production of goods or services for export • Indirect exports qualify

US Government Loans for Exporters 3. Export Working Capital Loan— 90% guaranty -- SBA: loans to $5 million; Eximbank: no upper limit -- SBA: Maximum guaranty, $4. 5 million --SBA: No minimum ratios; Eximbank has several RMA minimum ratios Transaction-Based Financing (Purchase order financing) • Single Order or Revolving Line • Most supplier and production costs through collections Or, Asset-Based Line-of-Credit • Working Capital for pre-shipment, post-shipment or both requirements • Borrowing Base: inventory, WIP, (insured) A/R

Export Working Capital Eligibility • SBA’s 7(a) size and ownership standards apply based on NAICs--Manufacturing: under 500 employees; can go as high at 1, 500 employees • Or, Tangible Net Worth under $15 million and Net Income over last 2 years averages less than $5 million • Product shipped from U. S. A. or services provided and invoiced by U. S. entity • 12 months of operating history or proven expertise • Transaction- or asset-based loans

Export Working Capital Eligibility • Disbursed against specific transactions and/or resulting (insured) receivables • Eximbank’s country limitation schedule (CLS) applies. See: www. exim. gov • SBA has no requirements on U. S. content or military sales • Eximbank has a U. S. content requirement and prohibition against military sales

EWCP—It’s the Transaction Evidenced by Purchase Order, L/C or signed contract and Acceptable methods of payment by the foreign buyer: • Cash in Advance • Letter of Credit • Documentary Collections • Open Account (insured) • Open Account (no insurance)

Use of Proceeds—Think Transaction • To acquire/produce goods or services for export – Pre-shipment: inventory, WIP, Labor • To support the accounts receivable of such foreign sales – Post-shipment: typically with credit insurance, but that can be waived for qualified buyers • To support standby letters of credit as part of the transaction – Typically serving as a performance, bid or advance payment guaranty

EWCP—Pre-shipment Working Capital Order: $160 k Oregon & Ash Flooring for National Performing Arts Center, Seoul, S. Korea Transaction: $15 k advance payment $145 k L/C payable at sight L/C, without confirmation Eximbank insured LC payment Expiry, four months; 4 month loan Working Capital Need: $115 k to produce order Company: Second export order Order=27% of last year sales

Export Working Capital: Asset-based Line Japan Sales (70% of total sales): Animal supplements $1. 5 million/year—one distributor Transaction: Ongoing sales Contract manufacturer— 30 days terms but buyer extended 60 -day terms Eximbank: Single Buyer Credit Insurance Policy Working Capital Needed: $360 k revolving, asset-based line to support inventory & insured A/R 90% advance rate

EWCP: Support Standby L/C Order • $660 K for 9 modular pumping units for a mine in Chile Transaction: • 50% ($330 k) advance payment • 20%, final shipment; • 20% delivery to mine site; • 10% held back as 12 -month warranty Working Capital Need • $330 k to support Standby L/C for advance payment, 3 months

Indirect Exports Qualify for EWCP Loans • Applicants who produce products or services that enter into the export channel, but do not directly export their products, are eligible for EWCP financing – Manufacturers using an Export Trading Company – Suppliers to other domestic manufacturers that export directly • Requires certification from domestic customer that goods are, in fact, being exported.

EWCP: Transactional Collateral 1. First lien on all assets being financed: – Typically inventory, WIP and A/R 2. Assignment of proceeds under: – documentary letters of credit – credit insurance policies 3. Other assets as required by the lender 4. Personal guarantees of 20% or more owners

SBA EWCP Fees and Analysis Guaranty fee: • SBA: 1/4% of guaranteed amount if 12 months or less • Deals initially booked for 12 months or less can be “reissued” for ¼ of 1% the following year. • Lender Pays (on all SBA loans). 55% on outstanding amount calculated on monthly basis • Borrower and lender negotiate Interest Rate and fees; lender is required to disclose this information to SBA Analysis: 1. is the deal structured correctly? 2. can the borrower perform as agreed? 3. can we get paid, i. e. how secure is the method of payment?

EWCP: How to Apply • EWCP loans are submitted by the local Lender to the appropriate USEAC. • The application is EIB-SBA Form 84 -1, a joint application used by SBA and Ex-Im Bank • The USEAC prepares the authorization and loan officer report for approval by Loan Guaranty Processing Center (LGPC). • Citrus Heights 7(a) LGPC forwards signed documents to the lender. • Some lenders have delegated or PLP authority

SBA USEAC Field Structure

U. S. Small Business Administration Loan Programs for Exporters • Export Express—to $500, 000 • International Trade Loan—to $5 million • Export Working Capital--to $5 million Please Use Them! USEAC: www. sba. gov/international or Contact: dennis. chrisbaum@sba. gov