SAROPS Search and Rescue Optimal Planning System

SAROPS Search and Rescue Optimal Planning System

SAROPS Technologies for Search, Assistance, and Rescue Seminar, Le Quartz, Brest, France, 18 – 20 October 2004 Malcolm L. Spaulding Applied Science Associates, Inc. (ASA), Narragansett, RI

SAROPS Team n n United States Coast Guard Northrop Grumman Applied Science Associates (ASA) Metron

ASA - SARMAP Model System

Search & Rescue Problem n n n n n Create a SAR case when alerted Gather data, estimate uncertainties Use model to determine search area Estimate resource availability and capability Plan the next search Promulgate the search plan Perform the search plan Evaluate the completed search Repeat above until survivors are found and rescued

USCG Transition n n SARTools – Joint Automated Worksheet (JAWS) n Near-shore search planning n Based on 1950’s paper & pencil technology – Computer Assisted Search Planning (CASP) n Offshore search planning n Based on 1970’s technology SAROPS – Technologically current software tool – Near-shore and offshore search planning – Extensible to land-based search planning

SAROPS Goals n n n To provide fast, simple Search & Rescue predictions Minimize data entry and potential for error Automate data linkages – Environmental data inputs – Search Action Plan outputs n Simple visualization of results

SAROPS Scenario Types – Voyage scenario where object can pass through or loiter in a number of locations (positions or areas) using any combination of great circle and rhumb line routes – Initial Position (with bivariate normal uncertainty) and time uncertainty for an event, plus an offset for initial location and time of distress – Positions obtained from COSPAS-SARSAT, other GMDSS – Lines of Bearing (from Radio Direction Finding, Flare Sightings, Loran, and others) – Areas defined by polygons – “Reverse Drift” scenarios – Scenarios may be “weighted” COSPAS-SARSAT – Satellite based emergency beacon locator for search and rescue, GMDSS – Global Marine Distress Safety System

Example Scenario Fishing Area A Probable Error of Turn Point Position Home Port Fishing Area B A Sample Voyage

SAROPS Components Graphical User Interface/ (GUI) n Environmental Data Server (EDS) n Simulator (SIM) n

GUI Requirements n n n n n Deployable on ESRI® GIS mapping engine (C/JMTK) Wizard based interface Minimize keystrokes Chart support (vector/raster) Display environmental data Animated display capabilities Display recommended search plans/areas/patterns Display probability maps (by scenario, object type or combined) Reporting C/JMTK – Commercial/Joint Mapping Tool Kit

GUI • User Defined • Point/Gridded Fields • Regional • Global Current Data • User Defined • Point/Gridded Fields • Regional • Global ENV. DATA SERVER Wind Data Simulator (SIM) Results SRU Deployment Tools

SIM Requirements n “Monte Carlo” (particle) simulation (random walk/flight) – Simulate pre-distress motion & fixed hazards – Simulate distress incidents and outcomes – Simulate post-distress motion (drift) – Calculate near-optimal search plan (max POS) – Simulate simultaneous SRU and search object motion (use POD vs. range at CPA on each leg) – Compute cumulative POS – Account for effects of previous unsuccessful searching when recommending subsequent search plans. POD- probability of detection, POS- probability of success, SRU- search rescue unit, CPA –closest point of approach

SIM n Particle Filter Sample Paths – Example Below: 10, 000 particles, only 5 shown. n n n Time t 1 red ellipse Time t 2 lavender ellipse Time t 3 blue ellipse t 1 t 2 t 3

EDS Requirements n n n n Surface current data Surface wind data Other (visibility, cloud cover, sea state, etc) Automatically accommodate variable spatial scales/resolution Select best data available Global land database Expansion of data products and uses

EDS Gridded Point Finite Element SIM Common File Format (net. CDF)

How do they communicate? GUI Sarops “launch process” SIM Sarops. Sim Java COM Extension Net. CDF XML SHP/ DBF EDS. NET Web Services

Arc. GIS based Architecture - Conceptual WWW Arc. GIS Mapping Framework C O P TMS E X T GEBASE EDS Maptech SAROPS Extension -GUI -SIM SAR Tools Extension - Flares, Patterns, Etc 3 D Analyst Spatial - A Geo. Stat - A Weather. Flow * COP – Common Operational Picture, GEBASE – USCG GIS data distribution system M O R E C-Map Other… E X T’ S

SAROPS Screens (Initial Development)

SAROPS-EDS (COASTMAP) Currents: * User specified * NOAA/NOS tidal currents * Global atlas * Navy global ocean hydrodynamic model * Lake, coastal, and estuarine hydrodynamic models * HF radar systems Winds: * User specified * Navy global meteorological model * NOAA/NWS station forecasts

Short and Long Range HF Radar Systems

Short range HF radar

NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Hydrodynamic Forecasting System

Narragansett Bay estuarine hydrodynamics model

Global, atlas based currents

Related Development Demonstration of linkage of SAROPS/ SARMAP to high frequency radar surface current data Sponsor: US Coast Guard, Research and Development Center Project Team: Anteon, ASA, University of RI and CT, and Rutgers University

Major Study Components • Link HF radar (Block Island Sound(BIS) and Mid Atlantic Bight (MAB)) to SARMAP/SAROPS • Extend development of short term forecasting system to include wind forcing • Compare random walk and random flight model predictions, using HF radar as input, to observed trajectories of 7 drifting buoys deployed in BIS and MAB • Demonstration of integrated system in operational setting for USCG